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Europe: Food Safety Studies

CaitlinCatella — Thu, 02 Feb 2012 13:08:51 CST

France – Nationwide outbreak of Salmonella associated with dried pork sausage consumption
2 Feb. 2012
Eurosurveillance, Volume 17, Issue 5 [edited]
http://www.eurosurveillance.org/ViewArticle.aspx?ArticleId=20071
An outbreak of Salmonella entericaserotype 4,[5],12:i:- occurred in November and December 2011 in France. Epidemiological investigation and food investigation with the help of supermarket loyalty cards suggested dried pork sausage from one producer as the most likely source of the outbreak. Despite the absence of positive food samples, control measures including withdrawal and recall were implemented. Between October 31st and December 18th a total of 337 cases were identified.

Netherlands- Aetiology of acute gastroenteritis in adults requiring hospitalization
08 Dec. 2011
Epidemiology and Infection [edited] [BITES]
http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayAbstract?fromPage=online&aid=8453217
Infectious gastroenteritis causes a considerable burden of disease worldwide. The objective of this study was to determine the incidence and aetiology of gastroenteritis in adults requiring hospital admission in The Netherlands. Five hospitals enrolled patients admitted with gastroenteritis for about 1 year during the period May 2008 to November 2009. Participants completed questionnaires and provided a fecal sample. The hospital completed a clinical questionnaire. In total, 44 adults hospitalized for gastroenteritis were included in the study. The cases had serious symptoms, with 31% subsequently developing kidney failure. One or more pathogens were found in 59% of cases. Overall, rotavirus (22%) was the most common infection. Co-infections were observed relatively often (22%).

UK- Campylobacteriosis reports and rates increasing
26 Nov 2011
Gideon [edited] [ProMed]
http://www.gideon.com
Reports of campylobacteriosis in the United Kingdom have increased since the 1990s and continue to exceed the combined incidence of all other reportable gastrointestinal pathogens. Campylobacteriosis rates in Scotland are similar to those of England and Wales, while those of Northern Ireland more closely resemble rates reported by the Irish Republic.

France- Food poisoning outbreaks linked to mussels contaminated with okadaic acid and ester dinophysistoxin-3 in France, June 2009
17 Nov. 2011
Eurosurveillance [edited] [BITES]
http://www.eurosurveillance.org/ViewArticle.aspx?ArticleId=20020
In June 2009, 11 outbreaks of food poisoning occurred in France, involving 45 individuals who had consumed mussels harvested in Northwestern France. Because the toxic dinoflagellate Dinophysis spp. had been detected in the area from mid-May, okadaic acid (OA) and dinophysistoxins were suspected to be the cause of these outbreaks, although the weekly monitoring tests by mouse bioassay had been negative. With the help of the French reporting system for food-borne disease outbreaks, the detailed data on epidemiology, mussel consumption and complete product traceback, were collected for 11 individuals involved in three reported outbreaks. The batch of mussels identified as the source of these three outbreaks contained concentrations of toxins of the okadaic acid group that were approximately eight times higher than the European regulatory limit.

Norway- Health Risk from Eating Well-Done Meat May Be Underestimated
9 Nov. 2011
Science Daily [edited] [CAHFS-DailyNews]
http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2011/11/111101125945.htm
Researchers at the Norwegian Institute of Public Health have adopted a mouse type where human enzymes have been inserted to examine whether people may be more sensitive to certain carcinogenic substances from heat-treated foods. Results show that the incidence of intestinal tumors increased from 31% to 80% in the mice who consumed substances from meat crust (i.e. the surface formed during heat-treatment). Intestinal expression of the tested human genes might increase the susceptibility to these compounds.

Croatia- First report of Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning (PSP) in mussels from eastern Adriatic Sea
02 Nov. 2011
Food Control [edited] [BITES]
http://bites.ksu.edu/news/151244/11/11/03/first-report-paralytic-shellfish-poisoning-psp-mussels-mytilus-galloprovinciali
The chromatographic HPLC-FLD method was introduced for the first time to identify and quantitatively determine individual Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning toxins accumulated in aquacultured shellfish from Croatian coastal waters. Populations of Mediterranean mussels were contaminated with PSP toxins throughout January to April 2009 leading to the positive test results. Until 2009, there was no evidence of PSP toxins in the examined samples. For the first time an instrumental method revealed the PSP toxin profile of samples taken along the eastern Adriatic coast and identified saxitoxin (STX) as the main representative of this toxin group that may cause paralysis and death in consumers of contaminated shellfish. This phenomenon may have serious health and economic consequences.

Germany- Epidemic Profile of Shiga-Toxin producing Escherichia coli O104:H4 Outbreak
28 Oct. 2011
New England Journal of Medicine [edited] [CAHFS-DailyNews]
http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa1106483
The article describes an outbreak of gastroenteritis and the hemolytic–uremic syndrome caused by Shiga-toxin–producing Escherichia coli in Germany in May, June, and July, 2011. The consumption of sprouts was identified as the most likely vehicle of infection. A total of 3816 cases (including 54 deaths) were reported in Germany. The outbreak strain was typed as an entero-aggregative Shiga-toxin–producing E. coli O104:H4, producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamase.

France- 600 sick from salmonella in hamburgers: a cohort study in Poitiers, France, Oct. 2010
03 Oct. 2011
Barfblog [edited] [BITES]
http://www.barfblog.com/blog/150732/11/10/03/600-sick-salmonella-hamburgers-cohort-study-poitiers-france-oct-2010
In Oct. 2010, a massive outbreak of Salmonella enterica sickened about 600 students in schools in Poitiers, France. During the outbreak, there was criticism regarding the failure to communicate the severity of the outbreak. The epidemiological investigation of the outbreak is presented in this report. Environmental investigations identified frozen beef burger meat from a single brand served in schools as the cause of the outbreak and food trace-back investigation led to identification and recall of beef burger. A retrospective cohort study was conducted. A self-administered questionnaire was filled by students and personnel attending the four exposed schools with cases. Clinical cases were defined as anyone reporting diarrheal or fever with at least one digestive sign within 5 days after school meal.

Scotland- Highly virulent Escherichia coli O26
24 Aug. 2011
Emerging Infectious Diseases [edited] [BITES]
Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) is a rare disorder characterized by microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, microthrombi, and multiorgan injury. HUS is one of the commonest causes of acute renal failure in children worldwide and is most frequently precipitated by infection with verotoxin-producing Escherichia coli (VTEC) such as E. coli O157. However, non-O157 VTEC serotypes have been increasingly found in the development of HUS. Although previous surveillance of childhood HUS in Scotland identified E. coli O157 in >90% of cases, non-O157 serotypes have also been associated with HUS. In 2010, several particularly severe cases of HUS were reported to Health Protection Scotland by a consultant pediatric nephrologist. Subsequent tests identified the pathogen in these cases as E. coli O26. However, in a recent study of pediatric HUS cases in Europe, children infected with E. coli O26 did not exhibit different clinical signs and symptoms from patients infected with other VTEC serotypes. To establish whether the host pathophysiologic responses to E. coli O157 and E. coli O26 strains differed, researchers analyzed a cohort of children with HUS who were infected with these VTEC serotypes. In Scotland, most patients with pediatric thrombotic microangiopathy are referred to a specialist pediatric hospital, which immediately reports cases of HUS to Health Protection Scotland as part of national surveillance. To test the hypothesis that E. coli O26 was more virulent than E. coli O157, researchers performed an age-matched, nested case–case study of HUS patients and compared host clinical markers, treatment, and outcomes from pediatric cases in 2010.

Greece- Risk-based estimate of effect of foodborne diseases on public health
24 Aug. 2011
Emerging Infectious Diseases [edited] [BITES]
The public health effects of illness caused by foodborne pathogens in Greece during 1996–2006 was quantified by using publicly available surveillance data, hospital statistics, and literature. Results were expressed as the incidence of different disease outcomes and as disability-adjusted life years (DALY), a health indicator combining illness and death estimates into a single metric. It has been estimated that each year 370,000 illnesses/million inhabitants are likely caused because of eating contaminated food; 900 of these illnesses are severe and 3 fatal, corresponding to 896 DALY/million inhabitants. Ill-defined intestinal infections accounted for the greatest part of reported cases and 27% of the DALY. Brucellosis, echinococcosis, salmonellosis, and toxoplasmosis were found to be the most common known causes of foodborne illnesses, being responsible for 70% of the DALY.

UK- Scientists unlock secrets of E. coli outbreak strain
13 June 2011
Health Protection Agency [BITES]
Scientists at the Health Protection Agency (HPA) have produced the most accurate and detailed genetic analysis to date of the E. coli O104 strain which is causing the outbreak in Germany. Cases are also being seen other European countries. Their findings, which have been uploaded onto the National Centre for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) website to assist in the international effort to control this outbreak, confirm earlier research that E. coli O104 has evolved to produce a new variant of this infectious agent. This new strain of E. coli O104 has a unique combination of features containing genes from two different types of E. coli as well as its own genes. The HPA team identified that these gene combinations produce a dangerous mix of properties. Insight into the genome may help to explain why this outbreak is so virulent - previous cases of E. coli O104 have not been associated with severe outbreaks in the past. Researchers have been able to map the exact location of the genes contained within the strain and their relation to one another.

UK- New strain of MRSA superbug may have spread from cattle to humans
3 June 2011
Guardian.co.uk [edited]
Scientists in the UK have discovered a new strain of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) that appears to spread to humans from cattle and can cause life-threatening illness. The drug-resistant strain was identified in cows' milk during a study of the udder infection mastitis in dairy herds. It is the first time any form of the MRSA has been found on British farms. Milk from infected cows was safe to drink because the bug, along with other bacteria, can be killed by pasteurization. More than 99% of milk consumed in the UK is pasteurized. But the presence of MRSA in the national herd will put farm workers at risk of becoming carriers of the infection and spreading it to the wider community.

Croatia- Veterinary drug residues in raw milk study
27 May 2011
Food Control [edited] [BITES]
A total of 1259 raw milk samples were examined over a three-year period for various antibiotics. Microbiological and immunoassay methods were used to determination if the antibiotics were used according to the guidelines provided by European Commission. In total, 37 positive samples were determined, which was equal to a frequency of 0.69% of the total number of targeted analyses. These findings suggest that raw milk in Croatia contain very low levels of veterinary drugs so that toxicological risk with regard to consuming of milk could not be considered a public health problem.

England- A cluster of Listeria monocytogenes infections in hospitalized adults, February 2011
19 May 2011
Eurosurveillance [edited] [BITES]
Hospital-acquired listeriosis cases are not commonly reported but remain a significant public health problem. The study reports on three cases in patients with underlying conditions occurring during one week in February 2011. The cases had common exposure to pre-packed sandwiches and salads. It is thought that cold chain and shelf life controls at the hospital were key contributing factors.

UK- Incidents report published
24 May 2011
Food Standards Agency [edited] [BITES]
The Food Standards Agency published its Annual Report of Incidents 2010. It outlines future challenges, such as working to ensure food at the 2012 London Olympics and Paralympics venues is safe to eat. In 2010, there were nearly 300 more incidents than in 2009. The incidents included food fraud investigations and the subsequent seizures of illicit alcohol, a Salmonella outbreak associated with bean sprouts, and amnesic shellfish poisoning. More information about the action taken to protect consumers is given in the report.

France- Investigation of waterborne gastroenteritis outbreak
09 May 2011
Institut de Veille Sanitaire [edited] [BITES]
Because of an increase in the number of acute gastroenteritis (AGE) cases reported and the pollution of the public drinking water system, an outbreak of waterborne AGE was studied. Epidemiological and environmental investigations were conducted to describe the outbreak, the cases’ use of health care and waterborne pathogen origin. The environmental survey was used to describe the pollution in the water system and to identify potential sources of contamination. The epidemiological survey (n=433 subjects) confirmed the association between the occurrence of AGE and consumption of tap water and the risk increased with the amount of water absorbed. One third of the cases consulted a doctor. The microbiological examination of stool was positive for a single pathogen, Campylobacter jejuni. Late microbiological tests performed on water samples showed the presence of E.coli (STEC). This report enabled researchers to make several recommendations regarding the security system of water production, improved detection methods and investigations of outbreaks of waterborne infection.

Austria- Lessons to be learned from an outbreak of foodborne Listeriosis, 2009 to 2010
06 May 2011
Food Protection Trends Vol.31, No.5, Pages 268–273 [edited] [BITES]
From June 2009 to February 2010, an outbreak of listeriosis affected 25 people in Austria, 8 in Germany and 1 in the Czech Republic. The source of this outbreak linked to 8 deaths was initially identified based only on epidemiological findings. Grocery receipts of purchases from 7 patients were collected prospectively during 3 weeks after discharge from hospital and were compared. This generated a hypothesis tested by a case control study, which revealed Austrian ‘Quargel’ cheese as the source of infection. At least two patients had consumed the contaminated product after it was withdrawn from the market. Of 63 food samples of the product analyzed, 20 were positive for L. monocytogenes and 10 samples harbored >100 CFU/g (max. 92,000 CFU/g). A leftover specimen, stored in a patient’s refrigerator, yielded 2,100,000 CFU/g of L. monocytogenes, which matched the patient’s isolate.

Sweden- Cryptosporidium strikes Sweden again with 1,500 sick
21 April 2011
Barfblog [edited] [BITES]
In 2010, up to 11,000 people were sickened by cryptosporidium in Sweden. Recently, it has been reported that as many as 1,500 inhabitants in a municipality in northern Sweden have confirmed in a survey that they have experienced stomach flu symptoms probably caused by a parasite outbreak. The web survey was answered by 2,300 residents of the municipality. Of those who responded, about 60 percent confirmed that they experienced stomach flu symptoms. The survey has confirmed theories that the stomach flu has probably been caused by the parasite Cryptosporidium that could have originated in the municipal water supply, local authorities confirmed at a press conference on Wednesday.

England- National outbreak of Salmonella Enteritidis phage type 14b, September to December 2009: case–control study
14 April 2011
Eurosurveillance [edited] [BITES]
Researchers conducted an unmatched retrospective case–control study to investigate an upsurge of non-travel-related sporadic cases of infection with Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serotype Enteritidis phage type 14b with antimicrobial resistance to nalidixic acid and partial resistance to ciprofloxacin (S. Enteritidis PT 14b NxCpL) that was reported in England between September 1, 2009 and December 31, 2009. The findings led to a prohibition of imports from a particular source of eggs in order to control the outbreak.

Germany- An outbreak of emetic syndrome after a kindergarten excursion linked to pudding, December 2007
14 April 2011
Eurosurveillance [edited] [BITES]
An outbreak of food poisoning (emetic syndrome) occurred in three kindergartens in Berlin, Germany, on 3 December 2007 after an excursion during which food was served. Researchers conducted a retrospective cohort study among the kindergarten children and personnel who participated in the trip. The overall illness rate among the 155 participants was 30%. The consumption of rice pudding was significantly associated with disease. Among those who ate rice pudding, the illness rate was 36%, compared with 0% for non-eaters.

Romania- Epidemiology of foodborne botulism in Romania 1980–2009
15 April 2011
Foodborne Pathogens and Disease [edited] [BITES]
In 2007, Romania reported the highest notification rate of botulism cases in the European Union, which was 18 times higher than the reported rate in the United States. This report aims to analyze surveillance data on foodborne botulism in Romania from 1980 to 2009. The mean annual incidence rate of botulism cases was significantly lower during the late communist period, 1980–1989 (0.06±0.03 cases per 100,000 inhabitants), than during the years 1990–1999 (0.1±0.04 cases per 100,000 inhabitants) and 2000–2009 (0.12±0.04 cases per 100,000 inhabitants).

Finland- Norovirus genotypes in endemic acute gastroenteritis of infants and children between 1994 and 2007
14 April 2011
Epidemiology and Infection [edited] [BITES]
Noroviruses are the second most common causative agents of acute gastroenteritis in young children. Researchers studied norovirus genotypes in fecal specimens collected from Finnish children followed-up prospectively in rotavirus vaccine trials. Researchers found that genotypes GII.4 and GIIb have emerged as predominant norovirus genotypes in endemic gastroenteritis affecting young infants and children in Finland.

France- Hepatitis A outbreak linked to the consumption of semi-dried tomatoes, 2009-2010
12 April 2011
Institut de Veille Sanitaire [edited] [BITES]
In January 2010, two clusters of hepatitis A cases were identified through mandatory notification in two French districts. The cases infected by a single IB strain reported having eaten in sandwich shops of the same chain. Additional cases were identified by the National Reference Centre (NRC) for hepatitis A virus (HAV) in other districts. A national epidemiological, virological and veterinary investigation was carried out to identify the source of infection, and to propose appropriate control measures. Fifty-nine cases were identified in 19 districts. Cases were more likely than controls to have eaten sandwiches or salads from a sandwich shop and to have eaten semi-dried tomatoes (SDT). The sandwich shops were supplied with SDT imported from Turkey by a common wholesaler located in France. The researchers stated that their results suggest that the nationwide outbreak was associated with consumption of SDT imported from Turkey.

Sweden- Study raises concerns about trace elements in baby foods
11 April 2011
FoodProductionDaily [edited]
Swedish scientists have expressed concern about the quantity of certain elements, especially arsenic, in popular infant formulas and foods. Researchers investigated the concentration of trace elements in nine infant formulas and nine infant foods produced by well-known companies. The survey revealed wide variations between different products intended for babies of less the four months old. Rice-based products were highlighted as being of particular concern because of the levels of arsenic found in them. The scientists also expressed concern about the levels of two other toxic elements in infant formulas and foods: cadmium and lead.

Netherlands- Cost of illness and disease burden in The Netherlands due to infections with Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli O157
01 April 2011
Journal of Food Protection [edited] [BITES]
Infections due to Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli O157 (STEC O157) are associated with hemorrhagic colitis, hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS), and end-stage renal disease (ESRD). In the study, researchers extend previous estimates of the burden of disease associated with STEC O157 with estimates of the associated cost of illness in The Netherlands. Annually, approximately 2.100 persons per year experience symptoms of gastroenteritis, leading to 22 cases of HUS and 3 cases of ESRD. The disease burden at the population level was estimated at 133 DALYs (87 DALYs discounted) per year. Total annual undiscounted and discounted costs of illness due to STEC O157 infection for the Dutch society were estimated at €9.1 million and €4.5 million, respectively. Average lifetime undiscounted and discounted costs per case were both €126 for diarrheal illness, both €25,713 for HUS, and €2.76 million and €1.22 million, respectively, for ESRD. Compared with other foodborne pathogens, STEC O157 infections result in relatively low burden and low annual costs at the societal level, but the burden and costs per case are high.

Italy- Ochratoxin A in cocoa and chocolate products from the Italian market, occurrence and exposure assessment
31 March 2011
Food Control [edited] [BITES]
Three hundred samples of cocoa and chocolate based products were randomly collected in South, Center and North Italy. One hundred and seventy nine, out of the 300 samples analyzed, were positive for ochratoxin A (OTA) contamination, representing 60% of the purchased products. All 40 cocoa samples showed OTA contamination, while grouping all the chocolate products the positive samples accounted for 53%. The mean OTA concentration levels for cocoa and chocolate products were well below the corresponding Italian legal limits. On the basis of the risk assessment carried out in this study, the exposure to OTA, due to the consumption of cocoa and chocolate products, is to be considered not a major concern. Therefore, the Italian Superior Council of Health considered the data arising from this study, adequate to repeal the existing Italian legal limits and to align national legislation with the EU provisions.

EU- The European Union Summary Report on Trends and Sources of Zoonoses, Zoonotic Agents and Food-borne Outbreaks in 2009
22 March 2011
EFSA Journal [edited]
The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) and the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) have published their annual report on zoonoses and foodborne outbreaks in the EU for 2009. The report shows Salmonella cases in humans fell by 17% in 2009, marking a decrease for the fifth consecutive year. The report also shows that between 2008 and 2009 the number of laying hen flocks infected with Salmonella fell by 9%. Campylobacteriosis remained the most reported zoonotic disease in humans, showing a slight increase in 2009 compared to 2008 (+4%). Listeria infections in humans showed an increase of 19% in 2009 compared to 2008. Verotoxigenic Escherichia coli (VTEC) accounted for 3,573 human disease cases in 2009, marking a slight increase from 2008. The report says that 5,550 foodborne outbreaks were recorded in the EU in 2009, affecting 48,964 people and causing 46 deaths. The largest sources of outbreaks were eggs and egg products, mixed and buffet meals, and pork and pork-derived products.

France- Psittacosis outbreak after participation in a bird fair, Western France, December 2008
14 March 2011
Epidemiology and Infection [edited] [BITES]
In December 2008, three hospitalized cases of suspected psittacosis-related infections were found in a local hospital and reported to the Regional Epidemiology Unit in France. All the patients had attended a bird fair. A retrospective cohort study was conducted among exhibitors and organizers to identify potential risk factors in relation to this fair. Environmental and veterinary investigations were implemented to trace potential sources of infection.

Belgium- Virulence profiling and quantification of verocytotoxin-producing Escherichia coli O145:H28 and O26:H11 isolated during an ice cream–related hemolytic uremic syndrome outbreak
07 March 2011
Foodborne Pathogens and Disease [edited] [BITES]
From September to October 2007, a mixed-serotype outbreak of verocytotoxin-producing Escherichia coli (VTEC) O145:H28 and O26:H11 occurred in the province of Antwerp, Belgium. Five girls developed hemolytic uremic syndrome, and seven other exposed persons with bloody diarrhea were identified. The epidemiological and laboratory investigations revealed ice cream as the most likely source of the outbreak. The ice cream was produced at a local dairy farm using pasteurized milk. VTEC of both serotypes with indistinguishable pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns were isolated from patients, ice cream, and environmental samples. Based on the data analysis, it is likely that O145:H28 played the most important role in this outbreak.

Spain- 26 percent of herbs eaten in Spain are contaminated with bacteria
03 March 2011
Eurekalert.org [edited] [BITES]
A research team from the University of Valencia has discovered that up to 20% of spices and 26% of herbs sold in Spain are contaminated by various bacteria, reducing their quality. The study, which is the first of its kind in Spain, suggests that health and hygiene control systems should be put in place, from cultivation of these products through to when they reach the market.

UK- Food Attitudes Survey
03 March 2011
Food Standards Agency [edited] [BITES]
The Agency has published the first wave of an extensive new survey called Food and You, which reveals information about people’s behaviors and attitudes towards food issues such as food safety and healthy eating, and their knowledge of these issues. This wide-ranging survey involved more than 3,000 face-to-face interviews with randomly selected adults across the UK between March and August 2010. The key findings on food safety are: * The majority of respondents reported that they follow recommended practices in relation to cleaning, cross-contamination, chilling and cooking. * The FSA advises that people shouldn’t wash raw meat and poultry. However many respondents said that they did – 41% said that they always wash raw meat and poultry, and 42% wash raw fish and seafood. * There is a lack of knowledge around safe food storage – just under half (46%) correctly stated that the temperature of a fridge should be between 0 and 5°C. * There is some uncertainty around the best way to tell whether food was safe to eat, with respondents commonly saying they used the smell (72%) and look (56%) of food to decide if it was safe. The recommended practice of checking the ‘use by’ date was mentioned by a quarter of people (25%).

France- Hepatitis A associated with semidried tomatoes, France, 2010
03 March 2011
CDC [edited] [BITES]
In January 2010, two clusters of non-traveler associated hepatitis A were reported in three districts of southwestern France. An investigation was conducted to describe the outbreak, identify the vehicle of transmission and source of infection, and propose appropriate control measures. Cases were identified through mandatory notification or through the National Reference Centre for HAV. A total of 59 cases were identified: 49 confirmed cases (resident of France and infected with the outbreak strain) and 10 probable cases (resident of southwestern France and with a locally acquired infection). Twelve (20%) persons were secondary case-patients (symptom onset 2–6 weeks after contact with a case-patient). Twenty-eight (47.5%) case-patients were hospitalized, and all recovered. The epidemiologic curve suggested a persistent common source of contamination, followed by person-to-person transmission. Of the 47 persons with non-secondary cases (primary cases and cases that were not able to be classified), 27 (57%) reported having eaten in a sandwich shop. Twenty-four (51%) reported eating semidried tomatoes, 20 of 566m reported purchasing semidried tomatoes in 1 of 3 different sandwich shop chains. Trace-back investigations identified a supplier in France that imported frozen semidried tomatoes from Turkey and supplied the three sandwich shop chains. In France, the frozen semidried tomatoes were defrosted and processed with oil and herbs before distribution. No heat treatment, disinfection, or washing was conducted after defrosting. The period of distribution of one batch matched the estimated period of contamination of non-secondary cases. This batch was no longer available at the supplier or at the sandwich shops for virologic analysis or for recall. Our results suggest that this nationwide hepatitis A outbreak was associated with eating one batch of semidried tomatoes imported from Turkey and processed in France. Infected food handlers are the most frequently documented source of contamination by HAV of food items, but food also can be contaminated by contact of products or machinery with contaminated water. Semidried tomatoes should be considered a potential vehicle of transmission in foodborne outbreaks of HAV.

Scotland- Escherichia coli O157 infection and secondary spread, Scotland, 1999–2008
03 March 2011
CDC [edited] [BITES]
To determine the proportion of Escherichia coli O157 cases in Scotland attributable to secondary spread, data obtained through entire-population enhanced surveillance was analyzed. It was identified that 11% of cases are secondary. Secondary cases in single households were younger than secondary cases in outbreaks affecting >1 household and had similar risk for hemolytic uremic syndrome. Escherichia coli O157 remains a substantial public health challenge worldwide, particularly because of its association with hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS). In 1999, Health Protection Scotland (HPS), in collaboration with the Scottish E. coli O157/VTEC Reference Laboratory, established enhanced surveillance of E. coli O157 covering the entire population. HPS defines a case as a single-person infection episode with laboratory confirmation of infection as either culture positive or serum positive for E. coli O157. Researchers analyzed data for all cases reported to HPS during 1999–2008 using χ2 and Mann-Whitney tests and considered pFrom January 1, 1999, through December 31, 2008, a total of 2,228 E. coli O157 cases were reported to HPS (mean 223 annually); the mean annual incidence rate was 4.4 cases per 100,000 population. Ages of the 2,228 cases ranged from 4 months to 97 years (median 21 years). The reasons for high incidence rates of E. coli O157 in Scotland are undoubtedly complex and multifactorial. Influences affecting real incidence may include the relative population densities of livestock and humans and reliance on private water supplies. Researchers strongly recommend increased efforts to prevent secondary transmission within individual households. This would reduce not only the overall health and social costs of E. coli O157 infection but also the number of, and distress to, HUS cases attributable to secondary spread.

Germany- Choice of litter material can decrease Salmonella in poultry flocks
3 March 2011
WorldPoultry.net [edited] [CAHFS-DailyNews]
Researchers at the Department of Animal Sciences from Georg-August-University Göttingen in Germany studied the effect of four types of litter material on the frequency of Salmonella in broilers. Wood shavings showed the highest prevalence of Salmonella.

EU- Analysis of the baseline survey on the prevalence of Campylobacter in broiler batches and of Campylobacter and Salmonella on broiler carcasses, in the EU, 2008 - Part B: Analysis of factors associated with Salmonella contamination of broiler carcasses
18 Feb. 2011
EFSA Journal [edited] [BITES]
A European Union-wide baseline survey on Campylobacter in broiler batches and on Campylobacter and Salmonella on broiler carcasses was carried out in 2008. In the Salmonella sub-survey a total of 10,035 broiler batches were sampled from 561 slaughterhouses in 26 European Union Member States and two countries not belonging to the European Union. From each randomly selected batch one carcass was collected after chilling and the neck skin together with the breast skin was examined for the presence of Salmonella. The risk for contamination of carcasses with Salmonella varied significantly between countries and between slaughterhouses within a country, even when other associated factors were accounted for. The most commonly reported serovars were S. Infantis, S. Enteritidis and S. Typhimurium.

France- Human botulism in France, 2007-2009
22 Feb. 2011
BEH [edited] [BITES]
In France, 22 outbreaks of botulism involving 45 cases were identified and 2 outbreaks (2 cases) were clinically suspected between 2007-2009. The source of botulism was foodborne in most of the cases (89%), with the exception of 4 cases of infant botulism and one case of wound botulism. Although rare, botulism is still present in France, with unusual and severe forms, justifying continued surveillance.

The Netherlands- Low seroprevalence of Q fever in The Netherlands prior to a series of large outbreaks
16 Feb. 2011
Epidemiology and Infection [edited] [BITES]
The Netherlands has experienced large community outbreaks of Q fever since 2007. Questionnaires containing epidemiological data from 5654 individuals were obtained in a nationwide seroprevalence survey used to evaluate the National Immunization Programme in 2006–2007.

Iceland- A national epidemic of Campylobacteriosis in Iceland, lessons learned
17 Jan. 2011
Zoonoses and Public Health

Europe: Food/Water Borne Illness Outbreaks

CaitlinCatella — Thu, 02 Feb 2012 09:32:30 CST

Ukraine- Son of French President hospitalized with food poisoning
25 Jan. 2012
Barfblog [edited] [BITES]
http://www.barfblog.com/blog/152719/12/01/25/sarkozy%E2%80%99s-son-hospitalized-food-poisoning-ukraine
The son of the French President has been hospitalized with food poisoning. The son was taken to a hospital after feeling ill, according to a French Embassy spokesman.
It is believed that the son got food poisoning outside Ukraine, and then was flown home to France for treatment.

Russia- Salmonellosis Oranienburg in powdered milk
23 Jan 2012
eFoodAlert [edited] [ProMed]
http://efoodalert.net/2012/01/23/update-belgian-infant-formula-blamed-for-sick-russian-babies/
AFSCA, the Belgian food safety authority, announced on Jan. 23, 2012 that powdered milk imported from Belgium is believed to be responsible for infecting infants in the north of Russia with Salmonella Oranienburg. AFSCA reports that one production lot comprising 19 tons was implicated; 16 tons were shipped to Russia, and the remaining 3 tons, mixed together with other production lots, were supplied to several developing countries. None of the contaminated milk powder was sold in Belgium, or in any other European country. The powdered infant formula manufactured by a Belgian company is responsible for 16 cases of salmonellosis in Russia, according to a ProMED-mail report. It is reported that 13 of the outbreak victims were children aged 2 weeks to 7 months and all 16 confirmed victims were infected with S. Oranienburg. The implicated milk was identified as dry milk formula.

UK- Salmonellosis typhimurium DT193
20 Jan 2012
BBC News [edited] [ProMed]
http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-16473441
Health officials are investigating how to stop a rise in cases of a strain of salmonellosis which can leave patients severely ill. Cases of Salmonella Typhimurium DT193, rose 630 percent from 71 in 2004 to 518 in 2011 in England and Wales according to the Health Protection Agency [HPA]. DT193, which is most common in beef and pork, is also found in unpasteurized milk products. The ongoing HPA study involved asking ill persons what they ate and activities they were involved in prior to becoming unwell.

Russia- Belgian Infant Formula Blamed for Sick Russian Babies

22 Jan. 2012

ProMed [edited] [eFoodAlert]

http://efoodalert.net/2012/01/22/belgian-infant-formula-blamed-for-sick-russian-babies/

Powdered infant formula manufactured by a Belgian company is responsible for 16 cases of salmonellosis in Usolie (Omsk, Irkutsk, Russia), according to ProMed. The illnesses occurred between November 2, 2011 and January 13, 2012. Thirteen of the outbreak victims were children aged 2 weeks to 7 months; one was a 4-year old child, and two victims were adults aged 24 and 29 years. All sixteen confirmed victims were infected with Salmonella Oranienburg. The implicated milk was identified a dry milk formula. It was manufactured in Belgium and distributed in the Russian Federation. The implicated batch of dry milk formula carried a date of manufacture of 01.2011.

Ukraine- Large-scale recall & potential outbreak of Salmonellosis
18 Jan. 2012
World Poultry [edited] [BITES]
http://www.worldpoultry.net/news/ukraine-suffers-large-scale-outbreak-of-salmonellosis-9878.html
Several batches of poultry belonging to one of Ukraine’s largest poultry producers have been found to be contaminated with salmonella, according to the results of a scheduled inspection of the State Veterinary and Sanitary Service of Ukraine. It is estimated that 30 thousand tons of chicken may be infected, making it the largest [recall] of salmonellosis ever recorded in the country. The contaminated products were withdrawn from sale and did not get into the free market. An investigation is being conducted to establish exactly how the infection occurred. Consumers have also been advised not to purchase the company's products, at least until all the additional checks have concluded. This is not the first outbreaks of salmonellosis in Ukraine during the past few months. On November 12, a similar situation occurred with another poultry company and its product got into the market and caused 14 cases of food poisoning.

Portugal- First case of infant botulism
11 Jan. 2012
Food Control [edited] [BITES]
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0956713512000114
A clinical case of infant botulism was detected in Portugal. This rare occurrence was detected in a child from an immigrant family from Eastern Europe. Besides breast milk, the parents gave the infant honey and chamomile tea. Clostridium botulinum type B was identified in bacterial isolations from the feces. Honey and chamomile herbs were also sampled. The Botulism neurotoxin (BoNT) B was detected in the feces according to CDC.

France- Gastroenteritis epidemic
6 Jan 2012
Sante News [edited] [ProMed]
http://www.santenews.net/index.php/319-lepidemie-de-gastro-enterite-le-depassement-du-seuil-a-ete-constate
In metropolitan France, the incidence of cases of acute diarrhea detected in consultation of general medicine has slightly exceeded the epidemic threshold. The cases were of 300 cases for 100,000 inhabitants for a threshold of 282 cases. According to data from the network, it was found that 6 regions had exceeded the epidemic threshold.

Germany- BOTULISM
31 Dec 2011
Dr. Pfaff email [in German, machine translated][edited] [ProMed]
On 24 Nov. and 8 Dec. 2011, 2 cases of botulism were diagnosed in adults living in the urban district of Stuttgart and in the Ludwigsburg. Whether a connection exists between the cases is unclear, especially since the source of the intoxication is still unknown. It cannot be excluded that other cases may occur.

UK- Charity pig roast connected to Salmonella outbreak
19 Dec. 2011
Barfblog [edited]
http://barfblog.com/blog/152088/11/12/19/charity-pig-roast-connected-salmonella-outbreak-possibly
A conflict over what caused 14 cases of salmonellosis in Devon (UK) has spilled into the media. A cluster of 14 Salmonella illnesses popped up in April (2011) and 12 of the 14 attended and ate pork at charity hog roast. The charity that held the event is denying that their roast caused the illnesses, stating that they took precautions to serve safe food. The HPA started an investigation after a number of complaints of food poisoning, but they were unable to get samples from leftover food for testing. The HPA epidemiologists concluded that it was not possible to confirm the source of the outbreak although the hog roast is the main link identified between the cases.

Ireland- Xmas events shelved after hotel outbreak
14 Dec. 2011
Barfblog [edited] [BITES]
http://www.barfblog.com/blog/151955/11/12/13/xmas-events-shelved-after-dublin-hotel-vomiting-outbreak
A hotel in Dublin has canceled a number of Christmas events and suspended its food and beverage service after a suspected outbreak of norovirus linked to its catering services. The hotel manager received between 50 and 100 calls from people who had dined there last week complaining of being ill afterwards.

UK- E. COLI O157, crab consumption link
12 Dec 2011
Plymouth Herald [edited] [ProMed]
http://www.thisisplymouth.co.uk/case-E-coli-outbreak-Plymouth-linked-crab-meat/story-14113691-detail/story.html
Health protection officers are investigating an E. coli outbreak in Plymouth believed to be linked to crab meat. Environmental health officers and the Health Protection Agency (HPA) launched an inquiry after 9 cases were confirmed in the city. It is believed to be the first reported outbreak of the E. coli O157 strain associated with the consumption of crab.

Russia- Brucellosis
8 Dec 2011
Ria Dagestan [edited] [ProMed]
http://www.riadagestan.com/news/2011/12/08/8146/
The deputy prime minister held a meeting on the epizootic situation in the republic. Officials are concerned that if drastic measures are not taken soon, the situation of brucellosis in the country will spiral out of control. During the first 11 months of the current year, brucellosis was diagnosed in 1620 head of cattle and in 826 sheep and goats. Brucellosis is a dangerous disease transmitted via animals to humans. Also, according to the National Center for Infectious Diseases, in the first 11 months of 2011, 248 local residents fell ill with brucellosis and 138 of them with the acute form of the disease.

Germany- Poisoned schnapps
10 Dec. 2011
Barfblog [edited] [BITES]
http://www.barfblog.com/blog/151910/11/12/10/strangers-candy-german-scrooge-poisons-xmas-spiked-schnapps
An unidentified person poisoned visitors at two of Berlin's popular Christmas markets with an offer of tiny bottles of liquor that were laced with vomit-inducing chemicals according to police. At least 5 people became violently ill and one woman was hospitalized.

France- Botulism from homemade tapenade
8 Dec 2011
Eurosurveillance [edited] [ProMed]
http://www.eurosurveillance.org/ViewArticle.aspx?ArticleId=20035
In early September 2011, local health authorities were notified by a hospital clinician of an outbreak of 5 suspected cases of botulism among 8 people who attended a family dinner. As of the end of November (latest information available), all were still in hospital.

UK- Toddlers served industrial cleaning fluid instead of water by UK restaurant and is taken to hospital with chemical burns
2 Dec.11
Barfblog [edited] [BITES]
http://www.barfblog.com/blog/151741/11/12/02/toddlers-served-industrial-cleaning-fluid-instead-water-blundering-uk-restauran
Two children, both age one, were rushed to a hospital with injuries to mouth and throat after their cups were filled from unmarked jug containing pipe cleaning fluid instead of water at a restaurant. The restaurant manager called the ambulance and gave the parents a bottle of the cleaner to show to the doctors.

Belgium- Hepatitis A, college
29 Nov 2011
RTBF.BE [edited] [ProMed]
http://www.rtbf.be/info/regions/detail_trois-cas-d-hepatite-a-au-college-de-maredsous?id=7156133
Three cases of hepatitis A have been diagnosed at a college in the Molignee valley. Hepatitis A is transmitted predominantly through consumption of water or food contaminated by fecal material containing the hepatitis A virus. Health Authorities are implementing measures to contain the outbreak and to distribute the vaccine.

UK- Campylobacteriosis, hotel
25 Nov 2011
BBC [edited] [ProMed]
http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-manchester-15887391
Health officials are investigating an outbreak of food poisoning which affected 80 guests at a hotel in Greater Manchester. Diners reported dizziness and vomiting after attending a charity dinner. A spokeswoman for the Health Protection Agency (HPA) stated that the investigation was ongoing. The hotel reported that it was carrying out a full and in-depth investigation with environmental health experts. The HPA report that guests suffered from campylobacter, a bug which can be caused by undercooked meat.

Czech Republic- Hepatitis A
25 Nov 22011
ROMEA [edited] [ProMed]
http://www.romea.cz/english/index.php?id=detail&detail=2007_2976
An epidemic of hepatitis A nfection has been spreading since the summer [2011] among the residents in the Privoz quarter of Ostrava. The local authorities investigating the source of the disease discovered the neighborhood sewer was not operating properly. Repair of the sewer has been delayed by disputes between city hall and the private company that owns the land under which the blocked portion of the pipes is located. The epidemic broke out in July and ended in October [2011]. A total of 35 people, most of them children, became ill.

UK- Campylobacteriosis, hotel guests
25 Nov 2011
BBC [edited] [ProMed]
http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-manchester-15887391
Health officials are investigating an outbreak of food poisoning which affected 80 guests at a hotel in Greater Manchester. Diners reported dizziness and vomiting after attending a charity dinner at the hotel. A spokeswoman for the Health Protection Agency (HPA) stated that its investigation was ongoing. HPA has reported that guests suffered from campylobacter, a bug linked to undercooked meat.

Russia- Hepatitis A
17 Nov 2011
RIA (Russian Information Agency) [edited] [ProMed]
http://www.ria.ru/incidents/20111117/490979654.html
During November [2011] more than 50 inhabitants of Novosibirsk have become ill with hepatitis A. The first reported cases ate in the dining room of one of the business centers of the city. There are now 56 confirmed cases in the city. The Municipal health authorities have now identified almost 2,000 contacts with 31 of them being children. All of the identified contacts (who have not had hepatitis A previously or been vaccinated) have been vaccinated. The municipal medical institutions have implemented appropriate measures to contain the spread of infection.

UK- Third child treated for botulism linked to sauce
17 Nov. 2011
Barfblog [edited] [BITES]
http://www.barfblog.com/blog/151493/11/11/17/third-uk-child-treated-botulism-linked-loyd-grossman-korma-sauce
A third child in central Scotland has been admitted to a hospital with suspected botulism. The child was a sibling of the other two being treated for the illness, which has been linked to a brand of korma sauce. At present, health officials believe only one jar of the sauce was contaminated. The Food Standards Agency has warned people not to consume jars of Loyd Grossman korma sauce in 350g jars with a best-before date of February 2013. The batch code is: 1218R.

UK, Scotland- BOTULISM linked to curry sauce
13 Nov 2011
Health Protection Agency [edited] [ProMed]
http://www.hpa.org.uk/NewsCentre/NationalPressReleases/2011PressReleases/111113botulism/
Preliminary tests carried out by the Health Protection Agency (HPA) have identified the toxin that causes botulism from a used jar of curry sauce. The Food Standards Agency (FSA) is advising consumers who have purchased the particular batch of the product to dispose of it and not to consume it. A full recall of this product batch has been issued, and the sauce is being removed from shop shelves. This follows 2 cases of botulism in one family in Scotland where the contaminated jar of sauce was discovered. No further cases have been identified to date.

EU- 55 sick with salmonella from tomatoes
8 Nov. 2011
Barfblog [edited] [BITES]
http://www.barfblog.com/blog/151320/11/11/08/55-sick-salmonella-tomatoes-eu
Denmark’s Statens Serum Institute has been investigating an outbreak caused by Salmonella Strathcona. This serotype has not previously been detected in Denmark, and it has never before been recognized as the source of an outbreak. The outbreak included a total of 40 culture confirmed cases registered in the Danish National Laboratory Surveillance System. Small, tomatoes have been found to be the source of the infections. The tomatoes, deriving from a producer in southern Italy, have primarily been sold from one supermarket chain. The tomatoes are no longer available from the supermarket chain, and the outbreak has most likely now stopped. Tomatoes have not before been recognized as the source of salmonella outbreaks in Denmark, however, the U.S. has seen several foodborne outbreaks associated with contaminated tomatoes.
Related Story:
EU- SALMONELLOSIS, SEROTYPE STRATHCONA - EUROPE: (DENMARK, GERMANY, AUSTRIA): IMPORTED ITALIAN TOMATOES
5 Nov 2011
Statens Serum Institut [edited] [ProMed]
http://www.ssi.dk/English/News/News/2011/Salm%20imported%20tomatoes.aspx
The Statens Serum Institute has been investigating a salmonellosis outbreak of a rare serotype, Salmonella Strathcona. This serotype has not previously been detected in Denmark, and it has never before been recognized as the source of an outbreak. The outbreak included a total of 40 culture confirmed cases registered in the Danish National Laboratory Surveillance System. Small, elongated tomatoes of the type datterino have been found to be the source of the infections. The tomatoes, deriving from a producer in southern Italy, have primarily been sold from one supermarket chain.
Tomatoes have not before been recognized as the source of salmonella outbreaks in Denmark, however, the USA has seen several food borne outbreaks associated with contaminated tomatoes.

Norway- 46 sick with Shigella from imported fresh basil
03 Nov. 2011
Barfblog [edited] [BITES]
http://www.barfblog.com/blog/151265/11/11/03/46-sick-shigella-imported-fresh-basil-norway
Eurosurveillance reports today an outbreak of Shigella in Norway that sickened at least 46 people. Two municipalities were involved. A large cluster (42 cases) was concentrated in north Norway, while a small cluster (4 cases) occurred in the south-east region. Epidemiological evidence and traceback investigations have linked the outbreak to the consumption of imported fresh basil.

Finland, Italy- BOTULISM, JARRED OLIVES
1 Nov 2011
FDA [edited] [ProMed]
http://www.fda.gov/Safety/Recalls/ucm278254.htm
Bio Gaudiano Organic Olives Stuffed with Almonds, all sizes (glass
jars and cans) and all lots are being recalled because it has the potential to be contaminated with Clostridium botulinum, a bacterium which can cause life-threatening illness or death. Two adults hospitalized in Finland were diagnosed with botulism after consuming these products.
Related stories:
Ireland- Organic Olives stuffed with Almonds withdrawn as a precaution due to botulism
29 Oct. 2011
FSAI [edited] [BITES]
http://www.fsai.ie/gaudiano_olives.html
Olives produced in Italy were withdrawn from sale following the death of a person in Finland and a second person ill with botulism. Both people reported having eaten Gaudiano Organic Olives Stuffed with Almonds. Laboratory tests confirmed that the jar from which they had eaten the olives contained botulinum toxin. No cases of botulism have been reported in Ireland linked to this product. Consumers who purchased Gaudiano Organic Olives Stuffed with Almonds (Product of Italy), should not consume them and instead dispose of them.
Finland- BOTULISM from JARRED OLIVES, INTERNATIONAL ALERT
24 Oct 2011
eFoodAlert [edited] [ProMed]
http://efoodalert.wordpress.com/2011/10/24/botulism-alert-finland-germany-united-kingdom-and-usa/
Italian olives tainted with botulinum toxin sickened 2 members of a Helsinki family last week [week of 17 Oct 2011]. Both individuals reported having eaten Gaudiano Organic Olives Stuffed with Almonds. The tainted olives were packed in 314 ml glass jars, with a "best before" date of 09/2012. The olives have been withdrawn from sale in Finland, and consumers who purchased this product are asked to return it to the store. Germany's Federal Office for Consumer Protection and Food Safety has learned that some of these olives also were distributed in Germany, and is asking its citizens to dispose of any of the implicated jars of olives.

Russia- TRICHINELLOSIS
19 Oct 2011
Altapress.ru [edited] [ProMed]
http://altapress.ru/story/74430/
The regional surveillance authority has reported 4 trichinellosis cases in the Altay Republic, 3 cases from Ulaganskiy district and 1 from Gorno-Altaysk city. There have been outbreaks in Russia before, for example, in 1985, 26 people out of 96 who had eaten the meat of a brown bear became infected. The last outbreak happened in 2010 when 9 people out of 56 became infected after eating smoked bear meat.

UK- E. coli hits city school
23 Oct. 2011
Lep.co.uk [edited] [BITES]
http://www.lep.co.uk/community/education_2_1891/e_coli_hits_city_school_1_3900275
Students and teachers were told to stay away from a primary school after four cases of E.coli in the city. Around 60 young students, along with six members of staff, were kept away from lessons while they were all tested for the bacteria. It has been confirmed that two students were diagnosed with different strains of the O157 infection. Investigations are on-going into the source of the bug which can be spread by contact with animals or infected meat, and also from person-to-person.

Sweden- Scombroid poisoning from tuna at restaurant
21 Oct. 2011
Stockholm News [edited] [ProMed]
http://www.stockholmnews.com/more.aspx?NID=7943
On the 7th of Oct., 2011 a restaurant in central Stockholm informed Stockholm City’s health administration and the Institute for Infectious Disease Control that several lunch guests had reported suspected food poisoning after eating tuna fish. According to the Swedish Institute for Infectious Disease Control, around 100 people had been served tuna at the restaurant and they received 20 reports of food poisoning. The Institute for Infectious Control suspects that the fish may have contained histamine, a substance which can take form in fish that is kept too warm after being caught. When the fish is cooked the bacteria die, but the histamine survives and can cause an allergy-like reaction.

UK- Campylobacteriosis in school children
21 Oct. 2011
Isle of Wight County Press [edited] [ProMed]
http://www.iwcp.co.uk/news/news/food-poisoning-hits-town-41281.aspx
A public health investigation has been launched following an outbreak of food poisoning among children. The outbreak has caused 30 school age children to become sick over the past 2 weeks by a common cause of food poisoning, campylobacter. Symptoms include vomiting, diarrhea, and stomach pains, which can last for up to 5 days. The source of the outbreak has not been confirmed, but is subject to an ongoing investigation by the Isle of Wight Council and the Health Protection Agency [HPA].

UK- Six E. coli cases at a nursery
20 Oct. 2011
BBC News [edited] [BITES]
http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-wales-north-west-wales-15393701
Three new cases of E. coli have been confirmed in an outbreak at a children's nursery, taking the total number to six. A Nursery in Amlwch was closed as a precaution last Thursday. So far 58 people have been tested with tests being offered to anyone associated with the nursery. Investigations into the source of the outbreak are ongoing and it has been difficult to identify a definitive source in the outbreak because the bug is so easily spread between young children.

Germany- Foodborne illness in military troops stationed in Afghanistan
13 Oct 2011
Deutsche Presse-Agentur [edited]
http://www.monstersandcritics.com/news/health/news/article_1668684.php/Food-poisoning-hits-NATO-base-in-northern-Afghanistan
Food poisoning has sickened 206 NATO soldiers who ate in a German army canteen in northern Afghanistan. The 138 Germans and 68 military from other nations quickly recovered from the symptoms. All ill persons had eaten on Wednesday, 12 Oct. 2011, at the canteen. The kitchen was disinfected and preparation of meals resumed there on Thursday, 13 Oct 2011. Army scientists were still hunting for the source of the infection.

Spain- Suspected Salmonella outbreak at Wedding
17 Oct. 2011
Barfblog [edited] [BITES]
http://barfblog.com/blog/150966/11/10/17/spanish-wedding-crashed-suspected-salmonella-outbreak
Over 100 attendees of a wedding in Osuna (Seville) Spain earlier this month came down with symptoms of salmonellosis. One guest was hospitalized. The results of the epidemiological investigation confirmed that the hospitalization was due to an infection by salmonella. Persons affected at the wedding had high fevers, vomiting and diarrhea.

UK- E. COLI O157 in leeks and potatoes
30 Sep 2011
The Guardian [edited] [ProMed]
<http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2011/sep/30/ecoli-outbreak-uk-250-ill>
An 8 month long E. coli O157 outbreak across the UK left 250 people ill and one dead, but was not publicized at the time because its origins were unknown according to health officials. The infection was ultimately linked to people handling raw leeks and potatoes in their homes according to the Health Protection Agency (HPA). Illnesses began in December 2010 and continued until July 2011. In total 250 victims, 100 of them under 16, were sick with vomiting and diarrhea. Of those, 74 needed hospital treatment, including 4 who developed hemolytic-uremic syndrome. One unnamed patient, who the HPA said had underlying health problems, died.

UK- 100 hotel guests and staff ill from norovirus outbreak
30 Sep. 2011
news.scotsman.com [edited] [BITES]
http://news.scotsman.com/edinburgh/100-hotel-guests-and-staff.6845177.jp
Guests were told to stay in their rooms following a suspected outbreak of norovirus in a capital hotel. About 100 guests and staff at the hotel are believed to have contracted the illness last week. Health officials were called after guests showed symptoms of vomiting and diarrhea.

Finland- 11 sick with salmonella from same restaurant
22 Sep. 2011
Barfblog [edited] [BITES]
http://barfblog.foodsafety.ksu.edu/blog/150559/11/09/22/11-sick-salmonella-same-restaurant-finland
Health officials have confirmed that 11 individuals who visited the a lunch restaurant in Finland have contracted Salmonella Oranienburg. The owner of the restaurant stated that he is waiting for the results of the studies by the health authorities.

France- Warning on botulism outbreak
08 Sep. 2011
Food Standards Agency [edited] [BITES]
The Food Standards Agency is warning people not to consume certain branded foods that have been linked to an outbreak of botulism in France. Botulism is a rare but serious illness that causes muscle weakness and breathing problems, and can be fatal.
The pastes and spread affected are not distributed in the UK but may have been bought in France or off the Internet. The pastes or spreads are made with olives, basil, sun-dried tomatoes, bell-peppers, anchovies, tuna, chickpeas, artichokes and aubergines. These products have been withdrawn from sale in France. Eight adults, five from Vaucluse in southern France and three from the Somme district in the north of the country have become ill after eating these pastes and the products have all tested positive for botulism.

UK- 11 sick after meal at racetrack
24 Aug. 2011
Barfblog [edited] [BITES]
Health chiefs are investigating a possible food poisoning incident after 11 people fell ill at a racecourse. Three people needed hospital treatment after visiting a racecourse in South Lanarkshire on Monday. They have since been discharged and are recovering well. The initial investigation suggests that the illnesses were due to the food they ate.

Spain- Salmonellosis outbreak, possibly due to restaurant food
23 Aug. 2011
La Opinion [edited] [BITES]
The Health Department of the Canary Islands has reported 18 cases of salmonellosis. Seven cases are still hospitalized. Following some preliminary investigations by the Health Department, the infection might be connected to a neighborhood cafeteria. One of the affected individuals said that some of those affected ate a dish made with chicken. The Health Department stressed the importance of food and personal hygiene during the summer months, not only in catering establishments but also when cooking at home.

Spain- Foodborne Illnesses at youth conference
15 Aug 2011
Granada Digital, Europa Press (EP) report [edited] [ProMed]
The Andalusian Health Ministry has cited poor maintenance of food as a possible cause of food poisoning that has affected 76 young Italian children who are members of a group attending an event. It is thought that the tuna, mayonnaise, and egg sandwiches were not handled or kept safely.

UK- Salmonellosis
16 Aug 2011
Source: The Poultry Site [edited]
A multi-agency investigation is continuing after a link has been established between a batch of imported eggs and an outbreak of Salmonella enteritidis Phage Type (PT) 14b infection in England and Wales. There have been 221 cases this infection since the beginning of 2011. It is believed that the contaminated eggs had come from a specific shed on a single farm in Spain. No eggs with the implicated batch number have been imported to the UK since the end of June 2011.

UK- 221 sick from salmonella in eggs linked to Spanish farm
13 Aug. 2011
Barfblog [edited] [BITES]
The U.K. Health Protection Agency reports a link has been established between a batch of imported eggs and an outbreak of Salmonella enteritidis infection in England and Wales. Two hundred and twenty-one cases have been reported since the beginning of this year, the majority of cases being in North West England. It has been reported the strain of Salmonella enteritidis PT 14b taken from human cases was indistinguishable from samples of a small number of eggs with the same batch number. The eggs had come from a specific farm in Spain.

UK- E. COLI O157 Outbreak linked to Kebabs
13 Aug 2011
Wales Online [edited] [ProMed]
The number of E. coli cases in an outbreak in South Wales has risen to 7 after 2 more cases were confirmed by Public Health Wales. The suspected restaurant remains closed.

UK- Cardiff restaurant closed after E. coliO157 leaves 1 in hospital, 4 others sick
12 Aug. 2011
Barfblog [edited] [BITES]
A city kebab house has been closed following an outbreak of E.coli affecting five people, one of who has been hospitalized. The restaurant in Cardiff has been closed while investigations were carried out.

France- Mushroom poisoning
9 Aug 2011
Connexion France [edited] [ProMed]
Hospitals in the south west of France have reported a growing number of poisoning cases from people who have picked inedible mushrooms. Health authorities stated that many of the people affected are tourists. About 30 cases of poisoning have been reported. Symptoms include abdominal pain, vomiting, and diarrhea.

Armenia- 27 people poisoned by canned food in 2011

09 Aug. 2011
News.am [edited] [BITES]
Sixteen cases of botulism were reported in 2011, which affected 27 people. Three people died as a result of poisoning according to the Head of Food Safety Division of State Hygienic and Anti-Epidemiological Inspectorate of Armenian Ministry of Health.
It was stressed that the main sources of poisoning are homemade canned red peppers, eggplant caviar and tomatoes.

Turkey- Foodborne Illness in Russian Tourists
27 Jul 2011
Channel 6 News [edited] [ProMed]
Almost 100 Russian tourists received medical assistance after suspected food poisoning in a Turkish resort city. According to a Russian tourist watchdog, 98 tourists have been affected and 8 remained in the hospital. Samples of the hotel's food and drinks have been taken. Five Russian tourists died in a Turkish port city in late May 2011 after drinking bootleg whiskey on a sailing trip organized by a local company.

Turkey- Almost 100 tourists poisoned
27 July 2011
RIA Novosti [edited] [BITES]
Almost 100 Russian tourists have received medical assistance after suspected food poisoning in a Turkish resort city. The tourists were all staying at a hotel. Turkish health officials have taken samples of the hotel's food and drinks.

France- Gastroenteritis in Children
23 Jul 2011
France 3 TV, Agence France-Presse report [edited] [ProMed]
An outbreak of gastroenteritis sicken 52 children and 2 supervisors of a holiday resort with a total of 125 people affected. It has been reported that 11 children have been hospitalized with the following symptoms: abdominal pain, vomiting, nausea and diarrhea.

Bulgaria- Forty-seven children at camp get food poisoning
15 July 2011
The Sofia Echo [edited] [BITES]
Forty-seven children staying at a camp in a Bulgarian Black Sea resort have sought medical attention for suspected food poisoning. The children have a gastrointestinal disorder, fever and vomiting. Inspectors went to the camp and ordered the destruction of food.

Russia- 78 children hospitalized with food poisoning
13 July 2011
Aysor [edited] [BITES]
Seventy-eight children were taken to hospital on July 12th with signs of food poisoning, according to the Ukrainian Ministry of Emergency Situations. Samples of food have been taken for laboratory analysis.

EU- E. COLI O104 FINAL UPDATE
27 Jul 2011
ECDC [edited] [ProMed]
In the EU/EEA, 2 non-HUS [hemolytic uremic syndrome] STEC cases were reported to have fallen ill within the last 10 days (17 Jul-26 Jul 2011), all in Germany. These are 2 probable cases, not yet confirmed as STEC O104. The last known date of illness onset in a patient with confirmed STEC O104 was 7 July 2011. The last reported date of illness onset among all cases was 17 July 2011.
As of 27 July 2011, the cumulative number of confirmed STEC cases in the EU/EEA is 941. This includes 264 HUS STEC cases and 677 non-HUS STEC cases. Additionally, there are 518 probable HUS STEC and 2451 probable non-HUS STEC cases, with no confirmation of STEC O104 at present time. In total, in the EU, 46 persons have died of confirmed or probable STEC infection. Of these, 29 were HUS STEC cases and 17 were non-HUS STEC cases.

Western Pacific: Food Safety Studies

CaitlinCatella — Thu, 02 Feb 2012 09:31:19 CST

Philippines- German agency warns against street foods
27 Jan. 2012
Minda News [edited] [BITES]
http://www.mindanews.com/top-stories/2012/01/27/dost-german-agency-warn-against-street-foods-in-davao/
The Department of Science and Technology (DOST), in a joint study with a German non-profit organization, has discovered that most of the samples taken from the street foods sold in a city in the Philippines at the urban center are unsafe. It was found that the street foods are contained salmonella and E. coli bacteria based on the initial results of the study. At present, the study is still ongoing and the results would be finalized by next month. The team has surveyed 120 street food vendors in areas near the schools in San Pedro, Bankerohan and Bolton streets.

Japan- Scientists Estimate Radiation Doses To Wildlife Near Fukushima
2 June 2011
Chemical & Engineering News [edited] [CAHFS DailyNews]
Two months after a magnitude 9.0 earthquake triggered a nuclear crisis in Japan, French scientists have reported that wildlife near the power plant may have received radiation doses exceeding safe levels for certain sensitive species. The analysis is the first assessment of the ecological consequences from the nuclear disaster. To estimate how leaking radiation at Fukushima affected animals and plants, the team analyzed data collected from a village, located about 20 miles northwest of the plant, where some of the highest radiation levels were detected. The researchers calculated that dose rates among plants, birds, rodents, and soil invertebrates ranged from 2 to 20 mGy/day (80 times greater than the threshold dose). Marine doses were found to be even higher.

Japan- Molecular Epidemiological Investigation of a Diffuse Outbreak Caused by Salmonella enterica Serotype Montevideo Isolates
25 May 2011
Foodborne Pathogens and Disease [edited] [BITES]
Three foodborne outbreaks were caused by Salmonella enterica serotype Montevideo between September 2007 and May 2008. Also, Salmonella Montevideo was isolated from several sporadic diarrhea patients and asymptomatic carriers examined during same time period. To investigate the relatedness of the isolates, researchers performed antimicrobial susceptibility testing, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) analysis, and multiple-locus variable-number tandem repeat (VNTR) analysis (MLVA) for 29 Salmonella Montevideo isolates obtained in this region between 1991 and 2008.

China- Review of foodborne zoonoses
25 May 2011
Epidemiology and Infection [edited] [BITES]
Foodborne zoonoses have a major impact on public health in China. Both emerging and re-emerging foodborne zoonoses have attracted increasing national and international attention in recent years. The report reviews the main foodborne zoonoses that have had a major impact on public health over the last 20 years in China.

Australia- Raw eggs blamed for increase in Australian salmonella cases
18 May 2011
Barfblog [edited] [BITES]
Between 2001 and 2008, the number of Australians sickened by egg-related salmonella outbreaks rose from 96 to 753. The rate fell to 358 in 2009, but eggs are still responsible for more than a third of all foodborne outbreaks linked to the pathogen. The Sydney Morning Herald reported that based on records, the increased could be traced to lax food safety practices, inadequate farm regulations and the power of retailers to influence food laws. Restaurants are responsible for most of the poisonings (40%), and while cooking will kill salmonella, restaurants are allowed to serve foods containing raw eggs (including chocolate mousse, tiramisu, hollandaise sauce, and aolis). A risk assessment commissioned by the Australian Egg Corporation in 2004 found refrigerating eggs could reduce outbreaks of salmonella. The lead author of the report stated that salmonella cannot grow in temperatures below seven degrees, and refrigeration reduces the breakdown of protective membranes inside the egg that stop the bacteria's growth. Despite this research, last month, the Food Standards Australia New Zealand (FSANZ) introduced changes to the food standards code, omitting any regulations related to temperature control.

Vietnam- Lead contamination found in food
03 May 2011
Asia One [edited] [BITES]
Food samples recently taken from four major markets revealed that they were contaminated with lead. Doctors and experts from the National Institute of Nutrition carried out the research from March 2009 to March 2010 on 12 kinds of common food including: water morning glory, rice, pork, beef, chicken, shrimp, oranges, mandarins, tomato, eggs, and powdered and fresh milk. According to tests on the samples, water morning glory and pork led the list of food with lead contamination with five out of eight samples affected. Meanwhile, five out of 12 samples of rice were affected with lead, and one quarter of shrimp, orange and mandarin samples were contaminated.

Vietnam- Women's role in food safety crucial
03 March 2011
Viet Nam News [edited] [BITES]
Women hold key roles in agricultural production, but may lack information on food quality and safety. A representative of the Viet Nam Women's Union reported that in a recent survey it was found that women are primarily responsible for spraying pesticides (60.4 percent were women but only 24 percent were men) and for harvesting and selling farm products (almost 80 percent were women while only about 6 percent were men) with the rest of the workers being children or the elderly. In 2008, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development (MARD) hosted a five-year program titled, Role of Women in Producing and Trading Safe Agricultural Products, to promote women's awareness.

New Zealand- Source attribution of nontyphoid Salmonellosis using outbreak surveillance data
25 Feb. 2011
Journal of Food Protection [edited] [BITES]
In the study, 204 New Zealand outbreaks of nontyphoid salmonellosis reported between 2000 and 2009 were analyzed for information on the sources of human infection. Data were extracted from the outbreak module of EpiSurv, New Zealand's notifiable diseases database, and augmented with information from individual case reports and separate investigation reports. The outbreaks involved 1,426 cases, representing an estimated 9% of the total salmonellosis cases reported for the study period. Salmonella Typhimurium was the causative serotype in 78% of 172 outbreaks for which a serotype was available, involving 71% of outbreak cases. The most commonly reported outbreak setting was the home (47% of outbreaks), followed by commercial food operations (31%). Foodborne transmission was reported for 63% of the 123 outbreaks for which only one mode of transmission was reported, followed by person-to-person transmission (32%), waterborne transmission (3%), and zoonotic transmission (2%). The results of this analysis support the hypothesis that nontyphoid salmonellosis is primarily a foodborne disease in New Zealand, but there is insufficient evidence to confirm important food vehicles.

New Zealand- Foodborne illness does not come cheap
10 Feb. 2011
NZFSA [BITES]
A new study has put the economic cost of the major foodborne infections in New Zealand (for 2009) at $162 million, which is almost twice the figure calculated five years ago. The increase is not due to more illness, but more reliable estimates of economic cost. The study calculated the total cost to New Zealand society from illness caused by foodborne Campylobacter, Salmonella, Listeria, E. coli, Yersinia and norovirus in 2009. It takes into account costs to government of regulation and surveillance, business implications and costs, treatment costs, household costs, and costs associated with lost days of work. According to a researcher, this finding paints a picture that foodborne illness isn’t trivial. Having reliable estimates of both the incidence of foodborne illness and its financial impact are crucial for deciding where to best concentrate effort, time and money in combating foodborne illness.

Korea- Assessment of microbial contamination levels of street-vended foods in Korea
08 Feb. 2011
Journal of Food Safety [edited] [BITES]
This study was conducted to evaluate the microbial quality of street-vended foods in Korea. Staphylococcus aureus (SA) and Escherichia coli (EC) were detected in 9% (mean value: 3.75 ± 0.56 log cfu/g) and 3% (mean value: 2.33 ± 0.90 log cfu/g) of 326 examined samples, respectively. Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Salmonella spp. and Listeria monocytogenes were not detected. More than 50% of the isolated SA were found to be enterotoxin producers and these organisms primarily possessed type A toxin genes. Conversely, verocytotoxin-producing EC were not detected. Accurate and up-to-date data for microbiological contamination of ready-to-eat foods are necessary for consumer protection to improve sanitary conditions in food processing plants. Known contamination levels can be used by administrators to establish national regulations for the control of foodborne diseases.

Japan- Prevalence of Salmonella isolates and antimicrobial resistance patterns in chicken meat throughout Japan
3 Feb. 2011
Journal of Food Protection [edited] [BITES]
Researchers investigated the prevalence of Salmonella in chicken meat from northern, central, and southern Japan. Between 2006 and 2008, 821 samples from these three regions were collected and examined. Resistance to oxytetracycline was most common (72.6%), followed by dihydrostreptomycin (69.2%) and bicozamycin (49.1%). This study, the first to report Salmonella prevalence in chicken meat throughout Japan, could provide valuable data for monitoring and controlling Salmonella infection in the future.

Australia- Antimicrobial resistance and virulence in pig E. coli isolates
3 Feb. 2011
Vetsweb [edited] [BITES]
Antimicrobial resistance and virulence genes in multi-drug resistant enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli isolates were studied. A total of 117 isolates - collected from porcine post-weaning diarrhoea cases in Australia, between 1999 and 2005 - were serotyped, antibiogram-phenotyped for 12 antimicrobial agents and genotyped by PCR for 30 plasmid-mediated antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs), 22 intestinal and 38 extraintestinal E. coli virulence genes (VGs).

China- Majority of Chinese Not Confident in Food Safety
7 Jan. 2011
Foodsafetynews.com [edited] [CAHFS-DailyNews]
Almost 70% of the Chinese public are not confident about the safety of the country's food supply, according to a recent national survey. The results of the survey did not bode well for a government trying to boost consumer and trading partner confidence amidst a slew of high-profile food safety scandals, from melamine-tainted dairy to chemical-laced hot pot soups. More than half of the survey's respondents believed that government management and surveillance should be further improved to properly protect people from unsafe food.

Japan- Properties of metabolic substances produced by group A streptococcus from a food-borne epidemic
03 Jan. 2011
Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy [edited] [BITES]
A large food poisoning outbreak by Streptococcus pyogenes occurred in Kanagawa, Japan, in July 2005. The study compares cases of type T-B3264 (Chiba) and type T-28 (Tokyo) reported to date and studies the properties and activity of the major virulence factors produced by Streptococcus pyogenes type T-25 (Kanagawa): hemolysin, cysteine protease streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin B (SpeB), and NAD glycohydrolase (NADase). The results of the research suggest that the three strains have diverse properties and activities of major virulence factors. The specific interactions of these virulence factors are thought to be involved in the pathosis of these strains.

Latin America: Food/Water Borne Illness Outbreaks

CaitlinCatella — Thu, 02 Feb 2012 09:30:38 CST

Cayman Islands- Foodborne Illness linked to Food Festival and Staphylococcal
30 Jan 2012
Cayman News Service [edited] [ProMed]
http://www.caymannewsservice.com/health/2012/01/30/food-poisoning-outbreak-taste-cayman
Government officials have confirmed that at least 20 people may have been affected by food poisoning after attending an event at Camana Bay on Saturday evening (28th of Jan. 2012). Patients began arriving at the hospital after attending the food festival complaining of diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, and abdominal cramps. Based on the symptoms, it is thought that the illnesses might be due to staphylococcal infection, an organism that is prevalent and produces toxin. Tests might be done on leftover suspected food from the festival (there were over 43 food vendors). Most of the patients recovered quickly and were released from hospital without any further adverse consequences.

El Salvador- Viral gastroenteritis, rotavirus
19 Jan 2012
SDPnoticias.com[edited] [ProMed]
http://sdpnoticias.com/nota/282338/Aumentan_consultas_por_diarrea_y_rotavius_en_El_Salvador
The Ministry of Health of El Salvador reported an increase in gastrointestinal diseases and rotavirus infections in the 1st week of January 2012, totaling 11,521 cases. The increase has been attributed to Salvadorans drinking contaminated water, the lack of hand washing, and the dry season. Rotavirus infection, which includes symptoms like vomiting and diarrhea, effect children under 5 years old.

Colombia- Poisoning, fatal, fermented drink

15 Jan 2012

Caracol Radio [edited] [ProMed]

http://www.caracol.com.co/noticias/regional/un-indigena-muerto-y-al-menos-10-mas-graves-deja-intoxicacion-con-chicha-en-calamar-guaviare/20120115/nota/1606808.aspx

There was a mass poisoning among a group living in the Colombian Amazon after they drank "chicha" [a homemade fermented drink]. One person died and 10 more are in critical condition. The incident occurred in a village located 4 hours from the urban center of the municipality of Calamar. According to information provided by the mayor, the settlement leader reported that apparently the situation resulted from chicha prepared with bananas that had been sprayed.

Haiti- Cholera, diarrhea, dysentery update
11 Jan 2012
Operational Biosurveillance [edited] [ProMed]
http://biosurveillance.typepad.com/haiti_operational_biosurv/2012/01/erupt=ion-of-new-cholera-activity-in-pestel-haiti.html
On January 5, 2012, the Haiti Epidemic Advisory System (HEAS) came out with reports of approximately 200 cases of cholera and 17 fatalities in Pestel (an extremely remote area of Haiti). Other reports have said that there may be as many as 300 cases of cholera.

Argentina- Brucellosis
21 Dec 2011
Eldiariodelfindelundo.com [edited] [ProMed]
http://www.eldiariodelfindelmundo.com/noticias/leer/40248/destacan-acciones-articuladas-ante-brote-de-brucelosis-en-rio-grande.html
Health authorities are working with municipalities to develop outbreak control strategies for responding to brucellosis cases that have been reported in Margen Sur de Rio Grande community. The head of the Epidemiology and Health Information in the Ministry of Health reported that they are collaborating with the National Direction of Epidemiology and the Pan American Health Organization (along with other organizations) on a study next year [2012] for measuring the prevalence of brucellosis in dogs, since the transmission (of brucellosis from dogs) is quite unusual in humans. In June 2011, a case of brucellosis was diagnosed in a 2-year old girl and the causative agent was identified as Brucella canis. It’s been stated that this is a microorganism that rarely causes disease in humans, and most cases of brucellosis in humans are caused by Brucella species, whose reservoir is cattle - usually a foodborne disease. The mother of the ill child also became infected. Researchers are taking into account the unusual pattern of transmission and decided to study possible human contacts and 97 dogs in the surrounding areas in the community. Researchers found that 29 of 97 dogs tested were positive for Brucella canis.

Brazil- Brazilian soccer great, dies from food poisoning
04 Dec. 2011
Barfblog [edited] [BITES]
http://www.barfblog.com/blog/151756/11/12/04/socrates-brazilian-soccer-great-dies-food-poisoning-57
A legendary Brazilian soccer captain died Sunday at the age of 57 after suffering an intestinal infection. The star of the 1982 World Cup was rushed to a hospital late Thursday after suffering food poisoning and was reported to be in critical condition. The soccer legend’s wife and a friend also got sick after eating the stroganoff, but survived the illness.

Chile- TRICHINELLOSIS
22 Nov 2011
biobiochile.cl [edited] [ProMed]
http://www.biobiochile.cl/2011/11/19/seremi-de-salud-de-los-rios-confirma-caso-de-triquinosis-en-la-comuna-de-la-union.shtml
There have been cases of trichinellosis reported. A local health care officer emphasized the recommendation to use meat and pork only from well-recognized sources, and in case these foods are from animals locally slaughtered, they must be analyzed by a veterinary in order to rule out the presence of the parasite by means of a test called trichinoscopy, so that any health risk may be avoided.

Brazil- Toxoplasmosis
3 Oct 2011
Cicuito, Mato Grosso [edited] [ProMed]
<http://www.circuitomt.com.br/editorias/cidades/5863-vigilancia-sanitaria-apura-surto-de-toxoplasmose.html>
An outbreak, with 30 cases reported, placed teams of health surveillance and combat endemic diseases on alert. So far, 18 cases were confirmed by laboratory tests. The other cases are still being investigated. Pregnant women are the people who most need to be careful.

Haiti- UN: 500,000 Haiti cholera cases likely by year end
26 Oct. 2011
WHO [edited] [CAHFS-DailyNews]
http://www.who.int/hac/crises/hti/en/
The World Health Organization (WHO) says the number of cholera cases in Haiti is expected to exceed 500,000 by the end of 2011. The U.N. health agency reports that 470,000 cases and 6,600 deaths have so far been recorded. WHO is examining whether a large-scale cholera vaccination campaign is possible in Haiti.

Food Safety Studies

CaitlinCatella — Thu, 02 Feb 2012 09:29:33 CST

Study shows Global Food Safety Initiative (GFSI) results in improved food safety for consumers
30 Jan. 2012
GFSI [edited] [BITES]
http://www.myforumupload.com/ftpaccess/foodsafety/GFSI_Press_Release_30_01_12.pdf
The Global Food Safety Initiative (GFSI), managed by The Consumer Goods Forum, announced today that a recent study conducted by the University of Arkansas shows that food manufacturers who achieve certification on one of the Global Food Safety Initiative (GFSI) internationally recognized benchmarked schemes strengthen their food safety programs resulting in safer food for consumers.

FAO Report- Climate Change: Implications for Food Safety

Jan. 2012

http://www.fao.org/ag/agn/agns/files/HLC1_Climate_Change_and_Food_Safety.pdf

The paper aims to identify potential impacts of anticipated changes in climate on food safetyand their control at all stages of the food chain. The purpose is to raise awareness of the issueand to facilitate international cooperation in better understanding the changing food safetysituation and in developing and implementing strategies to address them. While this paper takes a broad look at a number of food safety issues and considers possibleimplications of climate change – it does not provide exhaustive treatment of the topic. Thefood safety issues covered include: agents of food-borne disease with specific considerationof zoonotic diseases, mycotoxin contamination, biotoxins in fishery products andenvironmental contaminants with significance to the food chain. The paper also highlights theneed for adequate attention to food safety in ensuring preparedness for effective managementof emergency situations arising from extreme weather events. There is much uncertaintyabout possible food safety implications of climate change. This paper discusses someexpected effects that are supported by data; it also considers other issues that are largelyspeculative.

World's largest food safety lab opens doors in FRANCE
28 Sept. 2011
Worldcrunch [edited] [BITES]
http://www.worldcrunch.com/worlds-largest-food-safety-lab-opens-doors-france/3843
The E. coli crisis that killed 52 people in Germany last spring has now been followed by a deadly outbreak of listeria in cantaloupe in the United States that has killed 13 people so far. The risks of tainted food – and the ability to rapidly and accurately identify the source of contamination – is a hot topic. It is timely that the world’s largest independent laboratory specializing in microbial testing of foods will be located in the western French city of Nantes. The new lab specializes in the analysis of bacteria found in foods, including listeria, salmonella, E. coli, and staphylococci. The new lab unit will culture more than 10,000 petri dishes with microbes daily, offering its clients a choice of three different types of methods. The challenge of locating the exact origin of contaminated food was highlighted during the E. coli crisis that broke out in northern Germany in May. With growing global trade, the risk of food contamination with emerging microbiological pathogens increases, threatening not only public health, but also the food industry’s bottom line.

Emerging antibiotic-resistant Salmonella strain sparks concern
4 Aug. 2011
CIDRAP [edited] [CAHFS DailyNews]
An international team of researchers report that a strain of Salmonella that is resistant to important antibiotics has spread from Africa to Europe in recent years and has been detected in samples of imported spices in the United States. The study was triggered by the detection of ciprofloxacin-resistant Salmonella Kentucky infections in 17 French travelers who had visited eastern or northeastern Africa between 2002 and 2005. The researchers gathered Salmonella surveillance data from France, England and Wales, Denmark, and the United States. The current emergence of this strain highlights the need to set up a global integrated national surveillance system.

Cutting food waste to feed the world
11 May 2011
FAO [edited] [CAHFS-DailyNews]
Roughly one third of the food produced in the world for human consumption every year (approximately 1.3 billion tones) gets lost or wasted, according to a Food and Agriculture Organization study. The document, “Global Food Losses and Food Waste” was commissioned by FAO from the Swedish Institute for Food and Biotechnology for Save Food! The report distinguishes between food loss and food waste.

Toxoplasma in animals, food, and humans: An old parasite of new concern
12 April 2011
Foodborne Pathogens and Disease [edited] [BITES]
All hosts, including humans, can be infected by any one of the three forms of the parasite Toxoplasma gondii that correspond to three morphological stages: tachyzoite, bradyzoite, and sporozoite form. Awareness needs to be increased that toxoplasmosis can induce clinical disease not only in immunocompromised patients or through congenital infections, but also in healthy patients. The review article aims to illustrate why toxoplasmosis should be regarded as a public health issue and how veterinary practitioners can contribute in controlling the infection.

Japan and South Korea- Water Safety Concerns
12 April 2011
BusinessWeek.com [edited] [CAHFS-DailyNews]
In South Korea, the carcasses of 9.7 million cattle, pigs and poultry were buried in mass graves across the frozen countryside after outbreaks of foot-and-mouth disease and bird- flu last winter. According to the Deputy Director of the National Veterinary Research and Quarantine Service graves were dug near rivers and on mountain slopes, and typically lined with sheets of vinyl. South Korea is monitoring more than 4,000 burial sites after repairing 417 to ensure pollutants are kept out of the water supply. About 3,000 tests from wells near animal graves have not revealed any groundwater contamination; however health officials are concerned this will change once the ground thaws.
In Tokyo, Japan there are concerns about radiation contamination in tap water from the damaged nuclear power plant. It has been reported that levels of iodine-131 found in Tokyo’s tap water on March 22 and March 23 exceeded the recommended limit for infants.

Ireland- Queen's University leads €3 million food safety project
23 March 2011
Queen’s University Belfast [edited] [BITES]
A €3 million (euros) research project to improve the safety of animal feeds and the entire European animal-based food chain, has been launched at Queen's University Belfast. The global QSAFFE project (Quality and Safety of Feeds and Food for Europe) will deliver better ways to ensure the quality and safety of animal feeds in Europe. It is led by Queen's Centre for Assured, Safe and Traceable Food (ASSET) and involves 11 partners from six countries (UK, Belgium, Holland, Czech Republic, Germany and China).

Moderate to severe flu pandemic could taint drinking water
02 March 2011
Eurekalert.org [edited] [CAHFS DailyNews]
Existing plans for antiviral and antibiotic use during a severe influenza pandemic could reduce wastewater treatment efficiency prior to discharge into receiving rivers, resulting in water quality deterioration at drinking water abstraction points. Conclusions are published in the journal Environmental Health Perspectives, which reports on a study designed to assess the ecotoxicologic risks of a pandemic influenza medical response. A team of UK, US, Italian, and Dutch researchers coupled a global spatial epidemic model that simulates the quantities of antiviral and antibiotic drugs used during a flu pandemic of varying severity with a water-quality model applied to the River Thames in southern England. They used the combined results to predict environmental drug concentrations then applied an additional model to assess environmental toxicity in wastewater treatment plants and rivers. The team concluded that a pandemic such as 2009 H1N1 would affect environmental drug levels negligibly. But they found that in a more severe pandemic, 80% to 100% of treatment plants would exceed the threshold for microbial growth inhibition, potentially reducing their capacity to treat wastewater. In addition, they predicted that 5% to 40% of the Thames would exceed key thresholds for environmental toxicity, which could then contaminate drinking water.

From barnyard to food table: The omnipresence of Hepatitis E virus and risk for zoonotic infection and food safety
11 Feb. 2011
Virus Research [edited] [BITES]
Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is an important but understudied pathogen. The mechanisms of HEV replication and pathogenesis are poorly understood, and a vaccine against HEV is not yet available. The identification and characterization of a number of animal strains of HEV from pigs, chickens, rabbits, rats, mongoose, deer, and possibly cattle and sheep have significantly broadened the host range and diversity of HEV. The demonstrated ability of cross-species infection by some animal strains of HEV raises public health concerns for zoonotic HEV infection. Pigs are a recognized reservoir for HEV, and pig handlers are at increased risk of zoonotic HEV infection. Sporadic cases of hepatitis E have been definitively linked to the consumption of raw or undercooked animal meats such as pig livers, sausages, and deer meats. The animal strains of HEV pose not only a zoonotic risk but also food and environmental safety concerns.

Weighing the benefits & risks of food: Introducing the BRAFO study
31 Dec. 2010
EUFIC [edited] [BITES]
How do you weigh the benefits and risks of food? Optimal nutrition plays an important role in disease prevention making the analysis of the benefits and risks of food imperative for public health. There exists a need for a common strategy for the assessment of food benefits and risks. Introducing BRAFO – Benefit-Risk Analysis of Foods – a European Commission Specific Support Action to investigate the benefit-risk analysis of foods. Coordinated by the International Life Sciences Institute (ILSI) Europe and funded by the European Commission, BRAFO seeks to develop a common framework for comparing health benefits and risks of food and food components (i.e., specific nutrients or chemicals). One of the goals is to create a stronger scientific base for communication of benefits and risks to policy makers, including appropriate expression of uncertainty throughout the European Union (EU).

New prion discovery reveals drug target for mad cow disease and related illnesses
1 Dec. 2010
Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology [edited] [BITES]
New research suggests that plasminogen, which helps break down blood clots, puts rogue prion proteins into overdrive, causing devastating brain diseases. The new report found that a protein our body uses to break up blood clots speeds up the progress of prion diseases. This substance, called plasminogen, is a new drug target for prion diseases in both humans and animals. According to the U.S. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, prion diseases are a related group of rare, fatal brain diseases that affect animals and humans. The diseases are characterized by certain misshapen protein molecules that appear in brain tissue. Normal forms of these prion protein molecules reside on the surface of many types of cells, including brain cells, but scientists do not understand what normal prion protein does. On the other hand, scientists believe that abnormal prion protein, which clumps together and accumulates in brain tissue, is the likely cause of the brain damage that occurs. Scientists do not have a good understanding of what causes the normal prion protein to take on the misshapen abnormal form. These proteins may be spread through certain types of contact with infected tissue, body fluids, and possibly, contaminated medical instruments.

More countries taking action to safeguard animal genetic diversity
29 Nov. 2010
FAO [edited] [CAHFS]
A growing number of countries are taking steps to catalogue, conserve and better manage the genetic diversity of livestock in order to help safeguard the resilience of the world's food production systems, according to an informal FAO survey. The signs of progress come three years after 191 countries adopted the Global Plan of Action for Animal Genetic Resources following an FAO warning that one livestock breed had been lost per month during the 2000-2007 period and that 20% of all livestock breeds were at risk of extinction. Ten countries report that they have established and are implementing national strategies for managing animal genetic resources.

Cockroaches: A contributing factor to foodborne disease
31 Oct. 2010
Quality Assurance & Food Safety [BITES]
Salmonella has been implicated in food recalls from peanut butter to dog food and, most recently, eggs. While the root cause of the recalls is often unsanitary conditions, such conditions and pests go hand in hand. In food and beverage processing plants, rodents tend to be the primary pest both introduced and controlled—sometimes to the neglect of other potential pest problems. According to a University of Nebraska-Lincoln publication cockroaches have been found to be the cause of life-threatening Salmonella food poisoning. The National Pest Management Association (NPMA) has published a white paper titled, ‘Pest Management in the Wake of the Peanut Corporation of America Salmonella Outbreak,’ including reference to conducive cockroach conditions at PCA at the time of the 2009 recall. Like all pests, and other living creatures, cockroaches seek three things for survival: food, water and shelter. And with the haven that a food or beverage plant provides for all of these, a cockroach will take any opportunity to enter and make your plant its home and your food area its literal stomping grounds.

The safe use of wastewater in agriculture offers multiple benefits
06 September 2010
FAO [edited] [bites]
Recycling urban wastewater and using it to grow food crops can help mitigate water scarcity problems and reduce water pollution, but the practice is not being as widely implemented as it should, according to a new FAO report. Use of reclaimed wastewater in agriculture has been reported in around 50 countries on what amounts to 10 percent of the world's irrigated land, according to "The Wealth of Waste: The Economics of Wastewater Use in Agriculture," published at the start of World Water Week. While on a global scale only a small proportion of treated wastewater is used for agriculture, the practice is winning increased attention worldwide and in a few countries with a high proportion of reclaimed water is used in irrigation.

Non-O157 shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli in foods
08 September 2010
Journal of Food Protection [edited] [BITES]
Non-O157 Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) strains have been linked to outbreaks and sporadic cases of illness worldwide. Illnesses linked to STEC serotypes other than O157:H7 appear to be on the rise worldwide, indicating that some of these organisms may be emerging pathogens. As more laboratories are testing for these organisms in clinical samples, more cases are uncovered. Results from several studies suggest that control measures for O157 may be effective for non-O157 STEC. More research is needed to uncover unique characteristics and resistances of non-O157 STEC strains if they exist.

Fluoroquinoline resistance in Campylobacter

01 Jun 2010
Journal of Food Protection®, Volume 73, Number 6, pp. 1141-1152(12) [edited][FSNet]
Campylobacter is a commensal in poultry, and therefore, poultry and poultry products are major sources of Campylobacter infections in humans. Fluoroquinolones inhibit the growth of Campylobacter and other microorganisms by binding to bacterial DNA gyrase and DNA topoisomerase IV. These enzymes are associated with bacterial transcription, replication, and chromosome condensation and segregation. Selection pressure in the presence of fluoroquinolones rapidly leads to resistance in Campylobacter, due to the selection for mutations in DNA gyrase. Fluoroquinolone-resistant campylobacters have been found in poultry feces and carcasses, and in retail poultry meat products in most areas of the world. In addition, other food animals and the meat products from those animals have been shown contaminated with fluoroquinolone-resistant campylobacters. Even the removal of fluoroquinolones from use in treating animal diseases has not entirely eliminated the presence of resistant Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli from animals and animal products. Human exposure to Campylobacter infection could be reduced by using strategies that decrease colonization of chickens by the pathogen.

Surface and internalized Escherichia coli O157:H7 on field-grown spinach and lettuce treated with spray-contaminated irrigation water

01 Jun 2010
Journal of Food Protection®, Volume 73, Number 6, pp. 1023-1029(7)
[edited][FSNet]
Numerous field studies have revealed that irrigation water can contaminate the surface of plants; however, the occurrence of pathogen internalization is unclear. This study was conducted to determine the sites of Escherichia coli O157:H7 contamination and its survival when the bacteria were applied through spray irrigation water to either field-grown spinach or lettuce. To differentiate internalized and surface populations, leaves were treated with a surface disinfectant wash before the tissue was ground for analysis of E. coli O157:H7 by direct plate count or enrichment culture. Irrigation water containing E. coli O157:H7 at 102, 104, or 106 CFU/ml was applied to spinach 48 and 69 days after transplantation of seedlings into fields. E. coli O157:H7 was initially detected after application on the surface of plants dosed at 104 CFU/ml (4 of 20 samples) and both on the surface (17 of 20 samples) and internally (5 of 20 samples) of plants dosed at 106 CFU/ml. Seven days postspraying, all spinach leaves tested negative for surface or internal contamination. In a subsequent study, irrigation water containing E. coli O157:H7 at 108 CFU/ml was sprayed onto either the abaxial (lower) or adaxial (upper) side of leaves of field-grown lettuce under sunny or shaded conditions. E. coli O157:H7 was detectable on the leaf surface 27 days postspraying, but survival was higher on leaves sprayed on the abaxial side than on leaves sprayed on the adaxial side. Internalization of E. coli O157:H7 into lettuce leaves also occurred with greater persistence in leaves sprayed on the abaxial side (up to 14 days) than in leaves sprayed on the adaxial side (2 days).

Natural transformation ofVibrio choleraeas a tool- optimizing the procedure

28 May 2010
BMC Microbiology 2010, 10:155 [edited][FSNet]
Vibrio choleraegains natural competence upon growth on chitin. This allows the organism to take up free DNA from the environment and to incorporate it into its genome by homologous recombination.
Making use of this developmental program in order to use it as a tool to genetically manipulateV. choleraeand potentially also othersVibriospecies was envisaged. Therefore, researchers re-investigated the experimental design for natural transformation ofV. choleraeand tested different donor DNA fragments with respect to their source (genomic versus PCR-derived), quantity, and homologous flanking regions. Furthermore, researchers simplified the procedure in terms of the chitin source used as inducer of natural competence and the composition of the growth medium.
Researchers of the current study recommend a standard protocol to genetically manipulateV. choleraeusing commercially available sources of chitin and minimal medium, respectively, as well as PCR-derived donor DNA as transforming material.

How infections propagate after point-source outbreaks: an analysis of secondary Norovirus transmission

26 May 2010
Epidemiology [edited][FSNet]
Secondary transmission after point-source outbreaks is an integral feature of the epidemiology of gastrointestinal pathogens such as norovirus. The household is an important site of these secondary cases. It can become the source of further community transmission as well as new point-source outbreaks. Consequently, time-series data from exposed households provide information for risk assessment and intervention.
Maximum likelihood techniques such as these can be used to estimate transmission parameters under conditions of unobserved states and missing household size data, and to aid in the understanding of secondary risks associated with point-source outbreaks.

Foodservice hygiene factors- The consumer perspective

15 May 2010

International Journal of Hospitality Management

Ungku Zainal Abidina Ungku Fatimaha, Huey Chern Booa et al. [edited][FSNet]

Food safety is important to today's food industry operators as consumers have become increasingly concerned about risks related to food. Unlike foodservice operators or health
inspectors, consumers can only rely on the visible cues, particularly those associated with food hygiene to judge the level of food safety in eating establishments. The researchers aimed to bridge the gap by exploring the topic from the consumer perspective. Results indicate that foodservice hygiene is one of the top three considerations when consumers select a dining place. Results of confirmatory factor analysis reveal a four-factor model encompasses staff and handling, food and location, premise and practices, and scent aspects.

The change in prevalence ofCampylobacteron chicken carcasses during processing: A systematic review

13 Apr 2010
Poultry Science, 89, 1070-1084
M. T. Guerin, C. Sir, J. M. Sargeant, L. Waddell et al. [edited][FSNet]
A systematic review was conducted to evaluate the change in prevalence ofCampylobacteron chicken carcasses during processing. A structured literature search of 8 electronic databases using the key words for "Campylobacter," "chicken," and "processing" identified 1,734 unique citations. Abstracts were screened for relevance by two independent reviewers. Thirty-two studies described prevalence at more than one stage during processing and were included in this review. Of the studies that described the prevalence ofCampylobacteron carcasses before and after specific stages of processing, the chilling stage had the greatest number of studies (9), followed by washing (6), defeathering (4), scalding (2), and evisceration (1). Studies that sampled before and after scalding or chilling, or both, showed that the prevalence ofCampylobactergenerally decreased immediately after the stage (scalding: 20.0 to 40.0% decrease; chilling: 100.0% decrease to 26.6% increase). The prevalence of Campylobacter increased after defeathering (10.0 to 72.0%) and evisceration (15.0%). The prevalence after washing was inconsistent among studies (23.0% decrease to 13.3% increase). Eleven studies reported the concentration of Campylobacter, as well as, or instead of, the prevalence. Studies that sampled before and after specific stages of processing showed that the concentration of Campylobacter decreased after scalding, evisceration, washing, and chilling and increased after defeathering. This understanding should help researchers and program developers identify the most likely points in processing to implement effective control efforts. For example, if contamination will occur during defeathering and likely during evisceration, critical control points postevisceration are likely to have a greater effect on the end product going to the consumer.

History and future of food irradiation
10 Apr 2010
Trends in Food Science & Technology [edited][FSNet]
Treatment of food by specific ionizing radiations to improve microbiological safety and storability is one of the most extensively studied technology of the century. However, much of the research has been carried out in laboratories and it is still relatively underutilized commercially. Its application potential is very diverse, from inhibition of sprouting of tubers and bulbs to production of commercially sterile food products. The safety of consumption and wholesomeness of irradiated food have been extensively studied in international cooperations. Numerous international expert groups set up jointly by the FAO, the IAEA and the WHO, or the Scientific Committee on Food of the European Commission concluded that foods irradiated with appropriate technologies are both safe and nutritionally adequate. A Codex General Standard for Irradiated Foods and a Recommended International Code of Practice for Radiation Processing of Food have been developed. Specific applications of food irradiation are approved by national legislations in over 55 countries worldwide. Commercial use of irradiation, however, is still limited. In spite of pioneering past RΔactivities in Europe and North-America, the utilization of the process growing faster and increasingly, mainly for sanitary purposes, in fast-developing countries in the (South-East) Asian region and some Latin-American countries. Progress in the European Union is decidedly slower. In the EU, food irradiation is regulated since 1999 by a General Directive, but its implementing directive, the Community-list of EU-approved irradiated foods contains only a single class of items: ”dried aromatic herbs, spices and vegetable seasonings”. This slow progress is mainly due to psychological and political factors, misinformation created by various activist groups, and the reluctance to implement the process by the industry is discouraged by such forces. The future of food irradiation will depend on an informed public and better understanding of the role the process can play in the control of food-borne pathogens.

A model for setting performance objectives for Salmonella in the broiler supply chain
08 Apr 2010
Risk Analysis [edited][FSNet]
A stochastic model for setting performance objectives for Salmonella in the broiler supply chain was developed. The goal of this study was to develop a model by which performance objectives for Salmonella prevalence at various points in the production chain can be determined, based on a preset final performance objective at the end of the processing line. The transmission of Salmonella through the broiler production chain was modeled. The prevalence at flock level was calculated from the measured prevalence at sample level. The transmission model is based on data on the occurrence of Salmonella collected in the Dutch broiler production chain during several years. The developed model can be used by policymakers and industry to determine economically and politically acceptable performance objectives for various points of the production chain and to draw conclusions about which interventions are most appropriate.

The effects of risk-reducing strategies on consumer perceived risk and on purchase likelihood: a modelling approach
21 Mar 2010
British Food Journal, Volume 112, Issue 3, Pages 306 – 322 [edited][FSNet]
Ruth Yeung, Wallace Yee, Joe Morris
Consumer perception of risk and its impacts on purchasing behaviour are critical aspects of food safety. Consumer risk management strategies influence, and respond to, the risk management strategies adopted by the food industry. This research, using poultry product as the focus, aimed to identify the consumer risk-reducing strategies and their impact on perception of food safety-related risk and then on purchase behaviour.
The research reveals brand, information and quality assurance as influential risk-reducing strategies to reduce consumer perception of food safety risk and subsequently to facilitate purchase likelihood during a period concerned about microbiological contamination in chicken meat.
The results provide guidance of both proactive and remedial actions that the food industry can follow and also help to evaluate the effectiveness of its marketing activities.

Pathogenic microorganism survival in dulce de leche
13 Mar 2010
Food Control [edited][FSNet]
Denise Hentges, Daiani Teixeira da Silva, Priscila Alves Dias, et al.
In order to evaluate the survival of Salmonella Typhimurium, L. monocytogenes, E. coli O157:H7 and S. aureus in dulce de leche, aliquots of this sweet were experimentally contaminated with these pathogenic microorganisms at 103 (C1) and 101 (C2) bacterial cells per g, and later analysed to evaluate microorganism viability after storage for 0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 10, 20 and 30 days. Salmonella and L. monocytogenes were recovered from all aliquots. E. coli O157:H7 and S. aureus were recovered from all aliquots at C1 concentration, and up to the 5th and 10th day, respectively, at C2 concentration. Relevant public-health danger pathogenic microorganisms were found to survive up to 30 days in dulce de leche.

Global sensitivity analysis applied to a contamination assessment model of Listeria monocytogenes in cold smoked salmon at consumption
13 Mar 2010
Risk Analysis [edited][FSNet]
Mariem Ellouze, Jean-Pierre Gauchi, and Jean-Christophe Augustin
In this study, a variance-based global sensitivity analysis method was first applied to a contamination assessment model of Listeria monocytogenes in cold smoked vacuum packed salmon at consumption. The impact of the choice of the modeling approach (populational or cellular) of the primary and secondary models as well as the effect of their associated input factors on the final contamination level was investigated. Results provided a subset of important factors, including the food water activity, its storage temperature, and duration in the domestic refrigerator. A refined sensitivity analysis was then performed to rank the important factors, tested over narrower ranges of variation corresponding to their current distributions, using three techniques: ANOVA, Spearman correlation coefficient, and partial least squares regression. Finally, the refined sensitivity analysis was used to rank the important factors.

Reduction of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli in poultry skin by fruit extracts
03 Mar 2010
Journal of Food Protection®, Volume 73, Number 3, pp. 477-482(6) [edited][FSNet]
Campylobacter spp. are a major cause of foodborne bacterial gastroenteritis in humans, and current methods to control Campylobacter contamination in foods are not completely successful. Plants are a promising source of antimicrobial agents, particularly given the growing interest in “all natural” foods. In this study, the antimicrobial activity of extracts from 28 edible plants against Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli was evaluated in vitro and in a poultry skin model. Nine of 28 extracts exhibited antimicrobial activity in a diffusion assay, and MBCs were determined for the three most active extracts, i.e., lime, plum, and sour orange peel (MBCs of 2 to 3 mg/ml). Mixtures of the lime, plum, and sour orange peel extracts were applied to chicken skin inoculated with 105 CFU of Campylobacter to test for synergistic or antagonist effects. After incubation (48 h at 4°C) with any extract mixture, no Campylobacter CFUs were detectable. These active extracts from edible fruits are simple to prepare and are alternatives to reduce or eliminate Campylobacter contamination of chicken products.

Survival characteristics of Cronobacter spp. in model bovine gut and in the environment
08 Feb 2010
Foodborne Pathogens and Disease. doi:10.1089/fpd.2009.0449 [edited][FSNet]
Catherine Molloy, Claire Cagney, Séamus Fanning, Geraldine Duffy
Cronobacter spp. (formally Enterobacter sakazakii) have been linked to illness in infants from contaminated powdered infant formula. The source of the pathogen remains unclear, and it is believed that farm environments and cattle could play a role in the transmission of Cronobacter spp. The aim of this study was to establish if the organism would survive passage through a model of the bovine rumen and abomasum and in bovine feces in the farm environment. Models of the bovine abomasum and rumen were inoculated with Cronobacter strains, and survival was examined over time in these environments. Fecal samples were inoculated with Cronobacter , and survival on soil and in containers stored outdoors was examined over time. The results showed no significant changes in the number of Cronobacter in rumen fluid over a 24-h period. Cronobacter were undetectable after 30 min of incubation in the model abomasum. The pathogen survived 105 days in sealed containers and was detectable after 112 days in soil. This study indicated that Cronobacter spp. are unlikely to be shed in bovine feces as supported by previous surveillance studies; however, the study did show that the organism survives well in the farm environment.

Thermally treated wine retains antibacterial effects to foodborne pathogens

02 Feb 2010

Food Control [edited][FSNet]

Although cooking with wine and consumption of wine as a warm beverage is widespread, antibacterial effects of thermally treated wine have not been studied. Researchers examined in vitro antibacterial activity of wine heated at 75 and 125°C for 45 min against Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis and Escherichia coli. Their effects were compared with intact red wine, dealcoholized wine (DW) and dealcoholized wine reconstituted (RDW) with water to the initial volume. Samples were also analysed for their phenolics content, antioxidant capacity, resveratrol and ethanol content and pH. Total phenolics concentration and related antioxidative activity followed changes in samples volume, regardless of treatment type, while pH of all samples remained stable and ranged from 3.09-3.24. The order of the antibacterial activity of wine samples was: intact wine > heated at 75°C > heated at 125°C > DW > RDW. Antibacterial activity of the samples could not be related to their content of resveratrol as a single phenolics compound, antioxidative capacity or pH. Thermally treated wine under conditions applicable to food processing in everyday life, may be effective antibacterials in spite of significant heat-induced changes in their physical-chemical composition.

Foodborne diseases- the challenges of 20 years ago still persist while new ones continue to emerge 22 Jan 2010

International Journal of Food Microbiology [edited][FSNet]

Diane G. Newell, Marion Koopmans, Linda Verhoef et al.

The burden of diseases caused by food-borne pathogens remains largely unknown. Importantly data indicating trends in food-borne infectious intestinal disease is limited to a few industrialised countries, and even fewer pathogens. It has been predicted that the importance of diarrhoeal disease, mainly due to contaminated food and water, as a cause of death will decline worldwide. Evidence for such a downward trend is limited. This prediction presumes that improvements in the production and retail of microbiologically safe food will be sustained in the developed world and moreover, will be rolled out to those countries of the developing world increasingly producing food for a global market. In this review, researchers present evidence to indicate that the microbiological safety of food remains a dynamic situation heavily influenced by multiple factors along the food chain from farm to fork. Sustaining food safety standards will depend on constant vigilance maintained by monitoring and surveillance but, with the rising importance of other food-related issues, such as food security, obesity and climate change, competition for resources in the future to enable this may be fierce. In addition the pathogen populations relevant to food safety are not static. Food is an excellent vehicle by which many pathogens (bacterial, viruses/prions and parasites) can reach an appropriate colonisation site in a new host. Although food production practices change, the well-recognised food-borne pathogens, such as Salmonella spp and E. coli, seem able to evolve to exploit novel opportunities, for example fresh produce, and even generate new public health challenges, for example antimicrobial resistance. In addition, previously unknown food-borne pathogens, many of which are zoonotic, are constantly emerging. Current understanding of the trends in food-borne diseases for bacterial, viral and parasitic pathogens has been reviewed. The bacterial pathogens are exemplified by those well-recognized by policy makers; i.e. Salmonella, Campylobacter, Escherichia coli and Listeria monocytogenes. Antimicrobial resistance in several bacterial food-borne pathogens (Salmonella, Campylobacter, Shigella and Vibrio spp, methicillin resistant Staphylcoccus aureas, E. coli and Enterococci) has been discussed as a separate topic because of its relative importance to policy issues. Awareness and surveillance of viral food-borne pathogens is generally poor but emphasis is placed on Norovirus, Hepatitis A, rotaviruses and newly emerging viruses such as SARS. Many food-borne parasitic pathogens are known (for example Ascaris, Cryptosporidia and Trichinella) but few of these are effectively monitored in foods, livestock and wildlife and their epidemiology through the food-chain is poorly understood. It is clear that one overall challenge is the generation and maintenance of constructive dialogue and collaboration between public health, veterinary and food safety experts, bringing together multidisciplinary skills and multi-pathogen expertise. Such collaboration is essential to monitor changing trends in the well-recognised diseases and detect emerging pathogens. It will also be necessary understand the multiple interactions these pathogens have with their environments during transmission along the food chain in order to develop effective prevention and control strategies.

Bacteriocidal preparation of powdered infant formula

14 Jan 2010

Food Standards Agency [edited][FSNet]

Powdered infant formula (PIF) is a generic term used to cover a range of breast milk fortifiers and substitutes. These are not manufactured as sterile products, but are intended to conform to appropriate microbiological specifications. For PIF in international trade these were recently revised by Codex Alimentarius Commission (CAC 2008). Previous FAO/WHO 2004 and 2006 expert meetings on the microbiological risk assessment of powdered infant formulas have recommended the reconstitution of PIF with water no less than 70°C, and used within 2 hours. The use of high reconstitution temperature is considered to reduce the viable count of Cronobacter spp. and Salmonella serovars and a short storage period would limit the growth of any survivors, and therefore this practice would reduce the risk of neonatal infection through the ingestion of contaminated infant formula. However it is apparent that various preparation practices are used by caregivers. This report considers the risk associated with bacterial survival and subsequent multiplication following reconstitution.

Western Pacific: Food/Water Borne Illness Outbreaks

CaitlinCatella — Thu, 02 Feb 2012 09:29:06 CST

Japan- Leaks at Fukushima plant as Food safety concerns abide
31 Jan. 2012
Kantei.go.jp [edited] [CAHFS-DAILYNEWS]
http://www.kantei.go.jp/foreign/kan/topics/201108/measures_beef.pdf
Leaks at 14 different points within the Fukushima No. 1 nuclear power plant's facilities have been found, leading the operator to suspend the cooling of the spent fuel pool at its No. 4 reactor for two hours. The leakage is believed to have been caused by the cold weather and there are concerns that the leaking water would flow into the ocean and the environment as well. This comes in the wake of increasing food safety concerns about the contamination of tap water, rice and beef with radioactive caesium in the country.

Malaysia- SARCOCYSTOSIS
20 Jan 2012
MMWR 2012 Jan 20;61(02):37-8. [edited] [ProMed]
http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6102a4.htm?s_cid=mm6102a4_e
GeoSentinel (the surveillance program of the International Society of Travel Medicine and CDC) has identified 32 cases of suspected acute muscular sarcocystosis in travelers returning from Tioman Island off the east coast of peninsular Malaysia. All the patients traveled to Tioman Island during the summer of 2011. Within days or weeks of returning home, all experienced fever and muscle pain, often severe and prolonged. About half of the patients were identified in Germany; others were reported elsewhere in Europe, North America, and Asia. Muscle biopsy from two patients demonstrated organisms consistent with sarcocystosis. Sarcocystis spp. are intracellular protozoan parasites. Humans are the definitive host for Sarcocystis hominis and Sarcocystis
suihominis, acquired by eating undercooked sarcocyst-containing beef or pork. The parasites reproduce in the human intestine, where infection can cause acute gastroenteritis; however, most infections are thought to be asymptomatic . Although the specific species have never been identified, humans can become intermediate hosts for at least some of the 130 Sarcocystis spp. that are transmitted between animals in nature. In these cases, humans ingest oocysts or sporocysts in food or water contaminated with feces from an infected animal. The parasite ultimately disseminates to skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle, where it forms sarcocysts containing large numbers of parasites that are infectious. Sarcocyst formation can provoke eosinophilic myositis, as occurred in this outbreak. No proven treatment exists for human muscular sarcocystosis, but in all previously reported cases, symptoms resolved over weeks to months.

Australia- Eggs likely source of Salmonella outbreak
11 Jan. 2012
Barfblog [edited] [BITES]
http://www.barfblog.com/blog/152478/12/01/11/eggs-once-again-likely-source-australia-salmonella-outbreak
It appears that a raw egg dish is responsible for up to 19 illnesses and possibly one death linked to a pizzeria restaurant. A spokesman confirmed that there were 14 confirmed cases of salmonella poisoning linked to the restaurant and five suspected cases. The man who died tested positive to salmonella and had eaten at the pizzeria, but the precise cause of his death is yet to be determined.

Philippines- Cholera
16 Jan 2012
Inquirer [edited] [ProMed]
http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/128629/albay-watched-for-cholera
Health authorities have placed the province under close watch for cholera after 3 people died early in January 2012 due to the food and water-borne disease. The provincial health officer revealed that area recorded 7 cases of cholera in December 2011.
Related Story:
Philippines- Cholera
5 Jan 2012
Sun Star [edited] [ProMed]
http://www.sunstar.com.ph/zamboanga/local-news/2012/01/05/2-die-cholera-zamboanga-199007
Two people in Zamboanga City have died of cholera, a waterborne disease, while 2 others have been hospitalized, a health official reported.

Australia- Restaurant remains closed after fatal death from mushroom meal
06 Jan. 2012
Barfblog [edited] [BITES]
http://www.barfblog.com/blog/152400/12/01/06/deadly-mistake-chinese-restaurant-remains-closed-after-fatal-death-cap-mushroom
The chief health officer confirmed that a bistro, where a deadly mushroom dish was cooked on New Year's Eve, would remain closed and would need to be inspected before it was allowed to reopen. The Chinese restaurant had served a dish that led to two people dying and two others requiring hospitalization because the dish was laced with death cap mushrooms.

China- Billionaire dies after eating poisoned cat stew
04 Jan. 2012
Barfblog [edited] [BITES]
http://www.barfblog.com/blog/152353/12/01/05/chinese-billionaire-dies-after-eating-poisoned-cat-stew-police
A well-known Chinese billionaire died after eating a on slow-boiled cat meat stew laced with the toxic herb Gelsemium elegans during a business lunch in the Guangdong province. The police suspect foul play and two other men (who are under investigation) were hospitalized. The police discovered evidence that one of the men under investigation had embezzled money from the billionaire who died.

New Zealand- Tougher rules on feeding pigs waste food needed
22 Dec. 2011
The Pig Site [edited] [BITES]
http://www.thepigsite.com/swinenews/28414/tougher-rules-on-feeding-pigs-waste-food-needed
New Zealand (NZ) Pork has told the Government it needs to strengthen the regulations that control the feeding of waste food to pigs. NZ Pork stated that one pig disease, post-weaning multi-systemic wasting syndrome, is thought to have been introduced through feeding uncooked waste food to pigs. According to a local radio new channel, feeding waste food is also a pathway for spreading other diseases such as foot and mouth, swine fever and PRRS or Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome.

Australia- Café sickens 22 with salmonella from raw egg mayonnaise
21 Dec. 2011
Barfblog [edited] [BITES]
http://www.barfblog.com/blog/152143/11/12/21/canberra-caf%C3%A9-sickens-22-salmonella-raw-egg-mayonnaise-owner-says-commercial-ma
Two weeks after raw egg in mayonnaise made at least 22 people sick with salmonella after eating at the a bakery in Canberra, the owners reportedly stated that they have stopped making mayonnaise for counter sandwiches, but still make mayonnaise for dishes where it can be kept in the fridge. It is also reported that four of the affected people are considering taking legal action, to claim expenses, loss of wages, and pain and suffering. Hundreds of people have been sickened in Australia in the past five years from consuming undercooked eggs or dishes containing raw eggs. A couple of new reports from Food Standards Australia New Zealand also raise the issue related to raw egg use/consumption.

Hong Kong- Confirmed case of Listeriosis
21 Dec. 2011
HKSAR Government [edited] [BITES]
http://7thspace.com/headlines/402631/chp_investigates_confirmed_case_of_listeriosis.html
The Centre for Health Protection of the Department of Health is now investigating a confirmed case of Listeriosis involving a 32-year-old pregnant woman.
The woman, who has underlying illness, presented with abdominal pain, per-vaginal bleeding, vomiting and diarrhea on December 17. She was admitted to a hospital on the same day. She gave birth to her baby, but the baby passed away on December 18. A placental sample taken on December 17 and was positive for Listeria monocytogenes. The woman is now in a stable condition.

Japan- Prison food poisoning sickens 1,000 inmates
16 Dec. 2011
Japan Times [BITES]
http://www.japantimes.co.jp/rss/nn20111216x3.html?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+japantimes_news+%28The+Japan+Times+Headline+News+-+News+%26+Business%29
Food poisoning sickened 1,074 inmates at a Prison in Sakai, forcing it to serve reserved food stored for emergency use. The inmates began complaining of food poisoning symptoms starting Tuesday night, prompting the prison to report the matter to the health center Wednesday morning. The inmates were treated at the prison. The prison holds around 2,500 male inmates and their meals are cooked in the prison's kitchen by about 40 inmates who undergo sanitary inspections each month.

New Zealand- Christmas party Norovirus outbreak
16 Dec. 2011
Barfblog [edited] [BITES]
http://www.barfblog.com/blog/152028/11/12/16/christmas-party-norovirus-outbreak-nz
Twenty-two people were ill with Norovirus after a work Christmas party at a restaurant in New Zealand. Laboratory tests confirmed the presence of norovirus.

Japan- E. coli O157 found in Japanese beef liver
15 Dec. 2011
Barfblog [edited] [BITES]
http://www.barfblog.com/blog/151974/11/12/15/be-careful-all-risk-management-be-careful-e-coli-o157-found-japanese-beef-liver
The Japanese health ministry reported that it detected E. coli O157 inside beef liver for the first time, raising the likelihood that raw liver may soon be banned. The Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare has been considering whether to prohibit butchers and restaurants from selling raw beef liver, in the wake of food poisoning deaths from raw beef served at restaurants earlier this year. Restaurants have already been asked by the government to refrain from serving raw beef liver since July while the ministry considered the safety of consuming raw beef and raw liver.

Fiji- Foodborne disease prevalent, call for strict food guidelines
13 Dec. 2011
Fiji Times Online [edited] [BITES]
http://www.fijitimes.com/story.aspx?id=188271
Fiji is on the list of countries in the region with a high incidences of foodborne diseases, according to the University of the South Pacific professor. A workshop was conducted in collaboration with the World Health Organization on the issue.

Malaysia- Sarcocystosis
7 Dec 2011
Source: CDC [edited] [ProMed]
http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/notices/outbreak-notice/sarcocystosis-malaysia.htm
It has been reported that there is a cluster of sarcocystosis among travelers returning from Malaysia. These travelers reported visiting Tioman Island on the east coast of Peninsular Malaysia before their illnesses occurred. Sarcocystosis is a disease caused by a parasite called sarcocystis. Muscle sarcocystosis is spread through the ingestion of food, water, or soil contaminated with infected animal feces. There is currently no vaccine or treatment for sarcocystosis and most infected people get better on their own over time.

Vietnam- Hundreds of workers suffer food poisoning
09 Dec. 2011
Monsters and Critics [edited] [BITES]
http://www.monstersandcritics.com/news/asiapacific/news/article_1679819.php/Hundreds-of-workers-suffer-food-poisoning-in-Vietnam
More than 300 employees of a glove factory in central Vietnam have been hospitalized with suspected food poisoning from their work lunch, company and hospital sources reported. The employees suffered from dizziness and nausea after their lunch on Thursday. No one died, but more than 80 workers are still hospitalized as of Friday. One of the victims reported that she eat pork for lunch and it smelled bad. The glove company stated that it did not prepare the food - nearby restaurants provided the cooked meals.

Australia- Raw egg in mayonnaise at a bakery linked to 13 sick with salmonella, 5 hospitalized

07 Dec. 2011
Barfblog [edited] [BITES]
http://www.barfblog.com/blog/151803/11/12/07/it-was-raw-egg-mayonnaise-bakery-prepared-colonel-mustard-13-sick-salmonella-5-
Salmonella in a raw egg dish has sickened many Australians, with restaurant owners claiming ignorance. The co-owner of the business at the center of a Salmonella outbreak stated that she is working with ACT (Australian Capital Territory) health authorities to ensure the safety of its food. ACT Health confirmed 13 people have been affected by Salmonella bacteria.

Guam- Foodborne illness, staphylococcal suspected
6 Dec 2011
KUAM [edited] [ProMed]
http://www.kuam.com/story/16195731/cream-puffs-common-link-in-foodborne-illness-outbtreak
The public health department has determined that at least 21individuals, who were treated and released at 2 hospitals, suffered from symptoms related to foodborne illness. The individuals attended different functions and consumed a variety of food items but the common link was the consumption of cream puffs from a particular bakery.

Guam- Cream puffs linked to 21 people sick
06 Dec. 2011
Barfblog [edited] [BITES]
http://www.barfblog.com/blog/151790/11/12/06/blame-it-cream-puffs-21-sick-guam
It has been reported that at least 21 individuals, who were treated and released at two hospitals, suffered from symptoms related to foodborne illness. The Division of Environmental Health Administrator stated that based on interviews, the individuals attended different functions and consumed a variety of items, but the common link was the consumption of cream puffs from a particular bakery.

Australia- Salmonella outbreak lands four in hospital
06 Dec. 2011
Barfblog [edited] [BITES]
http://www.barfblog.com/blog/151787/11/12/05/salmonella-outbreak-lands-four-canberra-hospital
It has been reported that four people were treated in hospital after an outbreak of salmonella poisoning in Canberra. Health authorities are investigating the source of the outbreak. Cultures are being checked to determine if the salmonella cases are linked.

Philippines- 6 die of food poisoning
03 Dec. 2011
Inquirer News [edited] [BITES]
http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/104715/6-die-of-food-poisoning-in-masbate
Six persons in a village in San Pascual, were found dead Thursday night after supposedly eating a kind of puffer fish locally known as “butete,” a police official reported.

China- Fatal poisoning, pesticide suspected
30 Nov 2011
Bloomberg Businessweek [edited] [ProMed]
http://www.businessweek.com/news/2011-11-30/coca-cola-works-with-china-authorities-to-investigate-poisoning.html
Coca-Cola Co., the world's largest soft-drink maker, reported that it is cooperating with Chinese authorities investigating the death of a child who reportedly died after consuming a milk beverage. Coca-Cola checked batch samples of the beverage and found the product safe.

Taiwan- Species identification of snapper: A food poisoning incident in Taiwan
30 Nov. 2011
Food Control [edited] [BITES]
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S095671351100510X
A snapper (Lutjanidae fish) is a coral reef fish found in the sea areas around Taiwan. In December 2008, in southern Taiwan, a food poisoning incident occurred due to the ingestion of snapper, and the causative residue of ciguatera was investigated using a toxicity assay. To identify the species of the causative sample, six suspected species of Lutjanidae fish commonly found in Taiwan were analyzed.

Japan- BSE in young cow
25 Nov 2011
Outbreak News [edited] [ProMed]
http://outbreaknews.com/2011/11/25/japan-health-ministry-reports-new-unusual-strain-mad-cow-disease/?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=japan-health-ministry-reports-new-unusual-strain-mad-cow-disease
The Japan Ministry of Health has reported that a 23-month-old cow has been confirmed to have mad cow disease, or bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE). This is the 8th case of BSE in Japan, and more alarming is that the strain of BSE is new. A major concern is that the new strain of BSE may not always be detected by current screening procedures in Japan.

Guam- DPHSS looks into possible illness outbreak over Thanksgiving
28 Nov.11
KUAM News [edited] [BITES]
http://www.kuam.com/story/16132220/2011/11/28/dphss-investigating-possible-foodborne-illness-outbreak
The Department of Public Health is unsure of the cause a foodborne illness outbreak that occurred over Thanksgiving. More than a dozen people were sent to the emergency room with food poisoning symptoms. The Public Health Division of Environmental Health Administrator stated that interviews are being conducted with 17 individuals who were admitted to the emergency room.

Philippines- University to probe food poisoning case
25 Nov. 2011
Manila Standard Today [edited] [BITES]
http://www.manilastandardtoday.com/insideMetro.htm?f=2011/november/25/metro5.isx&d=2011/november/25
The Polytechnic University of the Philippines will investigate a school’s canteen in the main campus in Sta. Mesa after 14 students were taken to the hospital due to food poisoning. It’s been reported that the students felt dizziness and nausea after they ate the same type of fried rice sold at the canteen.

Vietnam- Foodborne Illness
24 Nov 2011
Viet Nam News [edited] [ProMed]
http://vietnamnews.vnanet.vn//Social-Isssues/216686/Eighty-workers-hit-by-food-poisoning.html
Six people from the same family in the central province of Quang Binh were hospitalized in critical condition on Wednesday [23 Nov 2011] after eating mushrooms. The cases were admitted to a hospital with the following symptoms: headaches, dizziness and respiratory difficulties. After receiving treatment, all persons are recovering.

Philippines- Paralytic shellfish poisoning
23 Nov 2011
Interaksyon.com [ProMed]
http://www.interaksyon.com/article/17981/bfar-issues-shellfish-ban-in-bataan-as-food-poisoning-kills-1-downs-4
The Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources (BFAR) has issued a ban on the eating, gathering or harvesting, transporting, and marketing of shellfish from 7 towns and one city along the coastal waters of Bataan due to red tide which causes paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) that has killed one woman.

Malaysia- Hepatitis A
15 Nov 2011
Yahoo News [edited] [ProMed]
http://my.news.yahoo.com/river-water-source-hepatitis-outbreak-114927717.html
River water is believed to be the source of the hepatitis A outbreak that has infected 800 people in three villages in a district [Terengganu state]. It has been reported that people in 3 villages have never been hit by the hepatitis A outbreak with 42 people admitted the hospital.

Malaysia- HEPATITIS A
12 Nov 2011
Yahoo News Malaysia [edited] [ProMed]
http://my.news.yahoo.com/27-residents-admitted-hospital-contracting-hepatitis-112820703.html
It’s been reported that 27 people, including 8 children, have been admitted to the a local hospital after they were suspected to have contracted hepatitis A. The Health Director stated that 5 others from the same two villages were given outpatient treatment. Hepatitis A is a viral liver disease that can cause mild to severe illness. It is spread by fecal-oral transmission when a person ingests food or drink contaminated by an infected person's feces. The disease is closely associated with poor sanitation and a lack of personal hygiene. Blood borne transmission of hepatitis A virus infection occurs but is much less common.

Australia- Hepatitis A case diagnosed at Canberra school cafeteria
10 Nov. 2011
Barfblog [edited] [BITES]
http://www.barfblog.com/blog/151366/11/11/10/hepatitis-case-diagnosed-canberra-school-cafeteria
A canteen worker at high school has been diagnosed with hepatitis A, sparking a health scare. As a precaution, health officials are offering vaccines to anyone who might have eaten from the canteen between October 17 and November 4 because it can potentially be transmitted through food, but the risk to people who have eaten at this canteen is also very low.

China- PARATYPHOID
1 Nov. 2011
Shanghai Daily [edited] [ProMed]
http://www.shanghaidaily.com/article/?id=486280&type=National
An outbreak of paratyphoid fever in Luocheng County, in southwest China has sickened 107 people, most of them students. Among the infected people, 84 were students, and 77 have been hospitalized. Paratyphoid fever is caused by drinking or eating contaminated water or food. Although the disease is similar to typhoid fever, its symptoms are usually less severe and include a sustained fever, headache and abdominal pain.

Malaysia- Sarcocystosis
31 Oct 2011
GeoSentinel [edited] [ProMed]
http://www.geosentinel.org
Twenty-three cases of probable zoonotic sarcocystis infection in returning travelers has been seen at 9 different clinics in 6 countries. All travelers, some traveling in
groups, had vacationed on Tioman Island off the east coast of Peninsular Malaysia between June and August 2011. Tioman is the only location in Malaysia shared by all 23 travelers. Sarcocystis hominis naturally infects the intestinal tract, and secreted oocysts are ingested by predominantly porcine and bovine intermediate hosts. Cysts develop in muscle, and the lifecycle is completed by human ingestion of undercooked pork or beef.

Cambodia- Undiagnosed deaths
20 Oct. 2011
Phnom Penh Post [edited] [ProMed]
http://www.phnompenhpost.com/index.php/2011102052252/National-news/kratie-villagers-dead-after-drinking-wine.html
Four villagers died between Saturday [15 Oct 2011] and Tuesday [18 Oct 2011] and a number of others were hospitalized after drinking homemade wine. A police officer stated that three women and a man died after they drank wine with a meal that included meat from a buffalo that drowned. He added that the victims initially ignored the symptoms, which included dizziness, diarrhea and vomiting. It has been reported that 15 villagers drank the wine at a funeral ceremony, with about 10 of them falling ill.

Vietnam- Foodborne illness
19 Oct. 2011
Viet Nam News [edited] [ProMed]
http://vietnamnews.vnanet.vn//Social-Isssues/216686/Eighty-workers-hit-by-food-poisoning.html
It has been reported that 80 employees were hospitalized because of food poisoning on the 18th of Oct. this year. The workers reportedly had abdominal pains, diarrhea and vomiting after lunch provided by their employer, and industrial company. The local department of food safety is investigating the outbreak to determine the cause.

China- Food poisoning in Chinese school cafeterias a growing concern
17 Oct. 2011
Epoch Times [edited] [BITES]
http://www.theepochtimes.com/n2/china-news/food-poisoning-in-chinese-school-cafeterias-a-growing-concern-62901.html
On Oct. 9th, over a hundred students of a primary school were admitted to a hospital. Following dinner at the school cafeteria, they had fevers, vomiting, and diarrhea—the latest of several recent outbreaks of food poisoning among Chinese students. Initial tests at the hospital pointed to gastrointestinal and foodborne infections. It has been reported that a total of 141 students were diagnosed with poisoning.

Cambodia- Methanol poisoning from rice wine
7 Oct 2011
The Phnom Penh Post [edited] [ProMed]
<http://www.phnompenhpost.com/index.php/2011100752004/National-news/deaths-mount-from-poisonous-wine.html>
A total of 7 people died and another 72 were hospitalized after drinking poisonous rice wine at a funeral ceremony on Wednesday [5 Oct 2011].

Cambodia- Cassava poisoning
5 Oct 2011
The Phnom Penh Post [edited] [ProMed]
<http://www.phnompenhpost.com/index.php/2011100551950/National-news/boy-dies-five-sick-after-eating-cassava.html>
A 2-year old boy died and his 5 siblings became seriously ill after eating wild cassava in Chang Krang commune on Sunday [2 Oct 2011]. The district police chief stated that cassava was used to produce flour but was not meant to be eaten.

Tuvalu- Cholera
3 Oct 2011
Central News Agency (CNA) report [edited] [ProMed]
<http://focustaiwan.tw/ShowNews/WebNews_Detail.aspx?Type=aALL&TNo=&ID=201110030033>
The Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MOFA) of Taiwan issued a yellow travel alert for Tuvalu on Monday, Oct 3, 2011, after suspected cases of cholera were reported in the Pacific island nation. The alert, the second-least serious in the MOFA's 4-color travel advisory system, warns travelers there to heighten vigilance over their personal safety and advises would-be visitors to have second thoughts about their travel plans. Tuvalu is suffering from a drought and has declared a state of emergency due to a severe shortage of fresh water.

Malaysia- 71 students with food poisoning
26 Sep. 2011
The Star [edited] [BITES]
Seventy-one students from a school suffered food poisoning after consuming sambal sotong (chilli-based squids) at their hostel canteen. They were rushed to a hospital on Saturday after suffering from stomach aches, nausea, dizziness, vomiting and diarrhea.

Cambodia- DIARRHEAL ILLNESS
22 Sep 2011
The Phnom Penh Post [edited] [ProMed]
Floodwaters continue to rise and evacuees from the most devastated areas face new health risks and food shortages, according to officials. There has been a high rate of illness due to unsanitary conditions where the evacuees were being forced to live.

Taiwan- Vibrio vulnificus linked to raw oysters
9 Sept 2011
Central News Agency [edited] [ProMed]
A hospital is warning the public to make sure to fully cook seafood after a man died within two days of eating a single raw oyster. The victim, a 50-year-old man, sought medical treatment after getting a fever. He was still conscious when he checked into the hospital, but soon his blood pressure dropped. Doctors found that he had alcoholic liver cirrhosis and died due to shock and multiple organ failure from vibrio vulnificus.

China- Suspected food poisoning hospitalizes 23 preschoolers
07 Sep. 2011
Xinhua News Agency [edited]
Twenty-three preschoolers were hospitalized following food poisoning at a kindergarten in east China's Jiangxi Province on Tuesday. The children began vomiting around 1 p.m., about an hour after lunch, which consisted of rice and jelly noodles. It said the children also had biscuits as a morning snack.

China- Contaminated water sickens more than 100 students
06 Sep. 2011
philstar.com [edited] [BITES]
A total of 135 students were hospitalized for stomachaches, diarrhea and fevers after drinking contaminated water at a middle school. As of Tuesday, 50 students were still under medical observation, but all were in stable condition. A preliminary investigation found the school's water source was contaminated by norovirus.

Vietnam- Chemical contamination, wine
4 Sep 2011
Thanh Nien News [edited] [ProMed]
Doctors reported on Saturday [3 Sept 2011] that there was no change in the condition of a local man who went into a coma after drinking ‘scorpion wine.’ The man’s family stated that he had symptoms of poisoning after he drank some wine the morning of Sept. 2nd. He first had a headache and then began vomiting blood, and then lost consciousness and was rushed to a hospital. According to reports, drinking rice wine in which whole animals (like snakes, scorpions, and lizards) are soaked is a tradition in the country.

Philippines- One dead, 32 hospitalized due to food poisoning
02 Sep. 2011
GMA News [edited] [BITES]

A ‘pamamanhikan’ event resulted in one guest dying and 32 others being hospitalized due to food poisoning supposedly from the meal served during the event Wednesday night. Guests, including children, complained of stomach pains and were brought to a medical clinic.

China- Food poisoning hospitalizes 48
25 Aug. 2011
Xinhua News Agency [edited] [BITES]
Forty-eight people were hospitalized Thursday after suffering from food poisoning in East China's Jiangxi province. The victims suffered from nausea after attending a private banquet at a restaurant. A primary investigation found that food served during the banquet was contaminated. A similar case accorded during the same time period where three people died, with around 40 others receiving medical treatment after eating food that was suspected to be contaminated in Gansu province.

Malaysia- Ice cube linked to food poisoning that killed student
25 Aug. 2011
BERNAMA [edited] [BITES]
A preliminary report revealed that ice cubes had caused the food poisoning that killed an 11-year-old pupil (and sent eight other family members to the hospital). A more detailed investigation is being carried out to determine the actual cause of the food poisoning suffered by the victim and other family members. All of the family members had eaten 'otak-otak' and drank 'air batu campur' bought at a particular store.

China- ANTIFREEZE in vinegar
22 Aug 2011
Wales on Line [edited] [ProMed]
Vinegar tainted with antifreeze is suspected of killing 11 people and causing sickness in another 120 after a communal Ramadan meal in China's far western region of Xinjiang. Investigators suspect the victims consumed vinegar that was put in 2 plastic barrels that had previously been used to store toxic antifreeze.

China- Antifreeze in vinegar kills 11 people and sickens 120
22 Aug. 2011
Barfblog [edited] [BITES]
Vinegar contaminated with anti-freeze is suspected of causing the deaths of 11 people who ate a dinner during the Ramadan holiday in China. Police reported to state media that vinegar stored in two plastic barrels that had previously contained antifreeze was suspected as the source of the mass poisoning after about 150 people ate together on Friday evening. Many people are still in critical condition.

China- Food poisoning at crayfish festival
12 Aug. 2011
Shanghai Daily [edited] [BITES]
At least 70 people suffered diarrhea after attending a crayfish festival. The patients are being treated in several local hospitals and doctors reported that the diarrhea was caused by food poisoning. Around 4,000 people ate at the festival organized by the city government.

Malaysia- Girl dies of suspected food poisoning, 6 hospitalized
10 Aug. 2011
News Straits Times [edited] [BITES]
An11-year-old girl died while her family members were admitted to the hospital, suffering from food poisoning, 12 hours after breaking fast on Sunday. The family had broken their fast with otak-otak and ais batu campur.

Vietnam- Foodborne Illness
4 Aug 2011
Viet Nam News [edited] [ProMed]
At least 113 workers were admitted to hospital in a northern province with food poisoning after dinner at a canteen on Tuesday [2 Aug 2011]. They were suffering from dizziness, vomiting, and stomach aches. Food samples have been sent for analysis.

Australia- Gastroenteritis in school children
4 Aug. 2011
ABC NEWS [edited] [ProMed]
Queensland Health sent letters to parents about an outbreak of gastroenteritis. The department's public health unit stated that a number of cases have been reported. It has also been recommended that children not return to school or day care facilities until they have recovered from diarrhea and vomiting for at least 48 hours. There has been a significant change in gastroenteritis in children since the introduction of the rotavirus vaccine, but this particular cause of gastroenteritis is thought to not be due to rotavirus. There are a number of other viruses that could have caused it. The public health team is currently testing samples.

Philippines- 130 people poisoned by meat
23 July 2011
PhilStar [edited] [BITES]
At least 128 people from a village in the southern Philippines have been rushed to a hospital due to food poisoning according to local officials. All ill persons suffered from vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea and fever after eating a Carabao meat slaughtered by their neighbor. It was reported that the farm animal was slaughtered after it became weak.

China- Food poisoning leaves one dead, 72 hospitalized
23 July 2011
Bernama [edited] [BITES]
Food poisoning has left a five-year-old girl dead and 72 others hospitalized in a village in southwest China, according to news reporters. Villagers began to show symptoms of food poisoning after attending a dinner party hosted by fellow villager. They were soon sent to five different hospitals. A young girl died after treatment failed and 12 villagers are still in critical condition. An initial investigation showed the poisoning might be caused by nitrite, which can lead to deficiency in the amount of oxygen reaching body tissues. It is reported that local authorities are further investigating the case.

Taiwan- BOTULISM linked to homemade preserves
22 Jul 2011
The China Post [edited] [ProMed]
A senior prosecutor in reported on July 21, 2011 that four of the five people who died suddenly between July 6th and 8th may have been killed by botulism toxin. In the initial forensics tests, traces of botulism toxin were found in 4 of the bodies, but it was not certain whether the toxins were from eating homemade vegetable preserves. To determine if this link is correct, it will require further microbiology tests by the Department of Health. It has been reported that the affected persons were family members and vegetable farmers who shared a meal two days before their deaths.

Vietnam- Foodborne illness
22 Jul 2011
Viet Nam News [edited] [ProMed]
Nearly 100 workers were taken to hospital yesterday on July 21, 2011 because they were suffering from food poisoning after lunch at the shoe company they work for. Many lost consciousness, had headaches or were nauseous a few hours after having meat balls with tomato sauce, squash soup, fried chayote and rice.

China- Spoiled leftovers blamed for food poisoning that sickens 42 children
11 July 2011
CRI English [edited] [BITES]
Spoiled leftovers have been identified as the cause of a food poisoning outbreak that hospitalized 42 kindergartners. The students suffered vomiting and diarrhea after eating lunch on July 8th and were rushed to the hospital. After several days of medical tests and analysis of the lunch samples, local health authorities confirmed Monday that Staphylococcus aureus was found in the leftovers the children had eaten during lunch.

Vietnam- Foodborne Illness
1 July 2011
Sai Gon Giai Phong (SGGP) [edited] [ProMed]
Health authorities have taken food samples for testing from a company in district 12 of Ho Chi Minh City because 267 workers were hospitalized due to food poisoning. After having lunch in a cafe yesterday [30 Jun 2011] of cooked rice, pork ribs, sour vegetables cooked in sauce, fried swamp morning-glory, and vegetable soup, some workers developed symptoms of illness including stomach aches and nausea. Five workers were being treated in intensive care including two pregnant women.

Philippines- Food poisoning: spaghetti or water?
14 June 2011
ABS-CBN News [edited]
A total of 112 people are still confined in hospitals in Bulacan and Pampanga due to suspected food poisoning. The victims have been declared out of danger, health officials said. A total of 209 people became ill after attending a birthday party last Saturday. Most ate spaghetti served during the party. Bulacan provincial health officer Dr. Joy Gomez said the spaghetti may not have been the cause of the poisoning as some of the guests who became ill did not eat the food. He advised residents of Barangay Meysulao in Calumpit town to boil the water they drink while authorities are still waiting for the results of tests made on water in the village.

Philippines- 200 hospitalized due to food poisoning
13 June 2011
Manila Bulletin [edited] [BITES]
At least 200 people, mostly children, were taken to hospitals on Sunday after reportedly suffering food poisoning at a birthday party. Most of the victims suffered stomach and chest pains, diarrhea and vomiting. The situation is contained but the cause of the food poisoning has not been determined.

Vietnam- Foodborne Illness
13 June 2011
Sai Gon Giai Phong (SGGP) daily [edited] [ProMed]
A 37-year-old man, one of the 36 tourists being treated for food poisoning in a hospital, died on the 11th of June. The victims complained that after their evening meal they experienced nausea, stomach pains and convulsive fits. Most of the patients have recovered and have returned home. Health authorities took food samples from the hotel for testing and forced the hotel to shut down for one week until the test results were confirmed.

Singapore- Salmonella food poisoning in pre-schools; 270 sickened
08 June 2011
Barfblog [edited] [BITES]
The cause of a food poisoning outbreak in 10 pre-schools last month in Singapore, which affected over 270 people, has been traced to Salmonella enteritidis. It was found in the seafood marinara pasta supplied by a particular kitchen. It is thought that there might have been cross-contamination of the pasta with raw food during preparation. Interviews with food handlers indicated that the same trays were used to hold raw and cooked foods.

Taiwan- Tainted Food Problem in Taiwan
6 June 2011
Focus Taiwan [edited] [CAHFS DailyNews]
Taiwan has informed health authorities in the United States that some processed foods from Taiwan have been found to contain toxic plasticizers. A report on 20-plus plasticizer-tainted products and information on four major importers of those goods in the U.S. have been forwarded to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for reference. FDA will be given updates on any new developments in the food contamination. The toxic plasticizers DEHP and DINP were found in an additive that is used in food and beverage products in Taiwan to make them more visually appealing to consumers.

South Korea- Banning the use of antibiotics in animals feed
6 June 2011
Meatingplace.com [edited] [KAW Campaign listserve]
South Korea plans to ban the use of antibiotics in animal feed beginning in July this year. This is in effort to raise consumer confidence in the safety of livestock products according to the Ministry for Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (MAFF). South Korea allowed 44 types of antibiotics to be mixed with feed before 2005, but has gradually cut the number as scientists warn of serious side effects. The government will impose a total ban on the addition of antibiotics to animal feed by revising rules governing animal feed production. Under the revised rules, the use of eight types of antibiotics will be prohibited, along with one kind of antimicrobial agent. However, veterinarians will be permitted to inject antibiotics into sick animals.

Vietnam- Chemical contamination
3 June 2011
Sai Gon Gia Phong [edited] [ProMed]
The Department of Food Safety and Hygiene has ordered a food company to withdraw all its products from the market, which are believed to contain the toxic chemical DEHP. Health inspectors found that the chemical was prevalent in many products made by the company in one of its factories on 1 Jun 2011. Authorities ordered the company to remove jellies with the taro flavor from stores and supermarket shelves before the 6th of June.

Vietnam- Foodborne Illness
30 May 2011
Sai Gon Giai Phong (SGGP) daily [edited] [ProMed]
The Food Hygiene and Safety Department of the Ministry of Health announced on 29 May 2011 that out of 37 food poisoning cases in the reported between January and May 2011, eight peopled died. Also, 1613 people suffered from food poisoning of which 1513 were hospitalized. In May 2011 alone, the country had 10 food poisoning cases from the 7 Provinces. According to authorities, 2 out of 10 food poisoning cases are due to eating poisonous mushrooms and a particular kind of fish.

Singapore- Salmonella found in preschoolers' stool
21 May 2011
The Straits Times [edited] [BITES]
Stool samples of at least three children affected by a recent food-poisoning incident at eight preschools have tested positive for the Salmonella, but the investigation is still underway.

Singapore- 346 kids and 7 teachers sick from food poisoning
15 May 2011
Barfblog [edited] [BITES]
A total of 346 children as well as seven teachers from 14 school centers have now been reported to have food poisoning.

Guam- School breakfast suspected source of widespread food poisoning at school
12 May 2011
Barfblog [edited] [BITES]
It is thought that the school breakfast of egg salad and melon made almost 300 students ill at an elementary school in Guam. Anxious parents flooded the schools with phone calls while others came in person to find out if their children had been sent to the hospital.
Related Story:
Guam- Students fear additional food poisoning outbreak
13 May 2011
KUAM News [edited] [BITES]
The investigation continues after nearly 300 students were sent to the hospital for a suspected case of food poisoning at five of the island's southern public schools. The outbreak has forced education and public health officials to conduct thorough inspections of meals being served. School officials are also checking the status of the meals to make sure that it meets everyday standards, as health and safety is a requirement for all students. Many of the students stated that they were fearful of getting sick from the meals served at the school in the future.

China- Over 70 people hospitalized for suspected food poisoning
02 May 2011
Trend [edited] [BITES]
More than 70 people from a city in south China were hospitalized under suspicions of food poisoning, local government authorities reported. Those affected had attended a private banquet in the village on Thursday afternoon and later experienced symptoms including fever, headache, diarrhea or vomiting.

Japan- E. coli O111 outbreak claims fourth victim, 70 people ill
05 May 2011
Barfblog [edited] [BITES]
It was reported the morning of May 5th that a woman died Thursday of food poisoning from E. coli O111 in central Japan, bringing the total number of deaths linked to a raw meat dish to four, while 70 others have become ill. A 6-year-old boy also fell ill and died Friday after eating the dish at the same restaurant as the woman. Another boy died a week ago after eating the same dish at another of the company's restaurants.
Related Stories:
Japan- E. coli VTEC NON-O157 in Raw Beef
4 May 2011
The Daily Yomiuri [edited] [ProMed]
The operator of barbecue restaurant chain has been linked to two recent cases of fatal food poisoning. The operator admitted to not testing the raw meat served at its outlets for bacteria, as required by the health ministry. Two 6-year-old boys died after eating a raw-beef dish known as yukhoe. Both boys were found to have been infected with the O111 strain of E. coli.
Japan- Two children dead, 56 ill in Japan from E. coli O111 in raw meat
03 May 2011
Barfblog [edited] [BITES]
Japanese media outlets are reporting that two children have died and 56 other people have became ill from food poisoning linked to a raw meat dish at a restaurant in central Japan. The two children died after eating a dish called Yukhoe. It was reported that the children were infected with the E. coli O111 strain. Yukhoe refers to a variety of hoe (raw dishes), which are usually made from raw ground beef seasoned with various spices or sauces. E. coli O111 has shown up in several tragic outbreaks in the U.S., including the illness of 314 people and one death in Oklahoma in 2008, the sickening of 212 people in New York in 2004 linked to unpasteurized apple cider, and in salad that sickened 56 in Texas in 1999.

China- More than 200 people sickened by food poisoning
03 May 2011
CRI English [edited] [BITES]
More than 200 people were sickened on Monday by food poisoning in a restaurant in north China according to local health authorities. The customers suffered from nausea, diarrhea and other symptoms after they had lunch at a restaurant. Four of the victims were said to be in serious condition. The cause of the food poisoning remains unknown.

China- Hundreds sick from pork
25 April 2011
Wall Street Journal [edited] [BITES]
Nearly 300 people fell ill in central China after eating meat suspected of containing illegal additives. Officials confirmed on Monday that 286 people had sought medical help over the weekend after eating in a village. Eight people are still in the hospital. The drug, clenbuterol, a substance that speeds muscle growth in pigs (can cause headache, nausea and an irregular heartbeat when consumed by humans) is suspected.

China- 251 students sick after having milk
22 April 2011
Xinhua News Agency [edited] [CAHFS-DailyNews]
A total of 251 students became ill after drinking milk at a school in northwest China. It has been reported that the milk was purchased by the district's education bureau and then distributed to the students in the morning. There was plain milk, yogurt, and milk with walnut flavor. This incident comes in the wake of several food safety scares that have hit China. About two weeks ago three children under the age of two died after drinking nitrate tainted milk which also left 36 others seriously ill. This has prompted the Chinese government to order an intensified crackdown on the illegal use of non-edible materials in food.

Vietnam- Foodborne Illness
21 April 2011
Thanh Nien News [edited] [ProMed]
Sixteen people have gone into comas after eating toxic fish in a central province of Thursday [21 April 2011]. The victims found a bag of fish on a beach, which they ate for lunch, according to health workers. Some of the people who ate the fish started having headaches, dizziness and nausea.

China- Three killed in new Chinese milk scare
8 April 2011
Food Production Daily [edited]
Nitrate-tainted milk has killed three people and made 35 others ill in the latest food safety scandal to hit the Chinese dairy industry. Early reports indicate that the victims were poisoned a chemical used in the curing of meat, after drinking bulk milk from two farms in north-west China. The sick, most of whom are children under 14, are being treated in hospitals. The two farms at the center of the scare have been sealed off and senior managers are being interrogated. The food safety scare comes just days after Chinese authorities pulled the licenses of more than half the dairies operating in the country.
Related Story:
China- Food poisoning kills three children
08 April 2011
Xinhua [edited] [BITES]
Three children have died of food poisoning in northwest China and investigators suspected they consumed nitrite-tainted milk. Thirty-five other patients were being treated at two hospitals (mostly children under age 14). An initial investigation has shown that all the patients were poisoned by nitrite after drinking bulk milk provided by two local dairy farms.

Cambodia- Fatal foodborne illness, tetrodotoxin suspected
22 Mar 2011
The Phnom Penh Post [edited] [ProMed]
A 21-year-old man died and two others became very ill after eating horseshoe crabs. According to a study published in the Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Medicine and Public Health in 1995, horseshoe crabs can be toxic to humans during certain times of the year because of the presence of tetrodotoxin, a powerful neurotoxin, found in the crabs' eggs. Symptoms of poisoning include nausea, vomiting, and respiratory paralysis.

Solomon Islands- Complaint over food poisoning
19 March 2011
Solomon Star [edited] [BITES]
Reported cases of food poisoning should act as a reminder to local food outlets to make sure food is prepared properly and that only quality food is served. A resident raised a complaint over eating food ordered from a local fast food outlet and then suffering from diarrhea. The woman reported that her other two colleagues suffered from diarrhea after eating food ordered from the shop as well.

Vietnam- Foodborne Illness
14 Mar 2011
Sai Gon Giai Phong (SGGP) Daily [edited] [ProMed]
More than 200 workers of a shoe were hospitalized with food poisoning. The Department of Health director said that nearly 230 workers of the company in were hospitalized at the local medical clinic with symptoms of convulsive fits, vomiting, and bellyaches. According to some workers, they had soup, and within 20 minutes, workers experienced unpleasant symptoms.

Taiwan- 1000 workers suffer from food poisoning at Taiwanese shoe factory
14 March 2011
VietNamNetBridge [edited] [CAHFS-DailyNews]
Nearly 1,000 workers from a Taiwanese footwear company were hospitalized on March 12, 2011 because of food poisoning after having lunch at their factory. The workers complained of headaches, vertigo, and vomited. Workers were then rushed to hospitals. The ill ate lunch consisting of rice, chicken, vegetable and vegetable liquor.

Australia- Wave of illness
09 March 2011
Gympie Times [edited] [BITES]
Stomach bugs are making themselves at home and whooping cough continues to spread according to a Health and Environmental Services report. The report to the council’s Community and Economic Development Committee noted eight cases of the stomach bug and campylobacter enteritis. The same region also showed many cases of cryptosporidiosis and salmonella, along with many cases of whooping cough in nearby towns.

Japan- Salmonella in broccoli salad sickens 1500 Japanese students
24 Feb. 2011
Barfblog [edited] [BITES]
Broccoli salads provided for school lunches were the cause of massive food poisonings that occurred at nine elementary and junior high schools in the city of Iwamizawa. An investigation has found that broccoli salads cooked at the city's joint school meal cooking center for lunches on Feb. 9, 2011 were contaminated with salmonella and the same genotype of bacteria was confirmed in the stool of those who suffered the food poisoning. More than 1,500 students had exhibited food poisoning symptoms.

Australia- Salmonella soars in Canberra
16 Feb. 2011
Barfblog [edited] [BITES]
Salmonella infection rates are increasing in the Australian Capital Territory (ACT). More than 200 cases were officially notified in each of the past two years. Infections usually linked to poor food hygiene were reported 217 times in the ACT last year and 221 times in 2009. The Health Minister is considering the most effective method for publicly naming food businesses which failed to comply with food safety standards.

Japan- Mass food poisoning in schools
BBC [edited] [CAHFS-DailyNews]
16 Feb. 2011
More than 950 school children have fallen ill at nine schools on Japan’s northern island of Hokkaidoin. The outbreak is suspected to be due to food poisoning. The children began to fall ill last week after eating lunch of miso soup, salad and Japanese radish with minced meat. None of the students affected are in critical condition. The outbreak was so widespread because the city operates large central kitchens which deliver food each day to many schools. After earlier incidents of food poisoning, schools in Japan are required to keep samples of all meals served over the previous seven days. They are being tested to determine the cause of the outbreak but the health authorities suspect salmonella may be to blame.
Related story:
Japan- 840 students suffer food poisoning
15 Feb. 2011
Barfblog [edited] [BITES]
It has been reported that 840 elementary and junior high school students have missed class due to food poisoning after eating school lunch last week. Health authorities suspect salmonella infection but have yet to determine what made them sick. The students started exhibiting the symptoms on Friday after eating lunch the previous day which was cooked in the school kitchens for about 3,100 students. The lunch included potato miso soup, komatsuna leaf salad and Japanese radish with ground meat.

Hong Kong- Three clusters of suspected food poisoning cases investigated
14 Feb. 2011
Department of Health [edited] [BITES]
The Centre for Health Protection (CHP) of the Department of Health is investigating three clusters of suspected food poisoning involving 15 people.

Philippines- Puffer fish
14 Feb. 2011
Barfblog [edited] [BITES]
Seven people were rushed to hospital after eating puffer fish that they caught during the weekend. According to doctors, the patients were poisoned after ingesting tetrodotoxin from the fish, which is more dangerous than cyanide.

Australia- 60 sickened, 30 hospitalized with salmonella from custard
06 Feb. 2011
Barfblog [edited] [BITES]
It has been reported that at least 60 people have fallen ill and nearly half of them needing to be admitted to hospital. SA Health's investigation has linked the infections to custard-filled buns, cakes, cannolis, and éclairs.

Australia- Melioidosis
27 Jan. 2011
Northern Times [edited] [ProMed]
A disease outbreak has forced the council to close flood clean up. Two council staff have contracted melioidosis, an infectious disease caused by a bacterium called Burkholderia pseudomallei. Pelple are being urged to seek medical assistance if they exhibit symptoms such as fever, headache, loss of appetite, cough, chest pain, and general muscle soreness. Members of the public are urged to stay clear of areas such as beaches, rivers, creeks, and other waterways that were subject to increased inflows of debris and run-off due to the recent floods. The bacteria that cause melioidosis are found in contaminated water and soil and spread to humans and animals through direct contact with the contaminated source.

Vietnam- Borax contamination, pork sausage
20 Jan. 2011
Thanh Nien News [edited] [ProMed]
Health inspectors from Ho Chi Minh City found many pork bologna [smoked sausage] samples contaminated with borax. They also sealed 6.5 kg of grilled fish fillet that was suspected of containing borax, a chemical compound used for cleaning purposes but illegally added to fish and meat products to make them tough. Health inspectors also disposed of nearly 3,000 eggs that did not meet food safety and hygiene requirements during an inspection.

China- 270 fall ill after having food in a factory
20 Jan. 2011
Sify News [edited] [BITES]
A total of 276 people fell ill after having lunch at an automobile manufacturing company in northern China. Most of the affected people in the factory sought medical treatment Wednesday night for food poisoning caused by a dish of hyacinth beans and meat. The patients - all employees of an automobile company - showed symptoms of nausea and vomiting.

Hong Kong- Suspected food poisoning cases under investigation
18 Jan. 2011
news.gov.hk [edited] [BITES]
The Centre for Health Protection of the Department of Health is investigating two suspected food poisoning cases involving 22 people, and reminds people to maintain good personal, food and environmental hygiene to prevent food-borne diseases. The first case involved three males and eight females aged 24 to 42. They developed abdominal pain, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting and fever 19 to 48 hours after having lunch at a restaurant on January 14, 2011. Two of them sought medical treatment but did not require hospitalization. The second case involved four males and seven females aged 18 to 90. They developed abdominal pain, diarrhea, nausea and vomiting about 24 to 33 hours after having dinner at a on January 16, 2011. Two of them sought medical treatment but did not require hospitalization. Investigation continues. All affected are currently in stable condition.

Vietnam- Rhodamine B Contamination
16 Jan 2011
Saigon Giai Phong (SGGP) Daily [edited] [ProMed]
The cancer-causing agent rhodamine B has been found in three samples of watermelon seeds and chili powder at markets in Ho Chi Minh City. The samples were seized by the city's Department of Food Control. Rhodamine B is used by the textile industry to dye clothes and is banned as a food colorant because it can cause cancer. The city health authorities found that over 116 food producers had violated hygiene regulations. Health authorities have suspended 16 companies and imposed heavy financial penalties to 39 workshops, with the remaining to be investigated further. Toxicity can cause irritation to the lungs, eyes, throat, nose, and the gastrointestinal tract.

Australia- Sydney Bakery closed after salmonella sickens 120, 22 hospitalized
11 Jan. 2011
Barfblog [edited] [BITES]
An outbreak of salmonella linked to a bakery in Sydney is being investigated by the State Government's public health unit. Almost 120 people have sought help for gastroenteritis after eating food from the bakery. Twenty-two of these people have been admitted to a hospital for treatment. The bakery is closed until further noticed.

Vietnam- Food poisoning hits 700 in HCM City
04 Jan. 2011
Viet Nam News [edited] [BITES]
A reported 700 people were hospitalized because of food poisoning last week in HCM City, raising fears about hygiene. About 200 workers from District 7 were hospitalized because of chronic food poisoning on the night of December 25, 2010. Two days later, 140 students and care workers at a Primary School in District 12 also came down with food poisoning. Also, 320 workers at three companies in District 12 fell sick after eating bacteria-infected food on December 30, 2010. It was the worst reported food-poisoning case in the city in the last six months. It is thought that all of the contaminated food was supplied by one company in the Binh Chanh District.

Food/Water Borne Illness Outbreaks

CaitlinCatella — Thu, 02 Feb 2012 09:28:29 CST

Report: Social media could enhance foodborne outbreak detection
31 Jan. 2012
Food Quality News [edited] [BITES]
http://www.foodqualitynews.com/Innovation/Social-media-could-enhance-foodborne-outbreak-detection-report
According to a recent report, social media programs could be utilized as a tool in the surveillance of foodborne disease outbreaks. According to the research paper, The Potential Capability of Social Media as a Component of Food Safety and Food Terrorism Surveillance Systems, food safety authorities around the world could take advantage of social media platforms in the fight against foodborne outbreaks. According to the report, there are three main advantages to the use of social media as a surveillance system – timeliness, representativeness and the self-identification of outbreaks.

WHO: world is prone to foodborne disease outbreaks
13 Oct. 2011
Barfblog [edited] [BITES]
http://www.barfblog.com/blog/150888/11/10/13/who-says-world-prone-foodborne-disease-outbreaks
The world has become more vulnerable to outbreaks of disease caused by contaminated food because of growing global trade, the World Health Organization (WHO) stated on Thursday. Investigating these outbreaks has also become more difficult because food can contain ingredients from around the world and is transported through a complex global supply chain. Outbreaks of foodborne disease have become an especially large menace in a world according to the WHO director-general.

EU- E. COLI O104 UPDATE and Korean strain
15 July 2011
ECDC [edited] [ProMed]
As July 15th, the number of probable and confirmed STEC cases in the EU/EEA is 3,908. This includes 765 HUS STEC cases and 3,143 non-HUS STEC cases. Beginning in early May 2011, an outbreak caused by Shiga toxin-producing E. coli O104:H4 was reported in Germany and other countries in Europe. In this outbreak, the number of hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) cases has been unusually high. A case of HUS caused by E. coli O104:H4 was 1st reported in South Korea in 2004. Because infections caused by this strain have been reported rarely, interest has arisen in the O104:H4 strain from South Korea.
Related Stories:
EU- E. COLI O104 UPDATES
11 July 2011
European Centre for Disease Control (ECDC) [edited] [ProMed]
As of July 11, 2011 the cumulative number of non-HUS [hemolytic uremic syndrome] STEC [Shiga toxin producing Escherichia coli] cases in the EU is 3,041 including 16 deaths, and 757 HUS STEC cases, including 28 deaths. In Germany, since July 8th, 5 HUS STEC cases and 13 non-HUS STEC cases have been newly reported. Four HUS STEC cases and 12 non-HUS STEC cases fell ill within the last 10 days (29 June - 8 July).
France- E. COLI VTEC in GROUND BEEF
6 July 2011
Romandie News, Agence France-Presse (AFP) [edited] [ProMed]
On July 6, 2011, the Regional Health Agency (ARS) stated that 4 new patients, including a baby in a coma, were admitted to a hospital. The ARS reported that food and microbiological investigations are under way to determine whether this is an infection by the bacterium E. coli.
European Union- E. COLI O104 UPDATE and France cases
28 Jun 2011
ECDC [edited] [ProMed]
In the EU/EEA, 885 HUS [hemolytic uremic syndrome] cases, including 31 deaths, and 3138 non-HUS cases, including 17 deaths have been reported. On Friday, June 24th, France reported a cluster of patients with bloody diarrhea, who had participated in an event on the 8th of June 2011. As of June 27th, 9 people have been hospitalized and 8 of these people have developed HUS. The French authorities are investigating this new cluster. Six of the cases reported having eaten sprouts at the event and leftovers are currently being analyzed. Thorough investigations are now being carried out to determine the suspected vehicle of infection for the cases reported in the French cluster, and whether there is any link between that cluster and the large outbreak reported from Germany.
France- E. COLI Outbreak
25 Jun 2011
BBC News UK [edited] [ProMed]
Officials are investigating a possible link between seeds sold by a UK firm and an outbreak of Escherichia coli infection in France. A local news agency reported that 10 people have been affected by E. coli in Bordeaux. It is thought a number of them had eaten vegetable sprouts, which are believed to have been grown from seeds sold by a particular company. The United Kingdom based company told BBC it had no evidence of a link. The Food Standards Agency (FSA) reported no E. coli cases had been reported in the UK. FSA is advising that all sprouts only be eaten if cooked until steaming hot. Seven of those affected by the E. coli outbreak, ate sprouts at a country fair and needed to be treated at a hospital.
European Union- E. COLI O104 UPDATES
23 Jun 2011
ECDC [edited] [ProMed]
News since June 22nd: 862 HUS [hemolytic uremic syndrome] cases, including 30 deaths, and 2930 non-HUS cases, including 13 deaths, have been reported. On the 22nd of June, Germany reported 8 additional HUS cases and 2 new HUS deaths. It also reports 79 additional non-HUS STEC cases and 1 new non-HUS death. Sweden reported 3 additional non-HUS STEC cases (persons who visited Germany mid-May). Total cases: 3792 with 43 deaths, which is a 1.13% case fatality rate.
EU -E. COLI O104 UPDATE
21 Jun 2011
ECDC [edited] [ProMed]
In the EU/EEA, 849 HUS cases, including 28 deaths, and 2744 non-HUS cases, including 12 deaths, have been reported so far. On Monday, the 20th of June, Germany reported 12 new HUS cases and 2 new HUS deaths. It also reported 74 new non-HUS STEC cases. One STEC death has been removed as it was identified as data entry error.
WHO update in EHEC outbreak
17 June 2011 WHO [edited] [ProMed]
Over the last week, the number of reported cases of hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) and enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) has declined significantly. In Germany, the daily numbers of reported cases have steadily decreased since they peaked, on 21 May 2011 for HUS and on 22 and 23 May 2011 for EHEC.
EU- E. COLI O104 Case Update, Organism
15 June 2011
ECDC [edited] [ProMed]
In the EU/EEA, 821 HUS cases, including 24 deaths, and 2530 non-HUS cases, including 13 deaths, have been reported so far. On the 15th of June, Germany reported 2 new HUS cases and 17 new non-HUS STEC cases, along with a new HUS death. In Luxembourg, one STEC case recently developed HUS.
EU- E. COLI O104 CASE UPDATE, ANTIMICROBIAL USE
13 June 2011
ECDC [edited] [ProMed]
Since May 2, 2011, there have been 817 cases of HUS and 2508 non-HUS STEC cases reported from European Union Member States, including 781 HUS cases and 2447 non-HUS STEC cases in Germany. Most cases are from, or have a history of travel to the North of Germany. In the EU/EEA, Austria, Denmark, Germany, the Netherlands, Poland, Spain, Sweden, and the UK have reported cases of HUS, while 5 other Member States have reported only non-HUS STEC cases. Laboratory results indicate that STEC serogroup O104:H4 Is the causative agent with strains capable of producing Shiga toxins, with the potential to cause severe enteric and systemic disease in humans.

Initiative to estimate the Global Burden of Foodborne Diseases
20 Dec. 2010
World Health Organization
Foodborne Diseases – a Growing Risk
Foodborne diseases encompass a wide spectrum of illnesses and are a growing public health problem worldwide. They are the result of ingesting contaminated foodstuffs, and range from diseases caused by a multitude of microorganisms to those caused by chemical hazards. The most common clinical presentation of foodborne diseases takes the form of gastrointestinal symptoms but such diseases can also lead to chronic, life-threatening symptoms including neurological, gynecological or immunological disorders as well as multiorgan failure, cancer and death. Recent global developments are increasingly challenging international health security. These developments include the growing industrialization and trade of food production, the rapid urbanization associated with a more frequent food preparation/consumption outside the home and the emergence of new or antibiotic-resistant pathogens. The global burden of foodborne diseases and its impact on development and trade is currently unknown in both industrialized and developing countries. However, developing countries tend to suffer from the largest share of the burden of foodborne diseases, thus achievement of the Millennium Development Goals (particularly MDG 1, 4, 5 and 6) is directly compromised. Reliable epidemiological data are, however, urgently needed to enable policy-makers as well as other stakeholders to: * appropriately allocate resources to foodborne disease, prevention and control efforts; * monitor and evaluate food safety measures; * develop new food safety standards; * assess the cost-effectiveness of interventions; and * quantify the burden in monetary costs. As a response to this data gap, the WHO Department of Food Safety and Zoonoses (FOS) launched an Initiative to Estimate the Global Burden of Foodborne Disease in collaboration with multiple partners. The Unknown Burden Data from surveillance systems and sentinel sites indicate a high disease burden for foodborne diseases caused by microorganisms alone. Such data, however, tend to show only the tip of the clinical iceberg and cannot sufficiently describe true disease burden. For affected persons to feature in such health statistics, they not only have to seek medical care, provide a specimen for laboratory investigation, and test positive on laboratory methods but must also be reported to the relevant health authorities. To circumvent the problems posed by such under-reporting and describe disease burden more adequately, a number of innovative and creative approaches have been used in recent years for some foodborne diseases from various causes. These include the use of active surveillance and field studies, risk assessment methods, and epidemiological disease modelling. For many other foodborne diseases, however, including some zoonoses and diseases caused by chemical hazards, no such data or studies exist. In order to estimate disease burden comprehensively and provide more complete information for policy makers it is important to move beyond the mere quantification of morbidity and mortality and describe burden in a summary measure that includes elements of severity and duration of disease, as well as resulting disability. One such summary indicator is the Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALY) which has been widely used by WHO and others in the field of burden of disease estimation. WHO's Initiative The real impact and costs of foodborne diseases globally is unknown. The Initiative to Estimate the Global Burden of Foodborne Diseases was launched out of the need to fill this data vacuum by the Department of Food Safety and Zoonoses (FOS) of the World Health Organization (WHO) at an international consultation in September 2006. This Initiative primarily strives: * to enable policy-makers and other stakeholders to set appropriate, evidence-informed priorities in the area of food safety. Through the support of a special advisory group, the Foodborne Disease Burden Epidemiology Reference Group (FERG), the Initiative aims to: * Strengthen country capacity for conducting burden of foodborne disease assessments in parallel with food safety policy analyses, and increase the number of countries who have undertaken such studies. * Provide estimates on the global burden of foodborne diseases according to age, sex and regions for a defined list of causative agents of microbial, parasitic, and chemical origin. * Increase awareness and commitment among Member States for the implementation of food safety policy and standards. * Encourage countries to use burden of foodborne disease estimates for cost-effectiveness analyses of prevention, intervention and control measures. Publication Outputs * A Global Report and Global Atlas on FBD morbidity, disability and mortality. Both will be made accessible online and through software available to scientists in developing countries. * A peer reviewed paper series in a high-impact journal with at least 50% of authors from developing countries. Foodborne Disease Burden Epidemiology Reference Group The Foodborne Disease Burden Epidemiology Reference Group (FERG) is composed of internationally renowned experts in a broad range of disciplines relevant to global foodborne disease epidemiology. Members were appointed by the WHO Director-General, Dr Margaret Chan, following a transparent selection process. A complete list of FERG Members, technical and resource advisers can be accessed here. The expert group is charged to: * assemble, appraise and report on the current, the projected as well as the averted burden of foodborne disease estimates; * conduct epidemiological reviews for mortality, morbidity and disability in each of the major foodborne diseases; * provide models for the estimation of FBD burden where data are lacking; * develop cause attribution models to estimate the proportion of diseases that are foodborne; and, most importantly * use the FERG models to develop user-friendly tools for burden of foodborne disease studies at country level. To estimate the global human health burden (expressed in Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs), FERG will initially focus on microbial, parasitic, zoonotic and chemical contamination of food with an emphasis: * on diseases whose incidence and severity is thought to be high. * on pathogens and chemicals that are most likely to contaminate food and which have a high degree of preventability. Structure and Composition of FERG FERG consists of a Core (or Steering) Group to coordinate and oversee the scientific work, four different Thematic Task Forces advancing the work in specific areas as shown in the figure below; and external resource and technical advisers who are invited on an ad hoc basis to provide specific expertise. Country Studies One key element needed to establish the global burden of foodborne diseases is to look at national estimates. the FERG will strive for this by strengthening the capacity of countries to undertake national burden of foodborne disease assessments and provide them with the tools needed to conduct these studies. The FERG Country Studies Task Force is composed of two 'pillars' - the Burden of Disease Group and the Knowledge Translation and Policy Group. It is mandated to produce protocols that will enable countries to undertake their own burden of foodborne disease assessments while, at the same time, conducting policy context mapping. The results of the policy context mapping will feed back into the research cycle, thus ensuring that the burden information gathered is meaningful and useful to end-users. Pilot country studies are being planned to test the protocols developed and improve them before commencing full country studies in all six WHO regions. The pilots are set to commence in early 2011. Partnerships and Collaboration International partnerships have been forged and continue to expand. To date they include institutions such as the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), USA, the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), the National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM) in The Netherlands, the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), the United States Food and Drug Administration (USFDA), the governments of the United Kingdom, Japan, Germany, Ireland, Sri Lanka, among others. Collaboration with external experts from governmental, non-governmental and academic institutions (such as scientists from the recently established Health Metrics and Evaluation Institute, HMEI) are being intensified to ensure scientific synergy. Moreover, FERG capitalizes on WHO's wide collaboration with numerous surveillance networks, including GFN, PulseNet, US FoodNet, Enternet, the International Collaboration on Enteric Burden of Illness Studies, among others. Close interactions with other external stakeholders have been established and fostered during annual events since the Initiative's inception. These stakeholder events are attended by WHO Member States, bi- and multilateral donors, foundations, agricultural and food industry, consumer groups, NGOs, academia as well as scientific and public media and have each time shown how important dialogue is with our stakeholder community. Further engagement will be fostered and expanded as the Initiative enters the country studies phase.

Haiti- CHOLERA UPDATE 2011
13 Jan 2011
The Gazette (Montreal), Agence France-Presse (AFP) report [edited] [ProMed]
Haiti's cholera death toll has risen to 3759, government figures showed on Thursday, 13 Jan. 2011, but daily fatalities linked to the epidemic appeared to trend downward in the first days of 2011. The figure, which marks the total toll from the discovery of the outbreak in mid-October 2010 through 7 Jan. 2011, is just over 100 more than the Health Ministry's previous toll released one week ago. Total infections rose to 181,000 in Haiti, including 101,000 people who have been treated in hospital. Haiti's 13 Jan. 2011 figures put the mortality rate at 2.1%.
Related Stories:
Haiti - CHOLERA Update
31 Dec. 2010
Herald Sun [edited] [ProMed]
Haiti's cholera death toll has soared in recent days with 3,333 people dead. The figures, released on 30 Dec. 2010, included a 1-day record high for the daily number of fatalities since the outbreak erupted in mid-October 2010. The total number of infections soared toward 150,000 in Haiti. The Pan-American Health Organization in early December 2010 estimated Haiti could see up to 400,000 cholera cases over the next 12 months, half of them within 3 months alone.
Haiti- CHOLERA: HAITI, DOMINICAN REPUBLIC, PAHO
22 Dec 2010
Fox News [edited] [ProMed]
Haiti's cholera death toll since the mid-October 2010 outbreak has reached 2,591 official figures showed Wednesday, 22 December 2010. Health ministry figures (as of 17 Dec 2010) showed that 121,518 people have been treated for cholera.
Haiti- CHOLERA UPDATE
7 Dec. 2010
Haiti Libre [edited] [ProMed]
Since the beginning of the epidemic (19 Nov 2010), 93,222 people have been infected with cholera and treated, 44,157 have been hospitalized and 2,120 people have died of the disease (latest figures of 4 Dec 2010 published by the Ministry of Public Health and Population). The epidemic has spread throughout the territory. The south is seriously affected and the mortality rate is 58.1 percent.
Haiti- Cholera Update
26 Nov 2010
Agence France-Presse (AFP) [edited] [ProMed]
The death toll from Haiti's cholera epidemic rose to 1,603 on Thursday, 25 November 2010, up from 1,415 just two days prior, according to the health ministry. The outbreak has infected 69,776 people since it was first detected in mid-October 2010, of whom 29,871 have been hospitalized. There have been isolated cases beyond Haiti's borders with four in the neighboring Dominican Republic and one in Miami, Florida.
Haiti- CHOLERA UPDATE
19 Nov 2010
Reuters [edited] [ProMed]
Haiti's cholera epidemic will inevitably spread to the Dominican Republic but is likely to cause less devastation there than compared to Haiti. Many Haitians work in the Dominican Republic and because cholera infections often do not show symptoms, the waterborne disease could easily cross the border according to WHO. More than 1110 people have died in Haiti from the cholera outbreak, and more than 18 000 have become sick.
Haiti- Cholera Update
16 Nov. 2010
Agence France-Presse [edited] [ProMed]
More than 1,000 people have died from cholera in Haiti and 16,800 have been hospitalized, health officials said Tuesday, 16 Nov 2010, as the outbreak spreads among earthquake survivors in the capital's tent cities. The health ministry death toll of 1,034 (accurate up to Sunday, 14 Nov 2010) is 117 higher than the last official toll announced at the weekend, nearly a month after the disease surfaced in the desperately poor Caribbean nation.
Haiti- Cholera update, suspected Dominican Republic spread
9 Nov 2010
Fox News [edited] [ProMed]
Officials with the UN confirmed that the cholera epidemic in Haiti has spread from the countryside of the tiny island nation to its capital of Port-Au-Prince, a development that could affect millions of people. According to an UN spokesperson, one person has died because of cholera in the Port-Au-Prince neighborhood of Cite Soleil, with at least 115 suspected cases overall in the city. Across Haiti, there are at least 9123 people hospitalized and 583 deaths, caused by the waterborne disease. Officials expect the numbers to climb.
Haiti -UPDATE TROPICAL STORM
6 Nov. 2010
YahooNews [edited] [ProMed]
Earthquake-hit Haiti escaped a fresh disaster threatened by Hurricane Tomas, but the storm caused flooding that killed 8 people and increased the contagion threat from a deadly cholera epidemic, the government and aid workers reported on Saturday, 6 Nov 2010. Amid widespread relief that the hurricane largely spared crowded camps in the Haitian capital housing 1.3 million quake survivors, the international humanitarian operation was turning its attention back to the 2-week-old epidemic, which has killed just over 500 people and sickened more than 7000. The cholera epidemic, which has affected 5 of Haiti's provinces, still appeared to be spreading. Haiti's health ministry released updated figures showing 501 people had died through 4 Nov 2010, up from 442 on 3 Nov 2010.
Related Stories:
Haiti- Cholera outbreak continues to spread
4 Nov. 2010
PAHO.org [edited] [CAHFS-DailyNews]
The death toll from Haiti's cholera epidemic spiked to 442 on Wednesday, 3 Nov 2010, with 105 more deaths since Saturday and more than a 40% jump in new cases. Haitian health authorities reported that an additional 1978 people were hospitalized, raising the total number of cases to 6742. The developments reflect a surge both in new cases and deaths. Meanwhile, hospitals have been overwhelmed by cholera cases despite intensive efforts to respond to a disease that many fear could spread like wildfire if it reaches densely populated Port-au-Prince. Hundreds of thousands of people left homeless by a devastating earthquake in January 2010 live in unsanitary camps in and around the city.
Haiti- CHOLERA
1 Nov. 2010
Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) [edited] [ProMed]
MSPP (Ministere de la sante publique et de la population/Ministry of Public Health and Population) has not released new reports on cases. The latest available data is from Saturday, Oct. 30th 2010: 4,764 cases and 337 deaths reported due to cholera. Health partners throughout Haiti are preparing for the possible impact of tropical storm Tomas. The humanitarian community, including PAHO/WHO, is coordinating with Haiti's Department of Civil Protection.

Hungary- Chemical sludge spill
7 Oct. 2010
BBC News [edited] [CAHFS-DailyNews]
Hungary is racing to prevent red chemical sludge from a huge spill reaching the Danuberiver. Disaster officials say the toxic sludge has killed all the fish in the Marcal, the river first hit by a disaster which has left at least four people dead, three others missing and another 120 with injuries including burns. The sludge is a hazardous mixture of water and mining waste containing heavy metals.
Related Stories:
Hungary- Sludge death toll rises
8 Oct. 2010
BBC News [edited] [CAHFS-DailyNews]
The death toll following the spill of a large amount of toxic red sludge from an industrial plant in western Hungaryhas risen to seven. Experts have been pouring large quantities of clay and acid into affected waterways in an effort to neutralize the alkaline pollutants. Officials have said that there is no longer a risk of biological or environmental damage, and drinking water supplies had not been affected. However it was also noted that the sludge had a high content of heavy metals including carcinogens which could go down the rivers and enter the food chain.
Hungary- TOXIC SPILL - FATAL, HEAVY METALS
11 Oct 2010
Nature News [edited] [ProMed]
A week after around one million cubic meters of red sludge escaped from a Hungarian alumina factory, an analysis commissioned by an environmental group has revealed that more than 50 tones of arsenic may have been released as a result of the spill. The sludge, a by-product of alumina (aluminium oxide) production, has killed at least 7 people and contaminated several thousand hectares of land north of Hungary's Lake Balaton. The closest village and two smaller villages may have to be abandoned completely, and scientists predict that the environment will take years to recover. In addition to containing almost twice as much arsenic (110 milligrams per kilogram dry mass) as expected for the red mud resulting from aluminium oxide production, the concentrations of mercury and chromium are also relatively high.

SFI's data has been analyzed and PUBLISHED in a peer reviewed journal! Please visit the follow website: http://safefoodinternational.org/reports.html and read, Food Protection Trends, August 2010: A Comparison of the Burden of Foodborne and Waterborne Diseases in Three World Regions. For this article, 2008 data was collected through the SFI Regional News and analyzed from three of the six regions where sufficient data was available -- Europe, Africa, and the Western Pacific regions. This is a new model for public health surveillance, and the hope is that advocacy organizations, along with scientists and government officials, will use this information to improve public health programs. CSPI has been able to track and compile this information over time. This article is our first effort in this direction. Ultimately the data can help development and public health specialists assess emerging trends in the food and the agricultural sectors.

WHO- Prevention of foodborne disease: Five keys to safer food
01 October 2010
WHO [edited] [BITES]
http://www.who.int/foodsafety/consumer/5keys/en/index.html
Simple messages and measures can have a big impact on health protection. These Five Keys to Safer Food have already contributed to the prevention of foodborne illness and deserve to be communicated more widely. Each day millions of people become ill and thousands die from a preventable foodborne disease. Proper food preparation can prevent many foodborne diseases. As part of its global strategy to decrease the burden of foodborne diseases, WHO identified the need to communicate a simple global health message based on scientific evidence, to educate all types of food handlers, including ordinary consumers. The Five Keys to Safer Food message, and associated training materials, were developed to provide countries with materials that are easy to use, reproduce and adapt to different target audiences. The five keys to safer food are: - Keep clean - Separate raw and cooked - Cook thoroughly - Keep food at safe temperatures - Use safe water and raw materials

World Health Organization - Estimating the global burden of foodborne diseases- a collaborative effort
07 May 2009
Eurosurveillance, Volume 14, Issue 18 [edited] [FSNet]
T Kuchenmüller, S Hird, C Stein, P Kramarz, A Nanda, A H Havelaar
Illness and death from diseases caused by unsafe food are a constant threat to public health security as well as socio-economic development throughout the world. The full extent of the burden and cost of foodborne diseases associated with pathogenic bacterial, viral and parasitic microorganisms, and food contaminated by chemicals is still unknown but is thought to be substantial. The World Health Organization (WHO) Initiative to estimate the global burden of foodborne diseases aims to fill the current data gap and respond to the increasing global interest in health information. Collaborative efforts are required to achieve the ambitious task of assessing the foodborne disease burden from all causes worldwide. Recognising the need to join forces, the WHO Initiative has assembled an alliance of stakeholders which share and support the Initiative's vision, intended objectives and outcomes. One important collaborator is the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) which has embarked on a burden of disease study covering at least 18 foodborne diseases in nearly 30 countries.

Sources and Terms of Use

Southeast Asia: Food/Water Borne Illness Outbreaks

CaitlinCatella — Thu, 26 Jan 2012 09:08:37 CST

Bangladesh- Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever, fatal
22 Jan 2012
Gulf News [edited] [ProMed]
http://gulfnews.com/news/gulf/oman/smuggled-livestock-could-have-caused-congo-fever-in-buraimi-1.969371
Smuggled livestock could have caused the Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) infection of a Bangladeshi person, who died last week. Persons at the hospital said the death of the man, who was involved in handling livestock, could also have been caused by CCHF. The trade of illegally imported livestock is thriving. There was no investigation carried out to determine his death although his symptoms were similar to CCHF. Also, a middle-aged person, who died last week, was a cook working with a restaurant in Buraimi. The health authorities are confused about how the restaurant employee contracted the infection when he had no direct contact with livestock, but the worker could have been involved in loading/unloading smuggled livestock and could have contracted infection while handling the illegal cargo.

India- Two die of food poisoning
22 Jan. 2012
PTI [edited] [BITES]
http://ibnlive.in.com/generalnewsfeed/news/two-die-of-food-poisoning/954280.html
Two persons have died and 10 others are sick due to food poisoning. The victims fell ill after having pork meat during a community feast. Two persons died on way to the hospital. The seriously ill have been admitted to the hospital.

India- Cholera
10 Jan 2012
Express News Service
http://ibnlive.in.com/news/after-gastro-scare-9-cholera-cases-in-ut/219849-60-118.html
Out of the 106 people affected by gastroenteritis over the last four days, 9 were found to be suffering from cholera. The director of health and family welfare stated that the patients were from areas affected by water contamination.
In addition, 91 cases were admitted to the one hospital and 15 cases another health center with diarrhea and vomiting.

Myanmar- Foodborne illness

12 Jan 2012

Myanmar Times [edited] [ProMed]

http://www.myanmar.mmtimes.com/2012/news/551/news07.html

The town of Hlaing Thar Yar, 46 people had nausea, vomiting and diarrhea on 31 Dec 2011 and were admitted to the local hospital. According to the Township Medical Officer the sick people ate leftover chicken curry and soup leftover from a funeral. There were 23 males and 23 females admitted to the hospital along with one child who was only vomiting a little.

India- 60 students sick after midday meal

13 Jan. 2012

Times of India [edited] [BITES]

http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/bangalore/60-students-sick-after-midday-meal/articleshow/11469925.cms

Over 60 girls from a high school were hospitalized on Thursday afternoon when they became sick after their midday meal. Except for three girls, all were discharged by that night. The students started vomiting and complained of nausea and stomach pain after they ate rice and majjigehuli (a curd preparation).

India- 58 students suffer from suspected food poisoning
08 Jan. 2012
IBN Live [edited] [BITES]
http://ibnlive.in.com/generalnewsfeed/news/58-students-suffer-from-suspected-food-poisoning/947972.html
In a suspected case of food poisoning at a government school, as many as fifty-eight female students became sick and were admitted in hospitals according to police. The girls started vomiting soon after having lunch at their hostel canteen. Six girls, whose conditions are stated to be serious, were being sent to another hospital for further treatment.

India- 60 villagers suffer from food poisoning

03 Jan. 2012
IBN Live [edited] [BITES]
http://ibnlive.in.com/generalnewsfeed/news/60-villagers-suffer-from-food-poisoning/945614.html
At least 60 people have become ill after eating food at a ceremony. The villagers were admitted to a local hospital with acute abdominal pain, vomiting and diarrhea. It is reported that the ill persons ate rice, dal, mushroom, kofta and other items.

India- Alcohol poisoning, methanol suspected
2 Jan 2012
Agence France-Presse (AFP) report [edited] [ProMed]
http://www.lefigaro.fr/flash-actu/2012/01/02/97001-20120102FILWWW00236-alcool-frelate-en-inde-au-moins-17-morts.php
At least 17 people died after drinking adulterated alcohol in southern India. All the victims were workers. Samples of the alcohol were taken for analysis.

India- Food poisoning – 30 students ill
29 Dec. 2011
Daiji World [edited] [BITES]
http://www.daijiworld.com/news/news_disp.asp?n_id=125944
Over 30 students of a residential school became ill after consuming food at the school. The incident happened on Wednesday December 28. While 15 students were taken away by their parents for treatment, some were provided emergency medical assistances. Three students were admitted into the hospital for treatment. The students complained that the kitchen of the school was unhygienic, and that the cooks do not care to clean the vegetables and other cooking ingredients, even when they find bugs in their food.

India- Hepatitis E, waterborne

22 Dec. 2011
Times of India, Rajkot [edited] [ProMed]
There has been an increase in the number of patients suffering from hepatitis E and jaundice in Mehsana town since September [2011]. Towns have recorded over 400 cases so far, but the health department has put the number of cases at 68. It is suspected by residents that water supply pipelines were damaged in September when telephone cables were being replaced in their town, which led to the contamination of drinking water. According to a municipal chief officer, they have begun replacing the pipes, but have not found leaks/brakes in the pipes, and water in the affected area is being supplied through tankers.

Bangladesh- Foodborne illness fatal, possibly due to cholera
14 Dec 2011
The Daily Star [edited] [ProMed]
http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/news-details.php?nid=214087
Three people died and at least 23 others are still in critical condition due to food poisoning after eating at a religious congregation on Sunday morning, 11 Dec 2011. Around 2000 people came down with diarrhea after eating food made of rice, vegetables and beef. It is believed that excessive dehydration caused the deaths.

India- Ethanol poisoning, fatal
14 Dec 2011
BBC [edited] [ProMed]
http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-india-16174531
More than 50 people have died after consuming toxic alcohol in India's West Bengal state. Several residents became sick after drinking the alcohol on Tuesday night [13 Dec 2011]. Four people have been arrested and almost 100 people are being treated in a hospital. According to reports, toxic alcohol deaths are common in India. Recently, the state of Gujarat introduced a law making the illegal manufacture and sale of toxic alcohol there punishable by death.

Bangladesh- 3 killed in food poisoning, 23 still in critical condition
14 Dec. 2011
The Daily Star [edited] [BITES]
http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/news-details.php?nid=214087
Three people died over the last two days, and 23 others are in critical condition due to food poisoning after consuming khichui at a religious congregation . Around 2,000 people were sick with diarrhea after eating rice with vegetables and beef. It has been reported that about 300 people received treatment at the hospital. Most of them were released yesterday morning as their condition improved.

India- Hepatitis A
12 Dec 2011
The Hindu [edited] [ProMed]
http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Kochi/article2708629.ece
There has been a rise in waterborne diseases in the Kochi district of Kerala state. Hepatitis A, which is linked to the monsoon season, has created most of the problems for the district Health department. Last year, there were only 36 cases of hepatitis A reported - this year (as of Dec. 8, 2011), the number of confirmed cases is 237 with another 726 cases reported as suspected. There were also 5 deaths.

India- 200 suffer from food poisoning
07 Dec. 2011
Times of India [edited] [BITES]
http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/11013626.cms
More than 200 people became ill after drinking milk-shakes during the Muharram observance in two villages. It’s been reported that about eight ambulances were rushed to these villages. Victims were taken to health centers. Officials have stated that there was a problem with a batch of milk consumed, which resulted in the incident.

Inida- Nearly 100 people suffer food poisoning at wedding
05 Dec. 2011
India TV [edited] [BITES]
http://www.indiatvnews.com/news/India/Nearly_People_Suffer_Food_Poisoning_In_Meerut_Wedding-12596.html
Nearly 100 members at a wedding in a village on Sunday fell ill due to food poisoning, after consuming sweets. Six of them are in serious condition and have been admitted to hospital. Police suspected that gaajar ka halwa and rasgullas made from mawa could be the reason behind the food poisoning.

Thailand- Prime Minister hospitalized with food poisoning
29 Nov. 2011
Barfblog [edited] [BITES]
http://www.barfblog.com/blog/151646/11/11/29/thai-pm-yingluck-hospitalized-food-poisoning
The Thai Prime Minister was admitted to a hospital Tuesday morning due to food poisoning according to the Thai government.

India- More than 50 nurses sick from food poisoning
22 Nov. 2011
India TV [edited] [BITES]
http://www.indiatvnews.com/news/India/More_Than_Indore_Nurses_Fall_Sick_Due_To_Food-12262.html
More than 50 student nurses became ill on Monday after having meals at the college.
They were admitted to a local hospital, where they are recovering. The administration of School of Nursing is questioning the cafeteria manager about the quality of meals that were served.

India- Six minors in hospital for food poisoning
20 Nov. 2011
Deccan Chronicle [edited] [BITES]
http://www.deccanchronicle.com/channels/cities/regions/karimnagar/six-minors-hospital-food-poisoning-752
Six minor inmates of the district women and child development agency were admitted to a hospital for food poisoning. Hospital sources stated that all six victims were admitted between Friday night and Thursday because of vomiting.

Indonesia- Athletes sick during Southeast Asian Games
16 Nov. 2011
Barfblog [edited] [BITES]
http://www.barfblog.com/blog/151454/11/11/16/athletes-stricken-runs-southeast-asian-games
Up to half of 11 national sport delegations at the Southeast Asian Games in Indonesia suffered from diarrhea. After the games opened, more cases of diarrhea were reported at the athlete village. Singapore reported 22 athletes with diarrhea, half of them are swimmers who ate meals at the athlete village’s kitchen. Four athletes who stay in a hotel outsider the village also suffer from diarrhea. Thailand had 10 swimmers became ill and one coach. Malaysia announced that 10 gymnasts and shooters were also ill. A hotel has been identified as the provider of food for the athlete village.

India- 22 students fall ill due to food poisoning
16 Nov. 2011
Daily News & Analysis [edited] [BITES]
http://www.dnaindia.com/mumbai/report_22-students-fall-ill-due-to-food-poisoning-in-nashik_1613304
At least 22 students of a primary school became ill due to suspected food poisoning after they consumed mid-day meals. The incident took place yesterday afternoon when students complained of vomiting after eating rice and vegetables provided by the government's nutrition food plan.

Sri Lanka- Thirty military personnel hospitalized for food poisoning
09 Nov. 2011
Times Online [edited] [BITES]
http://www.sundaytimes.lk/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=12752:thirty-military-personal-hospitalized-for-food-poisoning&catid=1:latest-news&Itemid=547
About 30 Army, Navy, Air force and Police personnel were admitted to a hospital after a meal was suspected to have caused food poisoning.

Thailand- Flood related LEPTOSPIROSIS
8 Nov. 2011
The Nation [edited] [ProMed]
http://www.nationmultimedia.com/national/Health-warnings-stepped-up-30169434.html
Health hazards are becoming a major concern as contamination of floodwater by uncollected garbage is widespread – while warnings against waterborne zoonoses [diseases transferred from animals to humans] and food poisoning have been issued. The Public Health Ministry's Department of Medical Sciences yesterday [7 Nov 2011] warned of possible leptospirosis in flooded areas and against consuming ice and iced drinks from unknown production sources. The minister reported one leptospirosis case in Khon Kaen and 20 suspected cases. The bacterial disease, which is found usually in flooded areas up to 3 weeks after a flood recedes, is potentially fatal if not properly treated.

Thailand- Diarrheal illness
8 Nov 2011
The Nation [edited] [ProMed]
http://www.nationmultimedia.com/breakingnews/72-diarrhoea-cases-reported-at-Nonthaburi-condomin-30169502.html
Authorities have advised residents in flooded areas to boil tap water before drinking it, after 72 cases of diarrhea were reported at a condominium. A Department of Disease Control [DDC] investigation confirmed that all those who fell ill drank tap water without boiling it. Water should be boiled for 5 minutes. Chlorine is provided free at the DDC.

Indonesia- Methanol poisoning
31 Oct 2011
The New Zealand Herald, Otago Daily Times report [edited] [ProMed]
http://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/news/article.cfm?c_id=1&objectid=10762852
A man who died in Bali while on a rugby trip may have drunk a potent local cocktail that has been linked to 29 deaths. It is believed that the cocktails contain arak, made from fermented rice, palm sap, and other ingredients. If it contained methanol it could be fatal.

Myanmar- Foodborne illness linked to staphylococcal
31 Oct. 2011
The Myanmar Times [edited] [ProMed]
http://www.mmtimes.com/2011/news/599/news59915.html
Health officials have pinpointed the cause of food poisoning that left hundreds of people ill following a ceremony in early October 2011. The head of the Mandalay Region Department of Health stated that incident resulted from the poor personal hygiene of a person preparing food at the event. Following the outbreak, food samples were sent to the National Health Laboratory and the laboratory found that chicken curry and fried dried shrimp had been contaminated by a bacterium. Food poisoning victims were admitted to a local hospital and discharged the same day.

India- Suspected food poisoning: 100 people fall ill in Gujarat
01 Nov. 2011
IBN Live [edited] [BITES]
http://ibnlive.in.com/generalnewsfeed/news/suspected-food-poisoning-100-people-fall-ill-in-gujarat/882740.html
At least 100 people fell ill due to suspected food poisoning after consuming meals at a religious function according to police. The incident took place last night when 1000 people ate food at the program. Nearly 100 people complained of vomiting and diarrhea after eating Basundi (milk sweet) and ice-cream.

Thailand- CHOLERA
30 Oct. 2011
Wan Tourism News [edited] [ProMed]
http://phuketwan.com/tourism/-run-border-port-faces-cholera-outbreak-14937/
An outbreak of cholera in Ranong has alarmed local health authorities. A Burmese cook in a restaurant who did not realize she had the highly infectious disease was traced as the cause of 24 cases in the past week [week of 24 Oct 2011]. Four more people were admitted to a hospital on Oct. 30th. A total of 98 people had come down with cholera so far this year [2011], well above the total for all of last year [2010]. Transmission of cholera is primarily due to the fecal contamination of food and water because of poor sanitation.

India- Suspected food poisoning lands 40 students in hospital
21 Oct. 2011
daijiworld.com [edited] [BITES]
http://www.daijiworld.com/news/news_disp.asp?n_id=119650
An event organized to bid farewell to college students on Wednesday, October 19th, turned out to be an occasion they would not forget. After the event, many of students went to the hospital due to suspected cases of food poisoning. Food from a city-based hotel including burgers, were supplied for the function. Out of around 300 persons who consumed food at the function, nearly 160 complained of nausea and other complications.

India- Trichinellosis
17 Oct. 2011
The Pioneer [edited] [ProMed]
http://www.dailypioneer.com/nation/13827-ten-die-after-consuming-infected-meat-in-pauri.html
A total of 10 people died and a larger number of people from villages were hospitalized after they consumed wild boar meat. The villagers died from trichinosis, caused by eating raw or undercooked pork or bush meat infected with the larvae of trichinella.

Sri Lanka- Police arrest five people over food poisoning of 580 children
17 Oct. 2011
Colombo Page [edited] [BITES]
http://www.colombopage.com/archive_11B/Oct17_1318828844CH.php
Sri Lanka Police arrested five people in connection with the food poisoning incident that hospitalized over 500 children in the town of Talawakele. The children had consumed food prepared for an event. Police arrested people attached to the NGO which organized the function and another person who supplied the food. Health officials have stated that a majority of the children are suffering from minor ailments.

India- Food poisoning kills 3
16 Oct. 2011
Times of India [edited] [BITES]
http://m.timesofindia.com/city/guwahati/Food-poisoning-kills-3/articleshow/10373684.cms
Three children died and eight others of a family became ill from food poisoning. The family had gone for a dinner party and consumed hilsa fish. Eight members of the family fell ill and were rushed to the local public health center. Relatives stated that the police and other concerned officials delayed in responding to the incident.

India- 70 ill after food poisoning
11.Oct. 2011
IBN Live [edited] [BITES]
http://ibnlive.in.com/generalnewsfeed/news/70-ill-after-food-poisoning/853006.html
At least 70 people became ill after consuming food. Last night the people had eaten food items prepared with rice in the house of one person a village along Chabua town. Early this morning they started to vomit and had severe stomach pains.

India- 16 men of Haryana Armed Police suffer food poisoning
11.Oct. 2011
Hindustan Times [edited] [BITES]
http://www.hindustantimes.com/16-men-of-Haryana
As many as 16 men of the Haryana Armed Police (HAP) were admitted to a hospital on Sunday with symptoms of food poisoning after having meal.

India- Two kids die of food poisoning
10.Oct. 2011
Times of India
http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/pune/Two-kids-die-of-food-poisoning/articleshow/10299645.cms
A seven-year-old boy and his five-year-old sister died after drinking tea. According to police, the tea was contaminated with insecticide. The grandmother and great grandmother of the kids, also had the same tea in their house and became ill. Their condition is said to be critical but stable. Chemical analysis of their blood samples have revealed that the four suffered from organophosphate toxicity poisoning, caused by a certain insecticide.

Myanmar- Foodborne illness
8 Oct 2011
BBC Burmese [edited] [ProMed]
http://www.bbc.co.uk/burmese/burma/2011/10/111008_food_poison.shtml
In the town, Amarapura, nearly 600 local people are experiencing nausea, vomiting and diarrhea after consuming foods from a donation ceremony and are receiving treatment at clinics and hospitals. Many people became ill due to consuming biryani and other foods served at the donation ceremony. Although this outbreak is assumed to be caused by the foods from the ceremony, contaminated wells are also suspected because of recent flooding.

India- Foodborne Illness
4 Oct 2011
Food and Beverage News [edited] [ProMed]
<http://www.fnbnews.com/article/detnews.asp?articleid=30656&sectionid=1>
The recent food poisoning incident at the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Bombay, is being linked to Klebsiella. It has been reported that 4 stool samples and water samples were taken, and 3 indicated Klebsiella and the one identified E. coli. The symptoms of Klebsiella are diarrhea and cramps.

India- As food poisoning cases pile up, FDA bans varai sale
03 Oct. 2011
Food & Beverage News [edited] [BITES]
http://www.fnbnews.com/article/detnews.asp?articleid=30652&sectionid=1
The Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Maharashtra, has issued a temporary ban on sale of varai (samo rice) in Maharashtra and appealed to consumers to avoid its consumption, as over 200 people have become ill after eating in Pune, Solapur, and Kolhapur districts of the state. Varai is sold in two forms—one as grain and the other as flour.

Thailand- Food poisoning
2 Oct 2011
National News Bureau of Thailand Public Relations Department [edited] [ProMed]
<http://thainews.prd.go.th/en/news.php?id=255410020008>
Reports suggest that 100 disaster victims are suffering from severe food poisoning, nausea and diarrhea after consuming donated cooked food. According to the Ministry of Public Health, 10 medical emergency units were deployed in Chai Nat province. Local public health offices have also been assigned to deploy mobile medical units to help the victims in the region. Fast spreading illnesses are currently affecting flood victims due to poor hygienic conditions and the lack of clean drinking water.

India- JAUNDICE CONTAMINATED WATER
22 Sep. 2011
Kashmir Dispatch [edited] [ProMed]
A local news agency reported on the 22nd of September 2011 that 3 people, including 2 infants, have died, and 13 people have been hospitalized in south Kashmir's Shopian district due to an outbreak of jaundice. It has been reported that 2 pregnant women in the district were suffering from jaundice and were shifted to a hospital. Both women delivered, but the infants did not survive and passed away minutes after being born. Doctors at the hospital stated that the infants died due to jaundice. People in the area have expressed anger against the Public Health Engineering Department for failing to provide a clean water supply.

Indonesia- 120 sick from food poisoning
23 Sep. 2011
Jakarta Globe [edited] [BITES]
Some 120 members of the Islamic Defenders Front (FPI) have been hospitalized suffering from food poisoning after eating food distributed during a protest. The victims include five children and 13 women.

India- 37 girls hospitalized due to food poisoning
15 Sept. 2011
DNA [edited] [BITES]
It has been reported that more than 37 girls from a local school in Malegaon were rushed to a hospital after a they complained of nausea and vomiting. The girls had eaten khichdi for lunch and began vomiting and complaining of nausea.

Sri Lanka- 150 workers hospitalized after food poisoning
08 Sep. 2011
Xinhua News Agency [edited] [BITES]
Over 150 employees of a garment factory were admitted to hospital on Thursday with suspected food poisoning. The police reported that over 150 female workers had to be rushed to a nearby hospital after they fell sick. The employees had consumed food from three canteens in the area and later started vomiting and suffered from severe indigestion.

India- 50 fall ill due to food poisoning
08 Sep. 2011
PTI [edited] [BITES]
Fifty people became ill due to food poisoning after they ate rice at a marriage. People complained of headaches, vomiting and stomach pains.

India- Over 100 ill due to alleged food poisoning
05 Sep. 2011
The New Indian Express [edited] [BITES]
Over one hundred persons, including children, were admitted to hospitals in Balasore and Mayurbhanj districts on Sunday after eating food during an event. It’s been reported that nearly 132 students fell ill after they had eaten of prasad made of flattened rice. They complained of stomach pain, nausea and vomiting.

India- Meal sends 44 children to hospital
04 Sep. 2011
Indian Express [edited] [BITES]
At least 44 students of a government school in West Delhi were admitted to a hospital for food poisoning on Saturday morning after they reportedly consumed mid-day meals which mistakenly contained lizard. Police has registered a case of endangering life and safety of others under section 337 of the IPC against the food supplier.

India- 36 kids hospitalized, suspected food poisoning
04 Sep. 2011
IBN Live News [edited] [BITES]
Up to 36 children were hospitalized with symptoms of food poisoning after they consumed food from a road-side vendor. They complained of vomiting after eating food items like idli and dosa from the vendor. Blood samples and other tests are being conducted on the children.

Thailand- Woman dies, 42 sick from food poisoning
04 Sep. 2011
The Nation [edited] [BITES]
A 62-year-old woman died from food poisoning and 42 others became ill and had to be hospitalized after they ate pork that was not properly cooked at a funeral. Investigators found the pork came from a pig that died while giving birth. Its owner had cut and distributed the meat to neighbors while some meat was cooked at the funeral.

Thailand- CHOLERA
25 Aug 2011
Chulalongkorn University, Information Center for Emerging
Infectious Diseases [edited] [ProMed]
The Chief of the Ranong Provincial Health Office has stated that there were 7 cholera case reported. Some of the ill persons were employees working in fish processing plants and fishing boats. Based on an investigation, the cause of the cholera was people consuming under cooked seafood, such as mussel, and a lack of hand washing before eating.

Thailand- CHOLERA
18 Aug 2011
The ASTV Manager Online [edited] [ProMed]
The Pattani Provincial Health Office warned people about a cholera outbreak. The outbreak is still going on and being spread over 12 districts. There have been 40 cholera cases and one death reported.

India- Fifteen suffer from food poisoning
13 Aug. 2011
IBN Live [edited] [BITES]
Fifteen persons, including 5 children, were admitted to a hospital due to food poisoning. They were taken to the hospital after they complained of vomiting, irritation, and nausea after consuming a food item at home called prasad.

India- Girl dies of food poisoning and 51 ill
29 July 2011
The Times of India [edited] [BITES]
A 14-year-old girl died and 51 others became ill (24 of them seriously ill) after they ate soaked gram during a religious ceremony. All ill persons have complained of vomiting and cramps.

Thailand- Mushroom poisoning
17 July 2011
Thai News Agency [edited] [ProMed]
The Public Health Ministry Spokesperson stated that each year, particularly in the rainy season (May-August), there are cases or deaths reported from mushroom poisoning. In Thailand, there are many kinds of poisonous mushrooms. According to the Thai Ministry of Public Health there were 44 outbreaks with a total 1,965 cases and 13 deaths. Nearly 80 percent of cases were in rural areas. Symptoms include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and abdominal pain after eating poisonous mushrooms for approximately 20 minutes to 24 hours. Death occurs in severe cases within one to 8 days, mainly due to liver or kidney failure.

India- Hepatitis E, waterborne
12 Jul 2011
The Times of India [edited] [ProMed]
Hepatitis E is spreading in the city and has been linked to the 40-year-old sewerage pipelines, which contaminate drinking water. Experts have reported that about 60 percent of youths are carriers of hepatitis E virus in the city and that one of the major reasons for the spread of the disease is the contaminated drinking water supplied through the pipeline. Also, pregnant women are easily infected with the disease.

Thailand- diarrheal illness
12 July 2011
The ASTV Manager Online [edited] [ProMed]
The chief of the Udon Thani Provincial Health Office reported that there were 16,851 diarrhea cases in Udon Thani province between Jan. 1st and July 12th 2011. Major causes of illness were viral infection, food poisoning, and drinking unclean water. Symptoms were stomachache, nausea, vomit, and diarrhea. To prevent the illness, people are being advised to wash their hands often with soap and clean water, drink boiled or clean water, buy food from clean shops, and dispose of food waste after finishing meals. In addition, food sellers should wash their hands every time before handling food and should not work while they have diarrhea.

India- Cholera Update
3 July 2011
DNA India [edited] [ProMed]
Mumbai is reeling from many cases of waterborne diseases like jaundice, diarrhea, and gastroenteritis and now cholera has been added to the list. Two children tested positive for cholera at a hospital on July 1, 2011. The patients were hospitalized with complaints of vomiting, diarrhea, and stomach cramps. Doctors treating them stated that they exhibited classic symptoms of cholera including severe dehydration.

Thailand- Foodborne illness
22 Jun 2011
Thai Visa [edited] [ProMed]
The Public Health Ministry is investigating the death of a 66-year-old British man at a hotel in a northeastern province after developing severe diarrhoea for 2 days. The health agency has taken samples from his body and sent them to a laboratory testing for the European strain of E. coli. The result is expected to be released soon according to the ministry's permanent secretary.

Thailand- Foodborne Illness
10 Jun 2011
Bangkok Post [edited] [ProMed]
More than 70 students from a school in Bangkok were hospitalized on Friday [10 Jun 2011] after suffering from diarrhoea and vomiting. Teachers believe the cause was dinner the night before.

Indonesia- Hundreds of workers suffer food poisoning
24 May 2011
The Jakarta Post [edited] [BITES]
Around 300 employees of a company reported suffering from food poisoning on Monday. The employees were taken to four hospitals for treatment, according to police. One of the employees stated that they had suffered from nausea and vomiting after eating food supplied by a catering company.

India- Watermelon bite put family in hospital
21 May 2011
Daily News & Analysis [edited] [BITES]
A seven member family was hospitalized due to food poisoning from watermelon. The doctor treating the patients stated that stool samples are being tested.

India- Two kids and teen die of food poisoning
27 April 2011
IBN Live [edited] [BITES]
Two children and a teenager died after consuming food at a shack and eight others were hospitalized. Officials suspect that the puri and curry served at the shack were contaminated. About 20 people consumed the food at this location and then later that day began vomiting. One hospitalized person is said to be in critical condition.

Sri Lanka- Food poisoning: 70 hospitalized
29 April 2011
Daily Mirror [edited] [BITES]
At least 70 students were admitted to a hospital due to food poisoning. The students complained of vomiting and severe headaches after having their midday meal. The police and Public Health Inspectors are conducting further investigations into the incident.

India- 49 people ill due to food poisoning
21 April 2011
Daily News & Analysis India [edited] [BITES]
At least 49 persons, including 30 kids, were became ill after eating golgappa and chaat from a roadside vendor. It has been reported that 29 of them were released late last night and 20 of patients are still under observation.

India- Rampant food poisoning hits eateries
21 April 2011
Deccan Chronicle [edited] [BITES]
A recent severe incident of food poisoning, in which 16 people were hospitalized, and repeated complaints of stale food being served in many hotels have led to authorities taking stringent measures to tackle the problem. Food inspectors and health officers will be carrying out raids and random inspections at the public eateries.

India- 2 die of food poisoning, 150 ill
05 April 2011
SifyNews [edited] [BITES]
Two people, including a 10-year-old child, died and over 150 people became ill after consuming food at a religious function. The child died while being taken to a hospital. According to police, food poisoning is suspected.

India- 222 people hit by food poisoning
05 April 2011
Mangalorean [edited] [BITES]
At least 222 people were hospitalized with suspected food poisoning as they fell ill after eating food items prepared from buckwheat flour. Most of the victims ate the buckwheat flour items during celebrations ending a fast. The district administration and food and adulteration department and police are conducting investigations.
Related Story:
India- Foodborne illness linked to adulterated food
07 April 2011
The Times of India, Times News Network (TNN) [edited] [ProMed]
A 50-year-old died due to food poisoning linked to kuttu (buckwheat) on Wednesday [6 April 2011]. More than 300 people have been receiving treatment in hospitals for food poisoning and 17 people have been arrested for selling the suspected food source.

Myanmar- Cholera
05 Apr 2011
Xinhua News Agency [edited] [ProMed]
Cholera has broken out in quake-hit areas in Myanmar's northeast, affecting 96 people. Of them, 48 people were in serious condition due to consumption of unclean drinking water. Due to a recent deadly earthquake that hit Myanmar's northeast, water supply pipes were destroyed and water in the lake was contaminated with waste. Myanmar authorities are carrying out relief work in the quake- hit areas, while the United Nations Children's Fund is providing water purifying tablets and toilet pipes.

India- More than 200 people ill due to food poisoning
03 April 2011
Orissa Diary [edited] [BITES]
Close to 200 people saught treatment due to food poisoning recently. The health officials have stated that these people were kept under observations. It is believed that the ill people were fed Prasad (bhogo). Conditions of the people admitted to the hospital are reported to be stable. Medical teams are staying in the villages where the people are still undergoing treatment.

India- Girl dies, 60 kids sick after eating at a temple
28 March 2011
The Times of India [edited] [BITES]
A seven-year-old girl died on Saturday morning and about 60 other children fell ill after they ate contaminated food at a religious gathering. It is suspected the food was contaminated because after eating, the children suddenly started vomiting and complained of stomach aches. Half of the children have been discharged from the hospital.

Bangladesh- Bans Sale of Palm Sap After Nipah Virus Outbreak
22 March 2011
NYTimes [edited] [CAHFS-DAILYNEWS]
Bangladesh is suffering an outbreak of the deadly Nipah Virus, causing the government to adopt an unusual prevention tactic: a ban on the sale of fresh palm sap. The virus is carried by bats and causes brain inflammation in humans. The Bangladeshi outbreak is lethal, killing 35 of the 40 people known to have been infected. Gatherers of palm sap climb high into the trees, shave the bark with machetes and hang pots on the trunks to collect the sap at night. Large fruit bats are attracted to the sap and fly over to the collecting pots and sometimes fouling the pots with their saliva, urine and/or feces.

Thailand- Foodborne Illness
20 Mar 2011
National News Bureau of Thailand Public Relations Department [edited] [ProMed]
The Ministry of Public Health has issued an official warning against consuming uncooked food during this summer because food can easily spoil due to rising temperatures and bacteria thrive during this season, and can cause food poisoning. The Deputy Public Health Minister stated that the Bureau of Epidemiology found that over 19,000 people had been treated for food poisoning between January and February of 2011. Food that should be avoided includes papaya salad with raw crab meat or any food that contains coconut milk and half-cooked seafood.

India- 24 students hospitalized, food poisoning suspected
17 March 2011
The Hindu [edited] [BITES]
Twenty-four students from a middle school were admitted to a hospital on Wednesday due to symptoms of food poisoning. It has been reported that lunch was provided to about 120 students at the school's noon meal center on Tuesday. In the evening, four students developed nausea. All of the students are reported to be in good condition.

India- 200 ill due to food poisoning
15 March 2011
The Hindu [edited] [BITES]
Over 200 people became ill after consuming sweets during a wedding ceremony according to police. The victims who consumed ‘gajar ka halwa’ at the marriage complained of headache, vomiting, and stomach pain. They were rushed to different hospitals where their conditions are stable. More than 300 people came to attend two weddings.

Thailand- Diarrheal Illnesses
9 March 2011
The ASTV Manager Online [edited] [ProMed]
More than 2,000 diarrhea cases were reported in a province in Thailand. It is believed that most cases were due to food poisoning linked to a recent festival that is held annually around early March. It has been reported that the hot weather exacerbated the growth of microorganisms and caused food to go bad quickly. Suspected foods include papaya salad and rice noodles.

India- 200 children ill due to food poisoning in Allahabad
27 Feb. 2011
Daily India [edited] [BITES]
About 200 children became ill after consuming food at a feast. They were admitted to the local hospital after complaints of stomach pain and vomiting. It is reported that they had puri (Indian fried bread) and halwa (Indian cake) to celebrate a birth.

India- 40 school students fall ill due to suspected food poisoning
05 Feb. 2011
MSN India [edited] [BITES]
It is estimated that 40 students of a primary school fell ill after having a mid-day meal. All the students were admitted to a hospital where they are recovering.

Middle East/North Africa: Food/Water Borne Illness Outbreaks

CaitlinCatella — Thu, 26 Jan 2012 09:01:01 CST

Afghanistan- Over 100 Afghan army soldiers poisoned in Kabul
21 Jan. 2012
Khaama Press [edited] [BITES]
http://www.khaama.com/more-than-100-afghan-army-soldiers-poisoned-in-kabul-485
According to officials in Afghan Defense Ministry, more than 100 Afghan National Army soldiers became ill after eating contaminated food. It is believed that the soldiers were poisoned in Kabul military training facility. An investigation has been launched to find out the facts behind the food poisoning.

Somalia- Cholera at refugee camp
4 Jan 2012
Press TV [edited] [ProMed]
http://presstv.com/detail/219265.html
The cholera outbreak has claimed the lives of at least 25 more children in
Somalia as the humanitarian situation continues to worsen in the famine-stricken country. According to medical sources in a refugee camp near the Ethiopia-Somalia border, at least 25 children died of cholera on Wednesday morning and 278 more children are on the verge of death.

Jordan- Foodborne illnesses
8 Jan 2012
Ammon News [edited] [ProMed]
http://en.ammonnews.net/article.aspx?articleNO=15172
A total of 16 people were admitted into hospitals in the city of Zarqa on Friday [6 Jan 2012] after suffering from food poisoning symptoms. All persons were suffering from similar symptoms after reportedly eating poisoned food. All the patients received medical treatment at the hospitals and are in stable condition according to the civil defense department.

Jordan- 16 people get food poisoning
2 Jan. 2012
AmmonNews.com [edited] [BITES]
http://en.ammonnews.net/article.aspx?articleNO=15172
Sixteen people were admitted into hospitals in the city of Zarqa after suffering from food poisoning symptoms. All the patients apparently ate poisoned food in the Awajan district and are now all in stable condition.

Pakistan- family member dies of food poisoning
22 Dec. 2011
Daily Times [edited] [BITES]
http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2011%5C12%5C22%5Cstory_22-12-2011_pg7_7
A man was killed and five others became very ill, including two women and three children, after consuming contaminated food in the Nasirabad district on Wednesday. They consumed poisonous meat at their residence and then fell unconscious. They were admitted to a nearby hospital where the man was pronounced dead on arrival while the other family members were stated to be stable. Police have launched an investigation into the matter and sent the meat to food lab for test.

Saudi Arabia- 81 food poisoning cases
02 Nov. 2011
Saudi Gazette [edited] [BITES]
http://www.saudigazette.com.sa/index.cfm?method=home.regcon&contentID=20111102111560
A total of 81 people were taken to hospitals in Madina on Monday with food poisoning after eating a meal at an unlicensed caterer. They received medical treatment and samples of the food they had eaten were sent for analysis. The ill persons were suffering from abdominal pains associated with diarrhea and vomiting.

Suez- Toxic fish
12 Oct. 2011
Masrawy.com [edited] [ProMed]
http://www.masrawy.com/News/Cases/General/2011/october/12/POISON.aspx
Five family members from Suez have been diagnosed with acute food poisoning from eating a meal of a toxic fish (Alakrbeh fish), which is banned from hunting or eating. The fish are highly toxic and kill within hours unless the antidote is given in a timely manner. The Security Director of Suez received a message from the hospital stating the arrival of 5 people who showed symptoms of acute poisoning. This fish is also known as "sea-chicken" or "sea cat."

Lebanon- Over 20 people get food poisoning
20 Sep. 2011
NOW Lebanon [edited] [BITES]
The National News Agency reported on Tuesday that a number of people suffered food poisoning after eating ‘Arabic sweets’ from one of the shops in the area. A report stated that 27 people were admitted to hospitals.

Pakistan- Diarrhea, fatal
19 Sep 2011
Pakistan Observer [edited] [ProMed]
At least 7 people died and dozens others were hospitalized after diarrhea broke out in a village (Tirah Valley). According to local sources, it may be due to contaminated water and unhygienic conditions. Local sources have stated that several affected people were in critical condition as there was no facility for medical treatment in the area.

United Arab Emirates- 3 kids suffer food poisoning; restaurant shut, owner fined
08 Sep. 2011
Gulf Today [edited] [BITES]
Three children were rushed to a hospital after they suffered food poisoning from eating a meal at a restaurant on Tuesday. They were in critical condition. The restaurant was inspected and it was found that the meat used by the restaurant was being improperly stored. The restaurant was reportedly shut down and its owner has been fined.

Jordan- 9 hospitalized due to food poisoning
17 July 2011
Petra.gov [edited] [BITES]
Nine people, members of one family, were admitted to hospital in the southern Jordan after eating contaminated food.

Palestine- At least 20 prisoners poisoned after eating meal
13 July 2011
Alresalah [edited]
More than 20 Palestinian prisoners were poisoned after eating meals served in the prison’s canteen. Expired food products are suspected. It has been reported that after eating burger sandwiches prisoners suffered from diarrhea.

Pakistan- Gastro epidemic: Rising temperatures turn stomachs
23 May 2011
Tribune [edited] [BITES]
Over thirty children in have been hospitalized during the last week due to diarrhea and gastroenteritis. Doctors have said that three of the children are in serious condition. Local health officials and medical experts stated that the extreme heat was a contributing factor. One of the main reasons is that the heat causes food to rot much more quickly and with frequent power cuts, many people are eating food they may have gone bad according to a local doctor. Also, the unavailability of clean drinking water can be a contributing factor to the increasing number of gastric diseases.

Gaza- Students hospitalized with suspected food poisoning
03 April 2011
Ma’an News Agency [edited] [BITES]
Twenty-five female students from a school in the northern Gaza Strip were hospitalized with suspected food poisoning from donated milk. Medics have stated that they are unable to confirm that the girls suffered from food poisoning because they are still waiting for lab test results.

United Arab Emirates- Food poisoning causes a hospital emergency
27 March 2011
The National [edited] [BITES]
More than 100 cases of food poisoning among workers at a labor site in the Western Region caused a state of emergency at a hospital. This was the first time the hospital had received that many emergency cases at the same time according to the head of the emergency department. The workers appeared to have eaten different meals: some had chicken and others ate 'saloona' (a traditional Indian stew). Most complained of nausea, dizziness and severe diarrhoea. The Abu Dhabi Food Control Authority gathered a variety of food samples from the labor camp where the food poisoning cases occurred to determine the cause.
Related story:
Palestine- 236 workers sick from food poisoning
28 March 2011
Khaleej Times [edited] [BITES]
More than 230 workers at a labor camp in the Western Region got food poisoning. Of the workers that became ill, 44 were admitted at the hospital, one for severe food poisoning symptoms while the others for moderate illness. The sick workers complained of vomiting, diarrhoea, lethargy, fever, stomach cramps and abdominal pain, all symptoms of food poisoning. Some workers were given fluids intravenously and others were treated with antibiotics. The affected workers from Pakistan, India and Bangladesh had their usual rice, meat and fish meal before the incident. The Abu Dhabi Food Control Authority (ADFCA) immediately closed down the staff kitchen while investigation is being carried out to determine the cause of poisoning.

Pakistan- Yoghurt foodborne illnesses
28 Jan. 2011
Barfblog [edited] [BITES]
An employee at a hospital in Pakistan died and two other employees became critically ill after eating contaminated yoghurt. The three employees ate rice with yoghurt at a local restaurant. A case has been registered against the restaurant owner and manager.

Africa: Food/Water Borne Illness Outbreaks

CaitlinCatella — Thu, 26 Jan 2012 08:59:50 CST

Democratic Republic of the Congo- Cholera
16 Jan 2012
Press TV [edited] [ProMed]
http://presstv.com/detail/221382.html
A new cholera outbreak is threatening the lives of thousands of people in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). The waterborne epidemic has struck South Kivu, capital of Bukavu Province, which has a population of over 4.5 million people. More than 1600 confirmed cases with at least 14 deaths have been reported since last week. Last year, nearly 19000 cases were also reported with more than 200 deaths from another cholera outbreak. Factors such as poor hygiene and little access to safe drinking water contribute to the outbreaks.

Chad- Cholera
11 Jan 2012
Medecins Sans Frontieres (MSF) [edited] [ProMed]
http://www.msf.org.uk/articledetail.aspx?fId=Chad_cholera_epidemic_20120111
Over 12000 people have been treated for cholera, around 75 percent of those cases occurred in Chad as part of the 2011 large-scale outbreak. More than 450 people died and 17200 cases of the disease were reported in 2011, high numbers that have not been seen since 1996.

Senegal- Massive histamine poisoning after eating yellowfin tuna among French soldiers in Senegal
06 Dec. 2011
Bulletin Epidémiologique Hebdomadaire [edited] [BITES] http://www.invs.sante.fr/content/download/24402/135793/version/15/file/BEH_45_46_2011.pdf
On 26 November 2010, an outbreak of scombroid fish poisoning occurred among the French Armed Forces in Dakar, Senegal. A case-control study was undertaken among lunch attendees (237 guests) in order to confirm the nature and identify the origin of this outbreak. Chemical and bacteriological analyses were performed on food samples. Seventy-one cases were identified and 78 controls were randomly selected from lunch attendees. Tuna was the only food item positively associated with illness with a risk of illness increasing with the quantity of fish consumed. No bacteriological contamination was found in leftover food, but histamine concentration in tuna was found to be 4,900 mg/kg, almost 50-fold higher than the concentration allowed by European regulations.

Nigeria- 19 die of food poisoning
07 Dec. 2011
The Nation [edited] [BITES]
http://www.thenationonlineng.net/2011/index.php/news/28881-19-die-of-%E2%80%98food-poisoning%E2%80%99-in-borno.html
Nineteen people have died of suspected food poisoning in Borno State. About 100 people were hospitalized for developing symptoms after eating. Some of the patients have been discharged from hospitals, clinics and health centers in the local government.

Africa- CHOLERA, DIARRHEA AND DYSENTERY UPDATE
Cholera - Djibouti
23 Nov 2011
IC Publications [edited] [ProMed]
http://www.africasia.com/services/news_africa/article.php?ID=CNG.9bdd1d5b82f023fa74048f611ee23327.701
Authorities in Djibouti have reported a serious outbreak of a potentially fatal diarrhea infection in the capital [Djibouti], with 2 deaths since October 2011 and 127 new cases this month [November 2011], the WHO said on Tuesday [22 Nov 2011]. WHO said 5000 cases of acute watery diarrhea (AWD) have already been reported this year [2011] compared to 2000 in the Red Sea port in 2010.

Cholera – Kenya, Somali refugees
15 Nov 2011
Reuters [edited] [ProMed]
http://www.reuters.com/article/2011/11/15/us-cholera-kenya-idUSTRE7AE1LD20111115
Cholera has broken out in the world's largest refugee camp in Kenya, home to nearly 500,000 Somali refugees, according to the United Nations. There are now 60 cholera cases in the camps, including 10 laboratory-confirmed cases and 1 refugee death.

Cholera - Kenya (Rift Valley province)
21 Nov 2011
Nairobi Star (Nairobi) [edited] [ProMed]
http://allafrica.com/stories/201111220198.html
The government has confirmed an outbreak of dysentery and cholera in parts of Turkana where 40 people have died in the last month. A team of medical officers have been dispatched and delivered drugs to help combat the outbreak in Kerio division. But, the outbreak had been compounded by famine in the area. More than 250 other victims have been placed under treatment.

Cholera - Cameroon (Littoral province)
28 Nov 2011
Medecins Sans Frontieres (MSF) [edited] [ProMed]
http://www.msf.org/msf/articles/2011/11/cameroon-cholera-epidemic-msf-supports-overwhelmed-local-health-authorities.cfm
A cholera epidemic has spread across all districts, home to 2.1 million people. The epidemic, which was officially declared 14 months ago, in September 2010, has peaked and troughed a number of times. In March and April 2011, during the short rainy season, cholera peaked with an average of 120 cases per week. But since September the number of cases has been increasing further, with more than 400 cases per week reported in mid-October 2011.

Cholera - Congo DR
16 Nov 2011
Alert Net [edited] [ProMed]
http://www.trust.org/alertnet/news/more-funds-needed-for-congo-cholera-response-un
Aid agencies in Democratic Republic of Congo are running out of founds and resources to respond to a cholera outbreak that has hit 8 out of 11 provinces, according to the
UN. Cholera has infected around 17 500 people and killed 508 in the vast central African nation since the start of the year [2011].

Cholera - Somalia (Middle Juba)
13 Nov 2011
Press TV [edited] [ProMed]
http://www.presstv.ir/detail/209864.html
At least 81 Somali women and children have died and nearly 670 others have been hospitalized due to cholera in the famine-stricken country. Somalia has been the hardest-hit country in what is being described as the worst drought in the Horn of Africa in 60 years.

Ghana- Seven dead from suspected food poisoning
31 Oct. 2011
JoyOnline [edited] [BITES]
http://edition.myjoyonline.com/pages/news/201111/75704.php
Seven people have died of suspected food poisoning in a village. The seven are members of the same family. The family of 10 ate an evening meal made from beans but seven members of the family died almost immediately after the meal. Investigators have yet to determine what caused the deaths. The family is suspecting someone poisoned the food.

West and Central Africa- Chloera
11 Oct 2011
UNICEF [edited] [ProMed]
<http://www.unicef.org/media/media_60032.html>
UNICEF is calling for a redoubling of efforts to combat cholera outbreaks that are claiming lives and affecting large numbers of people across West and Central Africa.This year has seen more than 85,000 reported cases of cholera, resulting in 2,466 deaths. The size and scale of the outbreaks mean the region is facing one of the biggest epidemics in its history. In addition, case fatality rates (CFR) are unacceptably high, ranging from 2.3 percent to 4.7 percent and can reach much higher levels at district level in many countries (ranging from 1 percent to 22 percent in Cameroon for example). Children are more vulnerable to cholera, as they dehydrate faster, and malnourished children are especially at risk.
The most significant increases in 2011 are in Chad, Cameroon, and in western Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). In addition there are still challenges with getting access, ensuring staff presence in medical facilities, and establishing surveillance systems to monitor cases and numbers in parts of Northeastern DRC.

Somalia- Cholera
10 Oct 2011
Press TV [edited] [edited] [ProMed]
<http://www.presstv.ir/detail/203816.html>
Cholera and severe malnutrition have killed 32 more children in Somalia as the conflict-plagued nation struggles against drought and famine. The victims died on Monday morning [10 Oct 2011]. More than 117 children, suffering from cholera and waterborne diseases, were also taken to hospitals.The UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) has stated that 4 million Somalis are in crisis, with some 750,000 at risk of dying in the next 4 months.The UN added it is also feared that the rains will raise the risk of diseases.

Congo- Cholera
7 Oct 2011
Gantdaily.com, UN Integrated Regional Information Networks (IRIN) report [edited] [ProMed]
<http://gantdaily.com/2011/10/07/cholera-deaths-and-cases-soar/>
There has been an increase in the number of cholera cases and deaths in parts of the Democratic Republic of Congo where an outbreak has been ongoing since March 2011. At least 6,910 cases and 384 deaths had been reported as of 3 Oct 2011.

Africa- Cholera, diarrhea and dysentery
1 Oct. 2011
France 24, Agence France-Presse (AFP) report [edited] [ProMed]
<http://www.france24.com/en/20111001-cholera-epidemic-hits-central-african-republic-minister>
A new cholera epidemic has hit the Central African Republic and has claimed at least 10 victims in the south. The government of the Central African Republic officially declared a cholera epidemic in the southern health zones.

Somalia- Cholera
1 Oct 2011
Press TV [edited] [ProMed]
<http://www.presstv.ir/detail/202244.html>
Cholera has killed 50 more children in the Somali capital Mogadishu, where cases of waterborne diseases have increased due to unhygienic living conditions. More than 330 people suffering from cholera and waterborne diseases went to hospitals in southern Mogadishu to get medication. According to the World Health Organization, 75 percent of all cases of highly infectious diarrhea in Somalia are among children under the age of 5.

Ethiopia- Cholera
30 Sep 2011
Ogaden Online [edited] [ProMed]
<http://www.ogaden.com/hornnews/ogaden/1316-cholera-outbreak-reported-in-qabridahare.html>
Reports have confirmed an outbreak of cholera in the area. It has been reported that between 10 and 15 people have died so far due to outbreak. There are hundreds of civilians with symptoms of cholera.

Nigeria- Cholera
24 Sep 2011
Heal Blog [edited] [ProMed]
<http://www.healblog.net/health-news/cholera-outbreak-in-nigeria-six-more-victims/>
The Health Commissioner announced that 6 deaths from cholera in the past 2 weeks that infected 182 people. Local media reports 234 deaths occurred in 15 Nigerian states in 2011. The rainy seasons are generally responsible for the occurrence of the disease in Nigeria.

Burundi- Cholera
14 Sep. 2011
UN Integrated Regional Information Networks (IRIN) [edited] [ProMed]
Burundian health officials are trying to control a cholera outbreak that has killed 12 people and infected 600 others since August 2011. Although the epidemic is under control in some areas, health officials in Bujumbura stated that a new area of infection had started at Nyanza Lac, Makamba province, where 80 new cases have been reported, 64 people were hospitalized..

West and Central Africa- Cholera
7 Sep. 2011
UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA)
[edited] [ProMed]
Cholera epidemics have hit tens of thousands of people and killed more than 1400 others in 7 West and Central African countries since the start of 2011, according to a UN report on Sept. 6, 2011.
The WHO stated that cholera is preventable and treatable and that any death rate higher than one percent denotes problems in a health system.
The following are facts and figures on outbreaks in the region's countries:

Cameroon: 9 of the country's 10 provinces have reported outbreaks of cholera, with a total of 10 582 cases and 379 deaths as of mid-August 2011.

Chad: There is a rapid spread of the disease from the west to the east of the country with a total of 11 345 cases and 340 deaths as of the end of August 2011.

Congo DR: A cholera epidemic that started in the east of the country has spread along the Congo River to the west, with 5171 cases and 301 deaths as of 22 Aug 2011.

Mali: Health authorities said there have been cholera outbreaks in 3 regions of the country, leaving 880 people infected and 36 dead as of 23 Aug 2011.

*****: There have been outbreaks in about 10 districts in the south and southeast districts of the country, leading to 1008 people being infected and 26 deaths as of mid-August 2011.

Nigeria: Reports say there have been cholera epidemics in 23 of the country's 36 states, with 13 551 cases and 353 deaths as of mid-August 2011.

Republic of Congo: There have been cholera outbreaks in 4 provinces in the country, Brazzaville, Cuvette, Likouala and Plateaux, with 341 people said to have been infected and 20 deaths.

South Africa- Undiagnosed food poisoning
10 Sept. 2011
Pretorian News [edited] [ProMed]
About 40 people collapsed at a taxi rank in Rustenburg. Paramedics arrived at the taxi rank at 11 AM on Sept. 10th and found many people sick and lying down. It’s been reported that most people showed symptoms of organophosphate poisoning including vomiting, sweating, nausea and diarrhea. Organophosphate is a chemical used to kill insects and animals that damage crops. It is suspected that people became ill after eating at a nearby restaurant.

Uganda- Brucellosis
8 Sep 2011
AllAfrica [edited] [ProMed]
Members of Parliament issued an alert over an outbreak of brucellosis in different parts of the country. The legislators stated that the disease, which is transmitted from cattle to humans, continues to ravage different parts of the country, and they called on the government to intervene. It has been reported that the disease is being transmitted from cattle to people by the consumption of raw animal products. Brucellosis is associated with the consumption of unpasteurized milk, ghee and cheese made from the milk of infected animals that include cattle and goats infected with the bacteria. Many people suffering from the disease have been admitted to hospitals and clinics.

Ghana- Cholera
26 Aug 2011
Modern Ghana [edited] [edited]
The Ghana Health Service (GHS) is raising cholera alerts in some parts of the country, especially the 3 northern regions, as the rains continue to fall. There are already reports of an outbreak of cholera in some parts which has claimed one life. Also, 25 new cholera cases have been reported.

Nigeria- Food poisoning, six deaths
25 Aug 2011
allAfrica [edited] [BITES]
At least six people have been confirmed dead from suspected food poisoning after a meal of "Moi-Moi" prepared from poisoned beans in Gombi and several others were hospitalized. It has been reported that over 11 people have been hospitalized while the police are investigating the source of the poisonous beans.

Nigeria- Cholera
24 Aug 2011
Nigerian Tribune [edited] [ProMed]
The people of Osun State are living in fear due to the outbreak of cholera that has claimed 8 lives in the state. It has been reported that there are no medical officials that could come aid the people because of the ongoing strike by medical practitioners in the state.

Nigeria- Cholera
21 Aug 2011
Business Day Online [edited] [ProMed]
Cases of cholera have been reported in Oyo State, with 4 deaths and 16 hospitalizations.

Burundi- Cholera
21 Aug 2011
Africa News [edited] [ProMed]
The cholera outbreak in Burundi has claimed 3 lives, out of 100 patients admitted since the end of July 2011 in different health facilities across the country, as of 19 Aug 2011.

Somalia- Cholera
18 Aug 2011
Al Jazeera [edited] [ProMed]
The United Nations has warned that a cholera outbreak linked to dirty water threatens Somali children already weak from starvation. It has been reported that the cholera outbreak began in July 2011, and the local hospital admits between 50 and 80 people with the disease per day. Also, one hospital has had 181 patients die from the disease since January 2011. Half of those were children younger than 2 years old.

Cameroon- Cholera
16 Aug 2011
Bloomberg News [edited] [ProMed]
A cholera outbreak in Cameroon's Far North region killed 59 people between 1 June and 12 Aug 2011. More than 1,300 new cases of the disease have been found during that period. The disease worsened after heavy rains disrupted power supplies and water systems.

Congo DR- Cholera
11 Aug 2011
Agence France-Presse [edited] [ProMed]
A cholera outbreak in the Democratic Republic of Congo has infected more than 5,000 people and caused nearly 300 deaths since March 2011, according to the United Nations.

Ghana- Cholera
11 July 2011
Joy News/Ghana [edited] [ProMed]
Health officials in the Central region are collaborating with sanitation agencies to investigate and control the spread of cholera. The number of cholera cases reported at a local health center has increased to 71 cases in 5 days, with 2 deaths recorded.
The District Director of Health Services stated that they have deployed community health nurses to the fishing community to help contain the disease.

Chad- Rainy Season to Worsen Cholera Outbreak
2 June 2011
GlobalHealth.org [edited]
A cholera outbreak that has killed more than 100 people in Chad could worsen this June as the rainy season starts in the Central African country. Cholera is an acute intestinal infection caused by ingestion of food or water contaminated with bacteria, which causes diarrhoea and vomiting. Infected people can die of dehydration if not treated.

South Africa- An outbreak of foodborne Salmonellosis
25 May 2011
Foodborne Pathogens and Disease [edited] [BITES]
In South Africa, outbreaks of foodborne disease are generally under reported. Researchers investigated the etiology of acute gastroenteritis in 216 patients who presented to a rural hospital South Africa, after consuming a meal at a school function. Stool specimens from 37 patients, as well as two food samples, were available for microbiological investigation. Salmonella Enteritidis was isolated from 18 patients and 1 food sample. The results suggest a foodborne Salmonella Enteritidis outbreak due to contaminated food served at the school function. Epidemiological investigations continue to be extremely difficult in rural areas.

Madagascar- Fatal foodborne illnesses linked to fish
08 April 2011
International Society for Infectious Diseases [edited] [BITES]
At least 14 people have died in Madagascar from poisoned fish. Around 120 other people are seriously ill after eating toxic sardines. Samples of the fish have been sent for analysis. In previous food poisoning incidents, contaminated sardines were linked to the consumption of poisonous seaweed.

Ghana- Cholera
31 March 2011
Ghana Broadcasting Corporation [edited] [ProMed]
Approximately 5,614 cholera cases and 69 deaths have been recorded nationwide by the Ghana Health Service (GHS) according to the Regional Disease Control Officer.
Related Story:
Ghana- Cholera epidemic: Death toll now 61 with 4,000 cases
21 March 2011
Myjoyonline.com [edited]
The Ghana Health Service reported that over 4,000 cholera cases and 61 deaths have been recorded since the outbreak began at the end of 2010. Officials of the Disease Surveillance Unit at the Ghana Health Service stated that the situation needs urgent attention. The Director of Public Health at the Ghana Health Service reported that poor sanitary conditions coupled with the non-adherence to personal hygiene practices are contributory factors to the outbreak. Also, some shellfish and seafood have been linked to cases of cholera. It is also believed that people are disposing of waste improperly.

Zimbabwe- Cholera
30 March 2011
AllAfrica [edited] [ProMed]
One person has died and 70 have become sick from cholera due to a sugarcane estate in the district that reportedly failed to provide adequate water and sanitary facilities. Officials from the Ministry of Health and Child Welfare have intervened and are working with the estate to stop the outbreak.

Rwanda- Food poisoning kills two students, 200 hospitalized
24 March 2011
AllAfrica.com [edited] [BITES]
Two students from a Primary School died of suspected food poisoning, and over 200 were hospitalized. According to school authorities, most of those hospitalized students have been discharged. The Director General of Health Communication Center confirmed the incident and stated that they are investigating the cause, but suspect poor hygiene.

South Africa- An outbreak of foodborne Salmonellosis in rural KwaZulu-Natal
09 March 2011
Foodborne Pathogens and Disease [edited] [BITES]
In South Africa, outbreaks of foodborne disease are generally under reported. Researchers investigated the etiology of acute gastroenteritis in 216 patients who presented to a rural hospital in South Africa, after consuming a meal at a school function. Stool specimens from 37 patients, as well as two food samples, were available for microbiological investigation. Salmonella Enteritidis was isolated from 18 patients and 1 food sample. The results suggest a foodborne Salmonella Enteritidis outbreak due to contaminated food served at the school function. Epidemiological investigations continue to be extremely difficult in rural areas.

Ghana- Cholera Outbreak
28 Jan. 2011
GhanaWed [edited]
The cholera outbreak reported in parts of the country by the Ghana Health Service, has claimed three lives and the Region has so far recorded 48 cases. The government has cautioned the public to take precautionary measures to avoid contamination including eating cooked food while it is still hot and washing hands with soap before eating.

South Africa- Food destined for dump sickens 100
10 Jan. 2011
Barfblog [edited] [BITES]
Cookies, candies, jams and juices destined for a dump went to a squatter camp as payment for loading a truck. Some of the goods turned out to be a decade old, sickening more than 100 people.

North America: Food/Water Borne Illness Outbreaks

CaitlinCatella — Thu, 26 Jan 2012 08:55:28 CST

For a database of food outbreaks in the U.S., please see http://www.cspinet.org/foodsafety/outbreak_report.html.

Canada- Visitors to Cuba returning to Canada with gastrointestinal illnesses

21 Jan. 2012

Barfblog [edited]

http://www.barfblog.com/blog/152641/12/01/21/visitors-cuba-returning-canada-gastrointestinal-illnesses

Three flights from Cuba to Canada had at least 39 passengers returning with a variety of gastrointestinal illnesses. The Public Health Agency of Canada stated that two flights that arrived in Ottawa from Cuba on Tuesday and Friday had 19 passengers suffering from symptoms such as vomiting, diarrhea, nausea and fever, while another flight from Cuba to Toronto had 20 passengers suffering from the same symptoms. The sick passengers on the three flights came from at least four different resorts. Also, a flight carrying 260 passengers was detained at the Ottawa International Airport after 12 people complained of a stomach illness. The ill passengers were all from the same resort, so the concern forced Ottawa’s fire HAZMAT team to respond to the early morning incident.

Mexico- fatal poisoning, cyanide
26 Dec 2011
Notosistema, Guadalajara, Mexico [edited] [ProMed]
http://www.notisistema.com/noticias/?p=452275
Mass poisoning has left 6 people dead and 34 injured in a hostel for alcoholics and drug addicts. Among those affected are two doctors and a Red Cross paramedic who treated some of the dead – they were exposed to the toxic gases emitted by the bodies. The victims ate vegetables, rice and sausage that allegedly contained cyanide.

Mexico- Food poisoning affects 77
14 Dec. 2011
Xinhua News Agency [edited] [BITES]
http://english.cri.cn/6966/2011/12/14/2982s671538.htm
At least 77 people were poisoned after eating spoiled food at a party. The first case of food poisoning was detected in the Tepezala municipality. According to the state health ministry, the poisoning was due to bacteria growth caused by poor management and preservation of cooked food.

Mexico- HEPATITIS A
9 Nov 2011
Periodico a.m. [edited] [ProMed]
http://www.am.com.mx/Nota.aspx?ID=509656
Hepatitis A is on the rise in San Miguel de Allende. An alert has been issued because of the increase in the number of persons infected with hepatitis A virus in the northeastern municipalities. The most affected area is San Miguel de Allende, where 393 cases have been reported during the past few months. According to information released by the government agency, the increase in hepatitis A virus infection is due to people using non-potable water and preparing foods in unsanitary conditions.

Mexico- Foodborne illness linked to bakery cake
31Oct. 2011
LaCronica [edited] [BITES]
http://www.lacronica.com/EdicionEnLinea/Notas/Noticias/28102011/550804.aspx
The State Secretary of Health, through the Direction for Sanitary Services issued an alert, because of a food poisoning outbreak affecting at least 40 persons after eating cake. The food poisoning outbreak occurred after some people ate cakes from a well-known local bakery.

Canada- Scombroid Poisoning, Tuna
26 Sept. 2011
ProMed Mail [edited] [CAHFS DailyNews]
A total of seven people were sent to a hospital on Friday after getting food poisoning from a restaurant at Vancouver International Airport. The food poisoning (called scombroid poisoning) likely stemmed from tuna fish that was improperly stored. Symptoms, which appear soon after eating, include flushing, sweating, headaches, nausea and vomiting. The remaining tuna fish was immediately discarded. One person still remains in the hospital.

Canada- Shellfish Toxin Shows Up On B.C. Shores, Poisons 60
31 Aug. 2011
CAHFS-DailyNews [edited] [ProMed]
A shellfish toxin has surfaced in B.C. for the first time, poisoning 60 people earlier this month and raising concerns in the province’s aquaculture industry. The outbreak has been traced to mussels harvested off Cortes Island between July 19 and Aug. 2, 2011. The mussels were shipped to retailers and restaurants under five different brand names. Investigators determined the mussels had been contaminated with a biotoxin that causes diarrhetic shellfish poisoning (DSP). DSP is not fatal, but is often accompanied by diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramps and chills.

Canada- Shellfish toxin poisons 60
29 Aug. 2011
Barfblog [edited] [BITES]
A shellfish toxin has surfaced in British Columbia for the first time, poisoning 60 people earlier this month and raising concerns in the area’s aquaculture industry. It has been reported that investigators traced the outbreak to mussels which were harvested off Cortes Island between July 19 and Aug. 2, 2011. Investigators determined the mussels had been contaminated with a biotoxin that causes diarrheic shellfish poisoning.

Mexico- CYSTICERCOSIS
27 Aug 2011
Ntrzacatecas.com [edited] [ProMed]
There have been 36 cases of parasitic infections detected. The infections were acquired through the ingestion of contaminated food or water. T. solium or "lonely worm" is a common parasitic worm. Infection with Taenia solium eggs usually leads to intestinal infection, but the excretion of eggs maintains the infectious reservoir. Cysticercosis develops when humans eat infected pork meat which contains T. solium cysts.

Canada- E. coli outbreak linked walnuts appears to be over
23 June 2011
Barfblog [edited]
The E. coli O157 outbreak that sickened 14 people (linked to walnuts) is apparently over. The Public Health Agency of Canada stated that other than walnuts there's no indication that raw, shelled walnuts pose a health risk and therefore it is no longer recommending that Canadians roast raw, shelled walnuts before eating them. One patient in Quebec with an underlying medical condition died during the outbreak, which also affected people in Ontario and New Brunswick.

Mexico- Cholera, diarrhea and dysentery update 2011
26 Apr 2011
Proceso [edited] [ProMed]
The Ministry of Health issued a national epidemiological alert after detecting a case of cholera. The Undersecretary of Prevention and Promotion ofHealth said that the new case of cholera was detected in a 10-year-old and the patient has recovered. State governments have been called on to maximize the monitoring of their water systems (chlorination systems not working properly).

Canada- E. coli-Tainted Walnuts Sicken 13 with 1 Death
7 April 2011
Marlerblog.com [edited]
Quebec's Health Department confirmed Thursday that one person in the province has died of an E. coli infection after possibly eating contaminated walnuts. It has been reported that 13 cases of E. coli illness in Canada have been linked to contaminated walnuts. The company that recalled the products reported that the walnuts were imported from the U.S. The products were distributed in Atlantic Canada, Quebec and Ontario but may also have been sold in other provinces.

Canada- Bosulism, EXPANDED RECALL
11 March 2011
The Citizen [edited] [ProMed]
The British Columbia Centre for Disease Control (BCCDC) has expanded its recall to include all varieties of jam and jelly products prepared one company over fears of botulism. A woman is in stable condition at after having consumed some of the watermelon jelly linked to the outbreak.
Related Story:
Canada- Botulism from Watermelon Jelly
8 March 2011
Canadian Broadcasting Corporation News [edited] [ProMed]
The British Columbia Centre for Disease Control [BCCDC] is warning that jars of watermelon jelly that were sold during the summer of 2010 could contain botulism. A rare case of botulism on Vancouver Island has sparked a recall of 120 ml jars of the jelly. The BCCDC is currently working with BC Health Authorities and the BC Ministry of Health Services to ensure the recalled product is removed from distribution and is investigating any possible cases of illness.

Canada- Norovirus in BC oysters making people sick; government won’t say how many
05 October 2010
Barfblog [edited] [BITES]
http://barfblog.foodsafety.ksu.edu/blog/144395/10/10/05/norovirus-bc-oysters-making-people-sick-government-won%e2%80%99t-say-how-many
There are three separate clusters of Norovirus illnesses associated with raw oysters in the Vancouver area but no details were provided by health officials on actual numbers of people sick. The B.C. Centre for Disease Control has confirmed that an outbreak of illness related to eating uncooked Pacific Coast oysters is being caused by a Norovirus. The oysters were harvested between Sept. 7 and Sept. 21.

Canada- Smoked salmon may contain Listeria monocytogenes
05 October 2010
CFIA [edited] [BITES]
http://www.inspection.gc.ca/english/corpaffr/recarapp/2010/20101005e.shtml
The Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA) is warning the public not to consume Smoked Salmon purchased from Sausage Kitchen Fine Sausages & Meats because the product may be contaminated with Listeria monocytogenes. The affected Smoked Salmon was sold over the counter from one retail location in Ontario from September 10 to October 4, 2010. There have been no reported illnesses associated with the consumption of this product.

Canada- Oyster Recall, Norovirus Suspected
24 September 2010 CBC News [edited] [ProMed]
Currently, there is an oyster illness outbreak investigation being conducted. Several British Columbia (B.C.) health agencies, as well as the Public Health Agency of Canada and the Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA), are scrambling to contain an outbreak of illness related to raw West Coast oysters. It's unclear how many people have been sickened by the oysters, which were distributed in B.C., Alberta and Ontario. It's possible the oysters were sold in other parts of the country too. Oysters contaminated with food-borne pathogens may not look or smell spoiled, but can cause serious illness. Symptoms include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, fever, headache, dizziness and neck stiffness. Those particularly at risk include young children, pregnant women, the elderly and people with weakened immune systems.

Canada- E. coli toll climbs to 26 in Winnipeg; 2 children hospitalized
24 August 2010
Barfblog [edited] [BITES]
The 26 confirmed and suspected cases of E. coli have been linked to food eaten at the Russian pavilion at an annual multicultural festival.
Related Stories:
Canada- E. coli O157 in a fruit dessert
30 September 2010
Health and Safety Watch [edited] [ProMed]
http://www.healthandsafetywatch.com/default.aspx?EventID=013792f2-d87b-4b53-ad31-1231d3e45337&AspxAutoDetectCookieSupport=1
Fruit compote may be the most likely culprit which sickened visitors to the Russian pavilion at Folklorama this past August 2010, according to a report. The report details the probable cause of the verotoxigenic E. coli and its effect on 37 people who either attended the pavilion or who fell victim to secondary spread of the E. coli [O157:H7] bacterium.

Canada- Certain Green Onions sold at Highland Farms Supermarket may contain Salmonella bacteria
14 August 2010
CFIA [edited] [BITES]
The Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA) is warning consumers not to consume Green Onions as they may be contaminated with Salmonella. The affected Green Onions were sold unwrapped with a rubber band. There is no lot code sticker, UPC or product name on the individual bunch of onions. The product was sold from Highland Farms Supermarket on July 30, 31 and August 1, 2010. CFIA is aware of an ongoing investigation into an outbreak of Salmonella Oranienburg in Ontario.

Canada- Certain Kirkland signature brand cookies may contain pieces of metal
10 August 2010
CFIA [edited] [BITES]
The Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA) and Costco Wholesale Canada Ltd. are warning the public not to consume certain Kirkland Signature brand cookies as these products may contain pieces of metal. There have been no reported injuries associated with these products. These products were sold through Costco Wholesale stores nationally.

CANADA- Cyclospora Outbreak in ONTARIO linked to Chef’s Fundraiser
20 June 2010
Barfblog [edited]
The source of last month’s outbreak of the intestinal parasite, cyclospora, at a charity food event in Sarnia (Ontario, Canada) is still unknown. Public health officials questioned 286 of the more than 300 people who attended the Chef’s Challenge and found 206 became ill. Food samples were also tested, but lab results were not conclusive. Therefore, a link between the illness and exact food source has not been made. Cyclospora is usually found in imported produce and contaminated irrigation water.

CANADA-Canada Expands Recall of Cold Cuts and Raises Death Toll
26 Aug 2008
The New York Times [edited]
Government officials revised the number of deaths linked to tainted cold cuts to 12 from four on Monday as a nationwide recall of products produced by Maple Leaf Foods was expanded. The rise in the number of deaths from listeriosis as well as 26 confirmed cases of the illness suggest that the bacterial illness is a growing crisis for Maple Leaf, one of Canada’s largest food processors, as well as for the family that controls the company. The government is now counting all deaths in which the victim was infected with the same strain of Listeria monocytogenes bacteria that was found in some cold cuts made at a Maple Leaf plant, regardless of their official cause of death. According to this story, an additional 29 suspected cases and that the agency expects that tally to rise. Over the weekend, Maple Leaf expanded its recall, which began with two types of cold cuts, to include 220 products from the factory, which is one of 24 operated by the company. Separately on Monday, Lucerne Foods, which is based in Calgary, announced a recall of prepared sandwiches it made using Maple Leaf meats for supermarkets and convenience stores in Western Canada.

USA-Update on Salmonella Saintpaul
22 Aug 08
[CSPI]
Since April, 1438 persons infected with Salmonella Saintpaul with the same genetic fingerprint have been identified in 43 states and the District of Columbia, and Canada. Among the 1407 persons with information available, illnesses began between April 10 and July 29, 2008, including 115 who became ill on July 1 or later. At least 282 persons were hospitalized. Five ill persons are reported from Canada. Four appear to have been infected while traveling in the United States; the travel status of the fifth ill person is unknown. At present, information indicates that jalapeño peppers and serrano peppers grown, harvested, or packed in Mexico are the cause of some clusters and are major food vehicles for the outbreak. Although tomatoes currently on the market are safe, raw tomatoes consumed early in the outbreak are still under investigation. FDA is advising consumers that they should avoid raw jalapeño peppers and raw serrano peppers and foods that contain them, if they were grown, harvested, or packed in Mexico. FDA information on this investigation can be found at: http://www.fda.gov/oc/opacom/hottopics/tomatoes.html. CDC information on this investigation can be found at: http://www.cdc.gov/Salmonella/saintpaul/
Related articles:
30 Jul 08 FDA News Release [S.T.O.P]
USA: FDA Extends Consumer Warning on Serrano Peppers from Mexico
29 Jul 08 Thepacker [S.T.O.P]
Officials Find Salmonella on Another Jalapeno
27 Jul 08 FederalTimes.com [FSNET]
US: On the trail of Salmonella: How feds tracked down tainted peppers
21 Jul 08 The Center for Science in the Public Interest
US: FDA finds Salmonella strain on jalapeno pepper
24 Jul 08 Public Health Agency of Canada, Canadian Food Inspection Agency
Update of Salmonella Saintpaul situation in CANADA
24 Jul 08 USA Today [FSNET]
Minnesota: 'Team Diarrhea' helped state crack Salmonella case
16 Jun 08 CIDRAP News, Lisa Schnirring [FSNet]
USA-Case cluster found in Salmonella outbreak
17 Jun 08 New York Times [Google Alerts]
Salmonella Cases in 5 More States
13 Jun 08 Associated Press, [FSNet]
FDA: Florida, Mexico suspects in tomato outbreak
12 Jun 08 MarketWatch, Matt Andrejczak [FSNet]
Bad tomato outbreak spreads to more states (California)
11 Jun 08 Los Angeles Times, Tiffany Hsu [FSNet]
U.S. expands Salmonella warning on fresh tomatoes
10 Jun 08 The Houston Chronicle, Allan Turner [FSNet]
Cancer patient had Salmonella prior to death (Texas)
07 Jun 08 FDA News [FSNet]
FDA warns consumers nationwide not to eat certain types of raw red tomatoes
05 Jun 08 Houston Chronicle, Allan Turner [FSNet]
Texas' tomato investigation starts in Harris County
04 Jun 08 Denton Record - Chronicle/The Packer/ [FSNet]
Salmonella cases linked to tomatoes continue to increase (New Mexico and Texas)
04 Jun 08 The Packer, David Mitchell [FSNet]
Tomato officials weigh in on Salmonella outbreak
03 Jun 08 The Monitor/Houston Chronicle/Reuters, Melissa McEver [FSNet]
Salmonella linked to tomatoes; HEB pulls them off shelves (Texas)
03 Jun 08 U.S. FDA Press Release, FDA [FSNet]
FDA warns consumers in New Mexico and Texas not to eat certain types of raw red tomatoes
03 Jun 08 Department of Health and Human Services, Center for Disease Control and Prevention [FSNet]
Investigation of outbreak of Salmonella Saintpaul
25 May 08 KFOX, Jenn Dombrowski-KFOX [FSNet]
Two more N.M. Salmonella cases confirmed Sunday
23 May 08 Associated Press [FSNet]
Health officials study Salmonella outbreak

USA-Boy Scout Camp's Closure Is a First
05 Aug 08
Washington Post [FSNET] [edited]
A Boy Scout camp in Goshen, Va., which has been hosting Washington area Scouts for four decades, closed early for the first time in its history after more campers fell ill, and health officials announced yesterday that beef collected from the camp tested positive for E. coli bacteria. At least 19 people connected to the camp, most from Northern Virginia, have tested positive for the bacteria, and about 10 of them have been hospitalized, health officials said. As many as 67 people in Virginia who attended the camp have exhibited symptoms, said Christopher Novak, an epidemiologist with the Virginia Department of Health. The tainted beef was collected at Goshen on July 28, one day after the Health Department began receiving reports of sick children.

USA-Mass. scrutinizes 6 cases of E. coli (Massachusetts)
05 Aug 08
Associated Press [FSNET] [edited]
Federal and state health officials are investigating the cases of six people in Massachusetts who were sickened by a virulent strain of E. coli that appears linked to those found in several other states, officials said yesterday. At least five of the Massachusetts victims were hospitalized. Their ages range between 3 and 60, and they include residents of Middlesex, Suffolk, and Essex counties, according to the state Department of Public Health. According to this story, the six Massachusetts victims reportedly were ill between July 10 and July 16. All were sickened by a virulent bacteria strain, E. coli O157:H7, that is harbored mainly in the intestines of cattle. Nebraska Beef Ltd. of Omaha has recalled 5.3 million pounds of ground beef linked to E. coli illnesses across the nation.
Related Articles:
30 Jul 08 NCNewspress [S.T.O.P]
E.Coli in Auburn Believed To Be Contained
25 Jul 08 KETV7 [S.T.O.P]
USA-Confirmed E. coli Cases in Nebraska

USA-Multistate Outbreak of E. coli O157:H7 infections – Indiana, Kentucky, Michigan, New York, and Ohio
July 18 08
CDC [S.T.O.P] [edited]
State departments of health and agriculture in several states, collaborating local health jurisdictions, CDC, and the United States Department of Agriculture’s Food Safety and Inspection Service (USDA-FSIS) are investigating a multi-state outbreak of Escherichia coli O157:H7 infections. As of July 17, 2008, 49 confirmed cases have been linked both epidemiologically and by molecular fingerprinting to this outbreak. The number of cases in each state is as follows: Georgia (4), Indiana (1), Kentucky (1), Michigan (20), New York (1), Ohio (21), and Utah (1). Their illnesses began between May 27 and July 1, 2008. Twenty-seven persons have been hospitalized. One patient developed a type of kidney failure called hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS). No deaths have been reported. Twenty-eight (57%) patients are female. The ages of patients range from 4 to 78 years; 47% are between 10 and 24 years old (only 21% of the U.S. population is in this age group).
Related Articles:
20 Jul 08 Deseret news [S.T.O.P]
Utah Case is Reported in Outbreak of E. coli
16 Jul 08 The Moultrie Observer [S.T.O.P] [FSNET]
Georgia E. coli Case Linked to National Outbreak
02 Jul 08 Free Press/Denver Post ] [FSNET]
Nebraska: Company recalls 265 tons of beef in E. coli case
27 Jun 08 Free Press ] [FSNET]
Ohio, Michigan: 12 new E. coli reports being investigated
21 Jun 08 The Columbus Dispatch] [FSNET]
Michigan’s conclusion, ground beef might be cause of E. coli outbreak
21 Jun 08 Toledo Blade [FSNET]
13 linked E. coli episodes turn up in Ohio, Michigan illness is traced to beef
23 Jun 08 The Columbus Dispatch [FSNET]
Ohio: Another local E. coli case brings total to 16

USA-Health Department Finds Source of Local Food Illness Outbreak (Wisconson)
28 Jul 08
WAOW News Line [S.T.O.P] [edited]
Wisconson - The Marathon County Health Department says it's found the source of a food outbreak that sickened dozens last week. People began experiencing stomach cramps and diarrhea after eating a catered meal at the Stoney Creek Inn in Rothschild. The Health Department says a food-borne bacteria was the culprit. It apparently got into food served up by the Nueske's North Country Catering out of Eland.

USA-Town farm dairy halts milk production, sales (Connecticut)
23 Jul 08
courant.com [FSNET] [edited]
SIMSBURY -- The Town Farm Dairy has stopped producing and selling milk and milk products indefinitely after four people contracted E. coli, possibly linked to raw milk they bought from the Simsbury farm, officials said. The one thing the four had in common was drinking raw milk they bought at the Town Farm Dairy. The state departments of health, agriculture and consumer protection, as well as the Farmington Valley Health District, are investigating the cause of the outbreak.

USA-Salmonella Litchfield outbreak associated with a hotel restaurant --- Atlantic City, New Jersey, 2007
18 Jul 08
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [FSNET][edited]
On July 10, 2007, the Pennsylvania Department of Health notified the New Jersey Department of Health and Senior Services (NJDHSS) of three culture-confirmed cases of Salmonella Litchfield infection with matching pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) patterns. Data from PulseNet, the national molecular subtyping network for foodborne disease surveillance, confirmed 11 cases (including the three from Pennsylvania) of this rarely identified Salmonella serotype in five states during a 5-week period; seven of the 11 patients had reported recent travel history to Atlantic City, New Jersey. This report describes the subsequent investigation led by NJDHSS and the Atlantic City Health Department (ACHD), which associated the outbreak with a hotel restaurant in Atlantic City. In all, 30 confirmed or probable cases of illness with S. Litchfield infection were identified among persons from eight states who had eaten at the hotel restaurant, including 10 restaurant food handlers. Investigators concluded that the outbreak most likely was associated with fruit salad, particularly the honeydew melon component, and that contamination likely resulted from an ill food handler. This investigation illustrates the potential for recurring food contamination by ill and asymptomatic food handlers and underscores the utility of PulseNet to link illnesses that might appear unrelated.

USA-5 sickened by tainted fish in Florida county
17 Jul 08
WWSB 7 ABC [FSNET] [edited]
Palm Beach County health officials say five people in the area have recently fallen ill from consuming tainted fish. The county says the latest cases of ciguatera have ties to grouper purchased at an area supermarket and caught by some fishermen near the Bahamas. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration is investigating.

USA-Noxious weed sickens six who ate stew (Washington)
12 Jul 08
The Washington Post [FSNET][edited]
Six people hospitalized with nausea, dizziness and hallucinations after a family dinner in Gaithersburg on Wednesday were sickened by jimson, a potential deadly weed that was mistakenly used as a cooking ingredient, Montgomery County health authorities said. Authorities believe that leaves from the plant were picked from a small herb garden in the yard and added to a potato stew by a cook. Six family members who ate the stew quickly became ill; six others who did not eat the dish were unaffected.

CANADA-Poisoning eight people sought treatment after eating contaminated clams
08 Jul 08
Telegraph-Journal [FSNET] [edited]
Investigators say the person responsible for selling contaminated clams that sickened eight people is a licensed digger who should have known the area he was harvesting is closed. Two people were admitted to the Saint John Regional Hospital over the weekend after eating clams contaminated with paralytic seafood poison (PSP) and six others were treated and released. Based on this story, the contaminated clams were purchased by three buyers from an experienced, licensed harvester who takes shellfish orders and comes to the city to deliver the product.

USA-Restaurant linked to Salmonella outbreak named (Kansas)
30 Jun 08
Kake 10 [FSNET] [edited]
The Harvey County Health Department and the Kansas Department of Health and Environment are continuing to investigate the Salmonella outbreak in south-central Kansas. As of Monday, there have been 11 cases. During the course of the investigation, the Acapulco Restaurant in Newton was identified as the probable source of the illness. The exact cause of the outbreak has not been determined at this time.
Related Article:
20 Jun 08 The Kansan [S.T.O.P]
Harvey County Salmonella Outbreak Not Tied to Other Cases (Kansas)

CANADA-Case of E. coli in Calgary linked to ground beef
27 Jun 08
CHRQ Newsroom [FSNET][edited]
The Calgary Health Region issuing a warning about E. coli after a case likely related to improperly prepared ground beef surfaced this week. 27 cases of E. coli have been reported in the Calgary Health Region this year. There were 134 E. coli cases in the Calgary Health Region last year, compared to 69 the year before.

USA-Texas IHOP Closes Again Due To Salmonella
24 Jun 08
My High Plains [S.T.O.P] [edited]
IHOP on Western Street is shut down again for the second time in a week. This time, two positive Salmonella cases have been linked to the restaurant. Last time, there were nine. The restaurant shut it's doors again yesterday and is working with the Health Department to try and find the cause.

CANADA-UWO Salmonella outbreak remains a mystery
19 Jun 08
The London Free Press [FSNET][edited]
A report on the Salmonella outbreak at the University of Western Ontario that sickened more than 90 people has concluded the cause of the infection will likely never be determined. Released today by the Middlesex-London Health Unit, the 118-page report says that raw chicken could have caused the environmental contamination, possibly spreading to different food outlets at Western on the hands of staff members. At the start of the outbreak in Nov. 2007, most of the patients turning up at hospitals had eaten at a pita outlet at the University’s Centre Spot food court. But later cases had consumed food from vending machines. In the end, the health unit determined 41 infections were related to exposure at the pita outlet, 35 were connected to food prepared at the Centre Spot and 14 were from other exposures. While chicken could have been the Salmonella source for the pita-outlet illnesses, the report notes that 11 out of 25 people who initially fell ill after eating there on Nov. 2 did not eat chicken.

USA- E. coli outbreak ‘under control’ (Minnesota)
17 Jun 08
Washington Daily Globe, Justine Wettschreck [FSNet] [edited]
It appears an E. coli outbreak at Wonder World Preschool has passed, according to the director. The first confirmed cases of E. coli came in mid-May, and the last case was confirmed June 6, with no additional cases reported since. More than 20 of the children at the day care showed symptoms of the infection, but Scarset said only eight of those were confirmed as positive. One child was hospitalized with symptoms consistent with Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome (HUS), an infection that destroys red blood cells and can lead to kidney failure. Approximately 2 to 7 percent of E. coli O157:H7 cases lead to HUS.
Related articles:
11 Jun 08, Marshall Independent, Deb Gau [FSNet]
No new cases in Slayton E. coli outbreak, Health Department says
10 Jun 08, Business Wire, Pritzker Ruohonen & Associates, P.A. [FSNet]
Preschool and daycare centers can become hot zones for E. coli

USA-Investigation of Multistate Outbreak of E. coli O157:H7 Infections
18 Jun 08
CDC [FSNET] [edited]
State departments of health and agriculture in several states, collaborating local health jurisdictions, CDC, and the United States Department of Agriculture’s Food Safety and Inspection Service (USDA-FSIS) are investigating a multi-state outbreak of Escherichia coli O157:H7 infections. As of July 17, 2008, 49 confirmed cases have been linked both epidemiologically and by molecular fingerprinting to this outbreak. The number of cases in each state is as follows: Georgia (4), Indiana (1), Kentucky (1), Michigan (20), New York (1), Ohio (21), and Utah (1). Their illnesses began between May 27 and July 1, 2008. Twenty-seven persons have been hospitalized. One patient developed a type of kidney failure called hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS). No deaths have been reported. Twenty-eight (57%) patients are female. The ages of patients range from 4 to 78 years; 47% are between 10 and 24 years old (only 21% of the U.S. population is in this age group).
Related Articles:
25 Jun 08, WebMD
USA-E. coli Outbreak May Be Tied to Beef
16 Jun 08 NBC4i.com - [Google Alerts]
USA-Four More Cases Of E. coli Confirmed (Central Ohio)
12 Jun 08 Newsinferno.com - New York,NY [Google Alerts]
E. coli Outbreak Under Investigation in Ohio
12 Jun 08 Columbus Dispatch, Misti Crane [FSNet]
E. coli outbreak concerns officials
12 Jun 08 10TVNews [FSNet]
Another E. coli case confirmed
05 Jun 08 The Columbus Dispatch, Misti Crane [FSNet]
State searching for source of E. coli infection

CANADA-Nine U.S. tourists hospitalized with diarrhea, vomiting; Bus tour group members fell ill after arriving from Washington State
16 Jun 08
The Vancouver Sun, Cindy E. Harnett [FSNet] [edited]
Nine American senior citizens spent Sunday night in a Victoria hospital after being striken with diarrhea and vomiting, probably from something they ate earlier in their bus tour. The medical health officer for the Vancouver Island Health Authority said that it's most likely a food-borne illness. However, VIHA has not ruled out that it could be an illness spread person-to-person. According to this story, a total of 15 people in the tour group experienced vomiting and diarrhea after arriving in Victoria from Washington State.

USA - E. coli outbreak associated with lettuce prompts call for better sanitation (Minnesota)
11 Jun 08
Business Wire [edited]
According to Pritzker Ruohonen & Associates, P.A. (law firm), ten cases of E. coli O157:H7 in the state of Washington have been associated with the consumption of lettuce. Based on interviews of those sickened, according to this story, health officials believe the source of the outbreak is bagged, commercial romaine lettuce. The cases may be associated with a restaurant and an educational institution. Because the outbreak is deemed over, health officials are not releasing the names of either, but Internet accounts of the outbreak indicate that some of those sickened may have eaten salads at Pacific Lutheran University in Tacoma.

USA-Alamosa tallying costs from Salmonella outbreak (Colorado)
06 Jun 08
The Denver Post, The Associated Press [FSNet] [edited]
The city estimates its share of direct expenses stemming from a Salmonella outbreak that sickened hundreds is $150,000, but bills are still coming in. According to this story, it is unknown exactly what caused the outbreak, which initially spread through the municipal water supply and led to more than 400 reported cases of Salmonella. The city's 8,500 residents were told to stop drinking water straight from the tap March 19 and until the system was treated. City Manager said the city's share of direct out-of-pocket expenses is estimated at $150,000. It cost about $255,000 to mobilize the Colorado National Guard and state incident management teams, which were covered under an emergency declaration. Staff time from the city and other agencies amounted to $225,000.

USA- E. coli infections in W. Wash. traced to romaine lettuce (Washington)
05 Jun 08
King5/The Associated Press [FSNet] [edited]
The Department of Health says nine confirmed cases of E. coli infection found in north Thurston and south Pierce counties have been traced to bagged, commercial romaine lettuce. According to this story, the Health Department says four cases of E. coli infection were identified in Thurston County, and six in Pierce County. Health Department spokesman Tim Church says five of the victims were hospitalized, but all have been released.
Related articles:
06 Jun 08 The Associated Press [FSNet]
E. coli outbreak apparently over in Thurston, Pierce counties
09 Jun 08, Salinas Californian, Nick Rahaim [FSNet]
E. coli illnesses tied to romaine

USA-7 Salmonella cases in state linked to handling baby chicks, duckling (Minnesota)
05 Jun 08
Star Tribune, Paul Walsh [FSNet] [edited]
Seven illnesses have been reported in Minnesota among people who have handled baby chicks or ducklings, the state Health Department reported this morning. According to this story, the cases of salmonellosis occurred from late March through late May, the department said, adding that those falling ill were ages 5 months to 70 years old. Two people, the 5-month-old and a 42-year-old, required hospitalization for a few days.

USA-No source yet determined for hepatitis A outbreak (Tennessee)
04 Jun 08
Knoxnews.com, Kristi L. Nelson [FSNet] [edited]
A health department investigation has been unable so far to find a source of the Hepatitis A outbreak that has infected at least eight people in the Mooresburg community of Hawkins County, near Cherokee Lake. According to this story, the Northeast Tennessee Regional Health Office has fielded thousands of telephone calls from people who live or recently camped in the Cherokee Lake area, and gave more than 1,500 hepatitis A vaccines over a three-day period last week. The health department says only people who were in the Mooresburg community or a nearby campground between May 15-29 might have been exposed to the virus, which is spread through feces or contaminated food or water and can cause serious liver damage if left untreated. Investigators have no reason to believe other time frames or locations along the lake are affected.
Related articles:
29 May 08 Knox News, Kristi L. Nelson [FSNet]
Hepatitis A vaccinations needed for Cherokee Lake area

USA-Cases of shigellosis increase in Scott County (Iowa)
31 May 08
Quad City Times [FSNet] [edited]
According to this story, the number of shigellosis cases in Scott County has increased dramatically over the past few weeks, according to health department officials. Typically, five cases are reported monthly, but there have been 22 cases so far in May.

USA-Spanish Fort brothers treated for E. coli (Alabama)
26 May 08
Press-Register, Virginia Bridges [FSNet] [edited]
Two Spanish Fort brothers are, according to a family member, being treated at a Birmingham hospital after exposure to the E. coli bacteria. According to this story, the boys, ages 4 and 7, are listed in fair and good condition, respectively, at Children's Hospital of Alabama, according to a spokesman for the facility. The youngest of the brothers first showed symptoms of the bacteria May 15 and his brother on May 20, said their mother.

USA- State identifies source of Salmonella outbreak on PU campus (New Jersey)
23 May 08
Princeton Packet, Katie Wagner [FSNet] [edited]
The New Jersey state Department of Health and Senior Services has confirmed the end of a series of cases of Salmonella infection on the Princeton University campus, according to this story, with the state issuing a statement Thursday identifying an “ill food handler who contaminated pre-shredded cheddar cheese” served at the Frist Campus Center as the probable origin. State investigators determined that the 28 confirmed cases of students and staff who contracted the infection between April 20 and May 2 “was most likely caused” by a food handler who had contact with several foods, according to a joint statement Thursday by the university and health officials. The fact that other venues on campus that receive the same cheddar cheese product were not linked to the Salmonella cases helped form the basis for the state’s conclusions, said Ms. Glenshaw, an epidemic intelligence service officer from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control who has been on assignment serving the state health department for two years, according to the joint statement. On May 2, the university closed the Olé Nuevo Latino food station and the salad bar at Frist, and also suspended the service of uncooked cheddar cheese elsewhere on campus. The state determined that no further cases occurred after the university took those steps, according to the joint statement.
Related articles:
22 May 08 Health Monitoring Systems [FSNet]
E. coli outbreak in New Jersey?
07 May 08 Daily Princetonian, Jack Ackerman [FSNet]
Salmonella outbreak plagues University (New Jersey)
01 May 08 Daily Princetonian/AP, Leah Haynesworth [FSNet]
Campus sees gastroenteritis spike

USA-JUST IN: More than 60 diners could have had Salmonella poisoning (Ohio)
19 May 08
Sandusky Online, Cody Frolik [FSNet] [edited]
Authorities have still not identified the source of a Salmonella outbreak that caused as many as 64 people who dined at Casa Fiesta in Norwalk to fall ill. According to this story, health officials are unable to say for sure how many people who ate at the Mexican restaurant in late April contracted Salmonella, since 28 patrons who exhibited Salmonella-like symptoms chose not to be tested for the bacteria. But laboratory tests did confirm 36 people had the infection.
Related article:
17 May 08 The Morning Journal, Heather Chapin-Fowler [FSNet]
OHIO: Restaurant staff tests positive for Salmonella in outbreak

USA-Salmonella outbreak traced to tainted dog food (New York)
15 May 08
Reuters/HealthDay News [FSNet] [edited]
Contaminated dry dog food was the source of an outbreak of Salmonella infections affecting people in 19 states, public health officials report in the Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, a publication of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. According to this story, the first three cases of infection reported in Pennsylvania in May, 2006, involved identical strains of Salmonella. By October, 2007, a total of 70 laboratory-confirmed human cases of the outbreak strain had been reported to the CDC. According to Dr. A. Ferraro, at the Pennsylvania Department of Health, and colleagues, the largest numbers of reported cases were in Pennsylvania (29 cases), New York (9 cases), and Ohio (7 cases). Roughly 40 percent of infected individuals were infants.
Related article:
15 May 08 Reuters [FSNet]
Salmonella outbreak traced to tainted dog food

USA- Cereal-linked Salmonella outbreak slowly grows
15 May 08
CIDRAP, Lisa Schnirring [FSNet] [edited]
A Salmonella outbreak connected to puffed rice and puffed wheat cereals made by Malt-O-Meal, based in Minneapolis, has crept upward to 28 cases in 15 states, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reported on May 13. The outbreak, according to this story, which surfaced in mid-April, involves an uncommon strain, Salmonella enterica serotype Agona. The same strain caused an outbreak a decade ago that was linked to toasted oat cereals produced at the company's Northfield, Minn., plant. In the CDC's most recent update, the number of cases is seven more than listed in the initial report. The number of states affected by the outbreak grew by two; most are in the Northeast and Midwest. The Malt-O-Meal products that were implicated in the outbreak were recalled on Apr 5. Illness onset dates were known for 23 patients and ranged from Jan 1 to Apr 10. Patients' ages range from 4 months to 95 years. Eight hospitalizations have been reported, but no deaths.

USA-Virus likely culprit as mourners suffer ailments following funeral (Colorado)
14 May 08
Rocky Mountain News, Jean Torkelson [FSNet] [edited]
Norovirus is believed to have sickened more than 80 mourners at the funeral last week of a popular Aurora priest, the Rev. Malachy McBride. According to this story, the virus seems to have originated at the reception, which was attended by about 800 people. The health department has investigated the event's two caterers but didn't find any infected employees. The bug could also have been lurking in baked goods donated by parishioners or been passed on by volunteers who laid out the food.
Related article:
09 May 08 TheDenverChannel.com, Russell Haythorn [FSNet]
65 become ill after funeral reception for popular priest; Health officials investigate possible norovirus outbreak in Aurora

USA-Another hepatitis A case linked to La Mesa restaurant (California)
05 May 08
NBC San Diego [FSNet] [edited]
Another case of hepatitis A possibly linked to a Chipotle restaurant in La Mesa has been reported, according to NBC 7/39. The total number of cases has grown to 20, NBC 7/39 reported. Eight women and 12 men have been diagnosed thus far. County health officials are trying to determine the source of the outbreak. All 26 food handlers identified to date by the restaurant have tested negative for active hepatitis A infection.
Related articles:
02 May 08 The San Diego Union-Tribune, Jose Jimenez [FSNet]
California: Another hepatitis A case reported
28 Apr 08 SignonSanDiego.com Union-Tribune Breaking News Team [FSNET]
USA: Four more cases of Hepatitis A confirmed (California)
25 Apr 08 AM 600 [FSNET]
USA: Additional hepatitis-A cases may be linked to La Mesa restaurant (San Diego)
23 Apr 08 Fox 6 [FSNET]
SAN DIEGO: 6 cases of Hepatitis A linked to La Mesa Chipotle

USA-Restaurant workers diagnosed with Hepatitis A (New Mexico)
29 Apr 08
KOB.com Eyewitness News 4 [FSNET] [edited]
According to this story, two Albuquerque I-HOP restaurants are under the microscope after two of its workers were diagnosed with Hepatitis A. According to the New Mexico Department of Health, the employees work at the I-HOP on Wyoming and Paseo and at the one near Interstate-25 and Montano.

USA-Local restaurant closed after 23 get sick (Ohio)
25 Apr 08
whiotv.com Jill Del Greco [FSNET] [edited]
Health officials closed a Mexican restaurant for several hours Friday after nearly two dozen people reported becoming sick, police said. The Greene County Health Department received 23 illness complaints from residents who ate at the Acapulco Mexican Restaurante in Xenia. Health officials believe the sickness was caused by a norovirus, otherwise known as the Norwalk virus.

USA-Sarpy County E. coli outbreak investigated (Omaha)
25 Apr 08
Omaha World-Herald Michael O'Connor [FSNET][edited]
State health officials are continuing to investigate an E. coli outbreak in Sarpy County that sickened 14 people — including a 7-year-old — and sent four people to the hospital. According to this story, the outbreak was caused by roast beef served at a reception hall in Sarpy County for a private gathering on March 26, and the meat was prepared at a person's home and brought to the event. The people affected ranged in age from 7 to 73. 50 to 60 people were at the gathering. Some who ate the meat were not sickened. It's possible that E. coli was not on all of the meat. The state has not yet determined how the meat was contaminated.

USA-About 435 Chipotle patrons report getting sick (Ohio)
23 Apr 08
Ohio.com Katie Byard [FSNET] [edited]
The number of people who reported that they became sick after eating at the Chipotle Mexican Grill in Kent has grown to about 435. That's up from the 180 reports received as of Saturday afternoon.
Related Articles:
21 Apr 08 newsnet5 [FSNET]
Ohio: Health officials suspect Norwalk virus in Chipotle cases

USA-2 cases of Salmonella in Mass. linked to Malt-O-Meal (Massachusetts)
15 Apr 08
Associated Press [FSNET] [edited]
BOSTON -- State officials say an elderly woman and a toddler were sickened by Salmonella bacteria linked to recalled Malt-O-Meal cereal. Malt-O-Meal voluntarily recalled its unsweetened Puffed Rice and Puffed Wheat cereals on April 5 after finding Salmonella contamination during routine testing. The Massachusetts Department of Public Health says at least 23 people in 14 states were sickened by the same strain of Salmonella found in the cereal, including a 73-year-old woman and an 18-month-old child in Massachusetts.
Related Articles:
13 Apr 08 USA Today/AP [FSNET]
Minneapolis: FDA: Cereal tied to at least 23 Salmonella cases
12 Apr 08 FDA [FSNET]
US: Salmonella illnesses in multiple states may be linked to recently recalled cereal
11 Apr 08 Minnesota Department of Health [FSNET]
Minnesota: State officials investigate Salmonella infections linked to recalled cereal

USA-Test reveals norovirus as cause for UCONN students' illness
03 Apr 08
WTNH [FSNET] [edited]
Twenty-three UConn students that attended a function at a Manchester restaurant have, according to this story, been diagnosed with norovirus. Last weekend, the students attended an event hosted by a school organization at a Manchester restaurant, which has not been named. The Manchester Health Department says its likely the students contracted the highly contagious virus at the restaurant.

USA-Frozen chicken entrees linked to Salmonella outbreak (Minnesota)
29 Mar 08
Minnesota Public Radio Lorna Benson [FSNET] [edited]
Raw, frozen chicken entrees once again have been linked to a Salmonella outbreak in Minnesota. The Minnesota Department of Health said two people were sickened after eating breaded, pre-browned chicken cordon bleu produced by Milford Valley Farms. According to this story, one of the victims prepared the frozen entree in a microwave, even though that method of preparation is not recommended on the package.

USA-Number of illnesses from Easter buffet rises to 115 (Kentucky)
28 Mar 08
The Courier-Journal Jere Downs [FSNET] [edited]
SHELBYVILLE, Ky.--The number of people who have become sick after eating the Easter buffet at Claudia Sanders Dinner House has, according to this story, increased to 115. The North Central District Health Department is studying whether a recent death might also be linked to the outbreak, About 2,500 people dined at the Easter buffet Sunday, with reports of illness coming shortly thereafter.

USA-State finishes Salmonella report for Yuma (Arizona)
27 Mar 08
Yuma Sun Sarah Reynolds [FSNET] [edited]
A report released this week by the state health department was cited as confirming that Yuma cases of Salmonella at a February charity event were caused by improper food handling. The illnesses stem from tri-tip beef that was served at the Hospice of Yuma roping roundup, barbecue and western dance at the Yuma County Fairgrounds on Feb. 2. The investigation by the Arizona Department of Health Services showed that 2,100 pounds of beef were cooked at the event. Incorrect food handling and storage procedures at the Hospice event are likely the root cause, the report said.

USA-Melon sickens 9 in state (Washington)
25 Mar 08
The Olympian [FSNET] [edited]
Two cases of Salmonella related to cantaloupe from Honduras have been reported in Thurston County and one in Lewis County, the state Department of Health reported Monday. Five of nine cases statewide have required hospitalization, including the one in Lewis County, but there have been no deaths.

USA-FDA warns of Salmonella risk with cantaloupes from Agropecuaria Montelibano
22 Mar 08
U.S. Food and Drug Administration Press Release [FSNET] [edited]
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has issued an import alert regarding entry of cantaloupe from Agropecuaria Montelibano, a Honduran grower and packer, because, based on current information, fruit from this company appears to be associated with a Salmonella Litchfield outbreak in the United States and Canada. The import alert advises FDA field offices that all cantaloupes shipped to the United States by this company are to be detained. To date, the FDA has received reports of 50 illnesses in 16 states and nine illnesses in Canada linked to the consumption of cantaloupes. No deaths have been reported; however, 14 people have been hospitalized. The states are Arizona, California, Colorado, Georgia, Illinois, Missouri, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Tennessee, Utah, Washington, and Wisconsin.

USA-111 sick with Salmonella (Colorado)
20 Mar 08
Rocky Mountain News Jerd Smith [FSNET] [edited]
Alamosa officials plan to shut down the town's water system to disinfect it and look for the source of Salmonella that has sickened more than 110 residents. Thursday afternoon, the Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment reported 111 cases of the intestinal illness, up from 79 Wednesday. Of those, 35 are confirmed, 52 cases are probable and 24 are suspect.
Related Articles:
17 Mar 08, 9news.com NBC Jeffrey Wolf [FSNET]
Outbreak of Salmonella detected in Colorado

USA-State health officials investigate Salmonella cases in Santa Fe (New Mexico)
15 Mar 08
The Associated Press [FSNET] [edited]
SANTA FE — State health officials are, according to this story, investigating four cases of a rare type of Salmonella in people who ate at the Flying Tortilla in Santa Fe from mid-January to mid-February. The state Health Department was cited as saying it learned of the most recent case last week. All of the patients have recovered, but the department is still trying to determine the cause of the Salmonella.

USA-County health district confirms 19 Salmonella cases (Arizona)
07 Mar 08
The Yuma County Health District has, according to this story, received 19 confirmations of Salmonella stemming from a recent Yuma event from the 20 samples it submitted for state testing. Nineteen were positive for having contracted a strain of Salmonella from beef tri-tip served at the Hospice of Yuma roping roundup, barbecue and western dance at the Yuma County Fairgrounds on Feb. 2. Some meat was later taken home by volunteers or donated to Crossroads Mission. Some cases of illnesses were traced to those incidences.

USA-Uncommon Salmonella traced back to raw ahi (Hawaii)
26 Jan 08
Star-Bulletin Helen Altonn [FSNET] [edited]
State health investigators have, according to this story, identified a relatively rare type of Salmonella poisoning on Oahu that they linked to similar cases on the mainland through "fingerprints" of the bacteria's DNA. Illnesses are believed due to raw ahi imported and distributed to Hawaii and other places, and that in Hawaii, it looks as though people became ill after eating raw ahi mostly in poke but also sashimi. The State Health Department spokeswoman, was cited as saying about 30 cases have been confirmed on Oahu since October, and that five people were hospitalized but have been released. The unusual culprit is known as Salmonella Paratyphi B.

USA-5 sickened by raw milk (Washington)
15 Jan 08
Bellingham Herald Mary Lane Gallagher [FSNET] [edited]
FERNDALE — The Whatcom County Health Department was cited as announcing Monday that five people were sickened by the bacteria found in raw milk that was recalled last month from a local dairy. Four Whatcom County residents and one Skagit County resident tested positive for the same Campylobacter jejuni strain that was found in a routine sample of raw milk from Pleasant Valley Dairy. The dairy pulled that batch of milk from the shelves and has resumed its distribution of raw milk.

USA-Salmonella sickens 11 in Leola (Pennsylvania)
06 Jan 08
Lancasteronline.com Paula Wolf [FSNET] [edited]
A Christmas party last month for employees of Leola Village Inn & Suites has, according to this story, led to an outbreak of Salmonella that's being investigated by the state Department of Health. The story says the state confirmed that 11 people over three days contracted Salmonella at the restaurant Mazzi, including a few who attended other private parties there. A spokeswoman for the Department of Health was cited as saying Friday that there were 11 confirmed laboratory cases of Salmonella involving people who ate at Mazzi on Dec. 10, 11 and 12, and 39 more people who reported feeling ill. The cause still hasn't been determined.

Africa: Policy Issues

CaitlinCatella — Mon, 23 Jan 2012 10:28:54 CST

Ethiopia- Support to food safety 16 Jan. 2012 CTA [edited] [BITES] http://brussels.cta.int/index.php?option=com_k2&id=6341:ethiopia&view=item&Itemid=54 A training program was recently organized. The mission was to develop and install the documentation system required for Ethiopia to comply with the requirements of the Global Standard for Food Safety (formally known as BRC). The PIP, which is financed by the European Development Fund, was established by the EU. Once all the trainings were completed, an expert assisted the food safety manager to develop tailor made documentation and record systems based on the requirements of the BRC standard and the needs of the company. He also coached the middle management team on the installation of the developed tools, involving translation of some key documents to Amharic, the national language of Ethiopia.

Africa- CARE calls for more attention on food insecurity in Africa

16 May 2011
Trust.org [edited]
CARE, a leading international humanitarian organization, calls for the international community to respond to the current and recurring food insecurity in countries in the Horn of Africa. Almost eight million people are severely affected by an ongoing drought. Chronic vulnerability, poverty, social injustice and climate change are all responsible for recurring food insecurity in the Horn of Africa according to CARE’s Regional Emergency Coordinator for East Africa. The drought could have negative long-term and immediate effects such as the outbreak of diseases, especially in areas with inadequate hygiene conditions; death of livestock; conflict over resources in pastoral areas and reduced purchasing power in the affected areas. CARE offices in the Horn of Africa are responding to the situation by providing safe drinking water, hygiene and sanitation, nutrition and livelihood protection as well as livestock interventions in order to help families respond to drought conditions and mitigate the impact of food insecurity.

Ghana- Disregard for safety standards by food producers

12 May 2011
Joy News [edited] [BITES]
Investigations by the Food and Drugs Board have revealed a number of food producers compromising safety standards. Apart from unhygienic facilities, the FDB also found that a higher number of staff lack knowledge about personal hygiene and food safety practices. Officials have stated that they are now training food and water producers in the many regions. The Deputy Chief Executive of the FDB stated that many of the food production did not keep any records on quality management systems, which could increase the public health burden and government health bill needlessly.

Africa- Governments promoting coordinated approach to food safety issues
May 2011 Agritrade News [edited]
Across Africa, the growing importance of promoting a coordinated national and regional approach to ensuring food safety is gaining recognition. In West Africa, the government of Nigeria has formed a multi-disciplinary National Food Safety Management Committee that will be responsible for food safety and quality control measures. This follows frequent cases of Nigerian food exports being rejected at the point of entry to overseas markets on health or quality grounds. The initiative follows a conference supported by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) on the Hazard and Analysis Critical Control Points (HACCP) process. Across the continent, work is under way in the East African Community to harmonize food safety standards. It is hoped that closer regional harmonization of standards will help to restrict the volume of poor quality food in circulation, while at the same time making trade easier, by promoting recognition of common standards by all member states.

Ghana- No sanitation facilities in 91% of homes in Accra

22 Jan. 2011
Myjoyonline.com [EatSafe Ghana] [edited]
Ninety-one per cent of all dwellings in the national capital are without ‘private places of convenience’ according to the Accra Metropolitan Assembly (AMA). The startling figures released by the Public Health Unit of the assembly also revealed that the situation had created a heavy dependence on public toilets and unapproved places for the disposal of human waste in the city. AMA has embarked on a month-long house-to-house inspection exercise to serve notices to those houses without the facilities and the owners are expected to provide the facilities by the end of September this year.

Food Safety Policy Issues

CaitlinCatella — Mon, 23 Jan 2012 10:22:15 CST

Wildlife Products- Paper highlights zoonotic risks associated with illegally imported wildlife products
13 Jan. 2012
Plosone.org [edited] [CAHFS-DailyNews]
http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0029505
A new study details the findings of a pilot project to establish surveillance methodology for zoonotic agents in confiscated wildlife products (focusing on the illegal bushmeat trade). Products illegally trafficked included animal parts from baboons, chimpanzees, mangabeys, guenons, green monkeys, and cane rats. The samples were tested for a host of zoonotic risks including leptospirosis, anthrax, filoviruses, etc.

China to ban antibiotics as growth promoters
13 Sept. 2011
Wattagnet [edited]
http://www.wattagnet.com/China_to_ban_antibiotics_as_growth_promoters.html
China's Ministry of Agriculture has announced a forthcoming ban on antibiotics as growth promoters in animal feed. It is estimated that today China produces 400,000 tons of antibiotics annually. The ban is supported by the academic community, which believes that without antibiotics in animal feed, the health of animals will be better promoted, microbes' resistance to antibiotics will be lowered and food will become safer to eat. Statistics show that in 2006, China produced 210,000 tons of antibiotics, and 97,000 tons were added to animal feed.

Broad-based Transatlantic Consumer Dialogue Proposes Tighter Controls of Antimicrobial Use on the Farm
June 29, 2011
CSPI
Last week in Brussels, Belgium, consumer organizations representing both American and European consumers approved a resolution calling on governments to reduce their use of antimicrobials in farm animals to ensure the continued effectiveness of those drugs for treating human illnesses. The resolution urged governments to ban the use of antimicrobials for non-therapeutic purposes in food-producing animals and to adopt policies requiring veterinarians to determine when the use of the drugs is needed.
The resolution states that a number of factors contribute to the growing threat of antimicrobial resistance, including the use of antibiotics in human medicine and its excessive use in animal husbandry. It states, “With regard to animal farming, antimicrobials are not just used to cure infections, but also routinely added to livestock feed and/or water to prevent infections in healthy animals and as growth promoters.” The Transatlantic Consumer Dialogue (TACD) is a forum for consumer organizations in the United States and Europe to develop consumer policy recommendations on important food and trade issues. The 12th Annual Meeting of the organization was held in Brussels on June 21, 2011. Ensuring the safety of food was a priority area discussed at the meeting. Caroline Smith DeWaal, the Director of Food Safety for the Center for Science in the Public Interest (CSPI) and the Co-Chair of the TACD Food Policy Committee, discussed the resolution at a plenary session with Commissioner John Dalli, the European Commissioner of Health and Consumer Affairs. “The recent outbreak of foodborne illnesses in Germany illustrated the enormous challenge of food safety. That tragedy is a reminder that the biological world does not stand still or wait for sensible new policies to be adopted.” DeWaal said. “It is constantly moving, and governments must develop policies that anticipate problems before they erupt into major outbreaks.”
The resolution on the use of antimicrobials adopted by TACD follows the recommendations issued during World Health Day 2011 by the World Health Organization (WHO), which called for governments to reduce the need for antimicrobial use on the farm through better policies and animal husbandry practices. The TACD resolution urged that the use in animals of drugs that are critically important to human medicine be significantly reduced or eliminated, along with a total ban on the non-therapeutic use of antimicrobials in animal and food production. In addition, the resolution calls on governments to create and fund systems to monitor the use of antimicrobials in food-producing animals. National surveillance systems should operate farm-to-table and integrate the findings of public health, veterinary, and food safety laboratories.
Also discussing food policy challenges related to food safety was Sue Davies, the Chief Policy Adviser for Which? (a consumer advocacy organization based in the United Kingdom) and the EU Co-Chair of the TACD Food Policy Committee. Davies remarked, “[it is] a critical time for food policy as many issues are coming together and need to be tackled effectively to ensure that consumers can make healthy and safe food choices – whether that’s expectations of quality, origin, or the ability to act on ethical or other concerns.” She also mentioned the significance of the recent E. coli outbreak in Germany in highlighting how food safety must be addressed. She stated that governments need to be alert to new and emerging risks, especially in the face of an increasingly complex and globalized food supply chain.
http://cspinet.org/new/201106291.html

China- 14 people jailed in tainted milk case
30 April 2011
New Zealand Herald News [edited] [BITES]
Chinese courts have sentenced 14 people to prison terms (up to life in prison) for producing or selling melamine-tainted milk powder. The sentences imposed on Friday underscore China's struggle to stop sales of tainted food despite repeated crackdowns.

S. Korea- Emergency Inspections of Milk
29 April 2011
Xinhuanet.com [edited] [CAHFS-DailyNews]
South Korea has decided to conduct emergency inspections of milk sold in the market by four major dairy companies to check for formalin (a liquid form of formaldehyde), according to the National Veterinary Research and Quarantine Service (NVRQS). Formalin was largely used in the past as a disinfectant and bactericide for preservation of biological specimens, but its use has decreased over the years due to health concerns.

FDA Screening of Imported Food from Japan
21 April 2011
FDA.gov [edited] [CAHFS-DailyNews]
The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is processing all food products from Japan in four categories:
Category 1: consists of products that the Government of Japan has restricted for sale or export. Authorities will prevent these products from entering the U.S. These products cannot gain entry by providing sample results. As of April 20, 2011, these include:
- Spinach, lettuce, celery, cress, endive, escarole, chard, collards, and other head-type leafy vegetables from the Fukushima Prefecture. - Turnips and other non-head type leafy vegetables, as well as broccoli, cauliflower, flower head brassicas (i.e. broccoli and cauliflower), and mushrooms from the Fukushima Prefecture. - Milk from the Fukushima and Ibaraki Prefectures. - Spinach and kakina from the Fukushima and Ibaraki Prefectures.
Category 2: consists of products from the Fukushima, Gunma, Ibaraki, Tochigi, Chiba or Saitama Prefectures that the Government of Japan has not currently banned for sale or export. These specific products include dairy products and fresh produce. Under Import Alert 99-33, authorities may detain these products when they arrive in the U.S. Authorities will release these products from detention if the importer can show the products are compliant.
Category 3: consists of food and feed products not covered by FDA’s Import Alert that come from these ten Japanese prefectures: Fukushima, Gunma, Ibaraki, Tochigi, Chiba, Saitama, Kanagawa, Miyagi, Niigata, and Tokyo. FDA will examine these products, sampling and testing as needed, to determine if they are safe to enter the U.S. Category 4: consists of all other FDA-regulated food products from Japan that are not listed in the Import Alert and do not belong to one of the other categories. Authorities will review these products using standard procedures, and as part of this may monitor and sample products as resources permit.

Japan- A look at food safety with VETCOM
17 April 2011
Dvids [edited] [BITES]
The Army Veterinary Command (VETCOM) does more than just take care of Soldiers’ pets, they have another mission: food safety and quality assurance for U. S. Forces in Japan. Units in Japan work to ensure food coming into the commissary (restaurants located on post and the dining facility) is within regulations and standards set by the Army, the Food and Drug Administration and the United States Department of Agriculture. Food safety and crop contamination has been a large concern in all the communities in Japan since the March 11th earthquake and tsunami. The food protection officer of Japan’s District VETCOM, has assured the community that the food consumed by residents and military personal at Camp Zama and the surrounding area is within regulations and safe for consumption.

WHO- INFOSAN progress report: 2004-2010
22 March 2011
WHO [edited] [BITES]
Ensuring food safety and preventing foodborne diseases is an international public health concern. It is critical that food safety authorities around the globe collaborate and share information and experiences. The International Food Safety Authorities Network (INFOSAN), is a joint program between the Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and the World Health Organization (WHO), and has been providing a mechanism to facilitate sharing of information since 2004. While its full potential remains to be realized, significant progress has been made in building the Network and establishing partnerships. In May 2010, the World Health Assembly (WHA) adopted a resolution on Advancing Food Safety Initiatives re-enforcing the importance of INFOSAN. The resolution encourages participation of all Member States in INFOSAN and its related activities. It calls for further development of INFOSAN and encourages communication and technical exchange of risk assessments and best practices among Network members. It also supports the strengthening of the emergency functions of INFOSAN, recognizing the Network as a critical component of WHO’s preventive and emergency operations related to food safety. The progress report provides an overview of INFOSAN by describing why and how it was formed and its aims and objectives.

Australia- Health concerns in wake of flood
14 Jan. 2011
AAP [edited] [BITES]
As floodwaters subside in southern Queensland, health authorities are concerned about food safety, water quality and mosquitoes. States and territories had agreed to provide officers with expertise in environmental health.

Netherlands- Dutch plan to get tough on antibiotics
29 Dec.2010
Meatingplace [edited] [BITES]
The Dutch Minister of Agriculture has written to the Dutch Parliament confirming support for a new plan to reduce the use of antibiotics in livestock by 50 percent by 2013. The core of the plan is the central registry of the use of drugs by both veterinarians and farmers. Currently, there is an investigation by the Health Ministry on the risks of using antibiotics in livestock for human health. If the results of this investigation indicate that further tightening of the use of antibiotics is necessary then the Minister of Agriculture will take further action.

Ukraine- E. coli in Polish meat exports
2 Dec. 2010
thenews.pl [edited] [BITES]
The Ukrainian state veterinary committee has expressed concern over the quality of Polish meat exports, claiming some items have been discovered carrying traces of E coli. A ban on meat exports from Poland is not yet being considered. It was reported that quantities of Polish bacon were contaminated with antibiotics and E. coli. Also, over 20 tons of Polish meat has been exported to Slovakia and was discovered to be contaminated with salmonella.

First global guidelines for aquaculture certification finalized
1 October 2010
FAO [edited] [BITES]
The first global guidelines for aquaculture certification have been adopted by the Sub-Committee on Aquaculture of the Committee on Fisheries, part of the UN Food and Agriculture Organization. Over 50 countries attended the meeting of the sub-committee, which is the only global intergovernmental forum discussing aquaculture development. The guidelines, which are non-binding, cover animal health, food safety, the environment and socio-economic issues relating to aquaculture workers. They will now go to the Committee on Fisheries when it meets in Rome in January 2011 for approval. If the guidelines are followed in full by countries, certification will enable consumers standing at the fish counter to know whether the shrimp they are considering buying were raised without damaging a coastal mangrove swamp, whether the fish farm worker was paid a fair wage, and whether the shell fish is free of contamination. Although aquatic animal health and food safety issues have been subjected to certification and international compliance for many years, the new guidelines mark the first time animal welfare, environmental issues and socio-economic aspects have been subjected to compliance or certification.

Food safety and risk governance in globalized markets
01 July 2010
Discussion Paper [edited] [BITES]
A new generation of food safety policy is emerging in OECD countries and international public health forums. The United States has actively contributed to the thinking and scientific research underlying this new generation of policy. A consensus has emerged among nations about the basic components of an effective food safety system based on modern science and management practices. In shorthand, the vision is of a farm-to-fork, risk-based, scientifically supported safety control system. This system is built on several decades of experience with risk management in national governments, particularly in U.S. environmental and occupational and consumer safety policy.
Food safety policy and economics – A review of the literature
01 July 2010 Discussion Paper [edited] [BITES]
This paper provides an overview of developments in food safety policy in major industrial countries and of economic analysis of this policy. It describes the elements of a risk-based, farm-to-fork food safety system as it is emerging in OECD countries guided by discussions through Codex Alimentarius and traces its roots in the development of risk management policy in the United States.

Food safety is critical to nutrition security
20 Jan 2010
SciDev.net [edited][FSNet]
WHO's Jørgen Schlundt writes that food safety as well as nutrition needs to be focused on to feed the hungry — but there are many barriers to safe eating.
The concept of nutrition security — ensuring access to food that is nutritious as well as sufficient — is increasingly being used to stress the importance of the quality of food for people of all ages.
Poor nutrition weakens immune systems and contributes to half the deaths associated with infectious disease among children aged under five in developing countries. Undernutrition in the early years of life can also impair long-term cognitive development and productivity at work.
Micronutrient deficiencies also have severe health impacts — vitamin A deficiency is the leading cause of blindness in children, affecting up to half a million children each year. Iodine deficiency causes brain damage and iron deficiency is responsible for anaemia in two billion people worldwide.
Safety and nutrition links
But there is another aspect of food quality that is equally important — safety.
Nutrition and food safety are inextricably linked, particularly in places where food supplies are insecure. When food becomes scarce, hygiene, safety and nutrition are often ignored as people shift to less nutritious diets and consume more 'unsafe foods' — in which chemical, microbiological, zoonotic and other hazards pose a health risk.
Unsafe food, whether arising from poor quality supplies or inadequate treatment and preparation, increases the risk of foodborne infections such as diarrhea. These infections have a much higher impact on populations of poor nutritional status, where diarrhoea can easily lead to serious illness and death.
Indeed, poor nutrition and foodborne disease often join hands in a vicious cycle of worsening health. For example, poor nutritional status weakens resistance against diarrhoea, which, in turn, leads to the uptake of fewer nutrients and poorer nutritional status.
Food safety must be systematically integrated into policies and interventions to improve nutrition and food availability.
The first step is for all countries to adopt and adhere to international standards on food safety, such as those developed by the WHO and Food and Agriculture Organization through the Codex Alimentarius Commission.
Efficient food safety interventions often require coordinated action throughout the food safety chain. For example, if chickens are infected with Salmonella at a farm, how they are then treated at the slaughterhouse, in the shop or market and in the kitchen all determine the number of bacteria that reach consumers, and so the number of people getting sick (or dying).
Likewise, if the level of a hazardous chemical can be followed in the different stages of food production we will also learn where to introduce the most efficient prevention measures.
Importantly, international standards are non-negotiable and should apply equally to populations — an acceptable level of food contamination is not higher for starving people than for others.
There should not be one framework for food that is exported and another for food consumed locally as has previously been the case even in some developed countries. By the same token, there should not be one framework for populations with sufficient nutrition and another for hungry ones.
Coherent and holistic national food safety systems would not only improve health in countries with insecure food supplies — they would also help development and boost food trade. A national system that can live up to international standards will ensure that local products can be exported to other markets.
There are many obstacles to building efficient food safety systems, not least the lack of political awareness. Food safety as a local health and development problem is still rarely acknowledged by decision makers in many developing countries, and is often given little priority by major donors.
Recent food safety scandals and a growing knowledge base are slowly making a change. When the BSE (bovine spongiform encephalopathy) scandal hit Europe in the 1990s, it led to a major overhaul of the system. Likewise, new data on antimicrobial resistance has led to the discontinuation of antimicrobial growth promoters in some countries.
It is also clear that one major obstacle to improving food safety systems, particularly in developing countries, is the lack of data on the burden of foodborne diseases both globally and within nations. Such data are critical to establishing evidence-based national and international food safety policies.

Southeast Asia: Policy Issues

CaitlinCatella — Wed, 11 Jan 2012 10:15:39 CST

India- Study finds 68% of milk in India contaminated
11 Jan. 2012
The National [edited] [CAHFS-DailyNews]
http://www.thenational.ae/news/world/south-asia/68-of-indian-milk-contaminated
A survey of 33 of the India's 35 states and territories by the Food Safety and Standards Authority of India found 68 percent of 1,791 cow and buffalo milk samples were contaminated, most diluted with water or sweeteners, fat, non-edible solids, glucose and skimmed milk powder to increase volume. Some samples also were found to contain detergent, the bleaching agent hydrogen peroxide and the fertiliser, urea.

Sri Lanka- Public letter grading of restaurants, food places
29 Dec. 2011
Barfblog [edited] [BITES]
http://www.barfblog.com/blog/152249/11/12/29/sri-lanka-goes-public-letter-grading-restaurants-food-places
The Health Ministry has taken steps to grade all food handling establishments under the H-800 Food Handling Establishments Inspection system, with the objective of ensuring food security in Sri Lanka. As urbanization increases, more people in Sri Lanka buy food from restaurants/food retailers, so it is important to ensure the food security in all hotels, bakeries, groceries, supermarkets, snack bars and other food establishments.
These establishments will be categorized: A,B,C or D, in order to ensure food safety. The ministry will offer a certificate by mentioning the grade that they have obtained and they should display their certificates at their establishments, which would be easy for the general public to get an idea about food establishments, according to the Health Ministry, Environmental and Occupational Health Director. So far, 1,350 out of 10,000 food handling establishments inspected by Health Ministry officials have obtained the A grade.

India- New food safety law likely to cost India over Rs 15,000 cr
16 June 2011
Business Standard [edited] [BITES]
India will need Rs 15,000-17,000 crore in four to five years for implementing the Food Safety & Standards Rules, 2011, according to estimates by the health ministry. The Planning Commission is expected to take a call soon on the expenditure, which will be a component of the health ministry’s 12th plan allocation. The ministry is expected to pitch for doubling the allocation for the overall health sector.

Thailand- Chemical contamination in chicken
15 June 2011
The Nation [edited] [ProMed]
Many slaughterhouses from a particular province have sent formalin-soaked chicken to remote areas for sale, targeting unknowing customers. Livestock Development officials raided 6 chicken slaughterhouses and seized about 8 tones of decomposed chicken. Formalin was clearly used.

Thailand- Food safety key to export growth
29 March 2011
Bangkok Post [edited] [BITES]
The government is being urged to ensure food security for consumption before focusing on exports according to the Federation of Thai Industries' (FTI) food processing industry club. Thailand's food industry has seen a growth of 10-15% in recent years. It is also recommended that the government provide a clear division between food for energy and food for consumption. Although the recent earthquake that hit Japan has increased Japan’s demand for food, the high standards Japan requires for food imports, makes it difficult to export products there from Thailand. About 25% of Thailand's food exports go to Japan, mainly frozen food, shrimp and chicken.

India- BMC to crack down on roadside vendors
23 March 2011
DNA [edited] [BITES]
With the rise in temperature, the Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation (BMC) has decided to take action on the sale of unhygienic and substandard drinks and food. BMC has instructed the health department to take action against vendors selling unhygienic food and drinks. They believe cracking down on the 2,000 roadside stalls will help to get rid of waterborne diseases.

Sri Lanka- Foodborne diseases: hotel industry altered
13 March 2011
The Nation [edited] [BITES]
Concerned by mounting health complaints from guests who have fallen ill after consuming food served in hotels, the Colombo Municipal Council, which recently made it mandatory that all food handlers and staff in the hotel industry get medical check-ups, is stepping up these operations. The health problems that have resulted from the consumption of hotel meals could have been passed by the food handlers. Worms was one of the most common diseases found by checking samples of food handlers’ stools. It was also found that when it came to infectious bacterial diseases, most of the hotel workers fell into two categories: those who had suffered from an infectious bacterial disease in the past, such as hepatitis or typhoid, and those who had never had these diseases before. Based on these findings, the Council is trying to isolate the first category of workers from the rest.

India- Efforts against food adulteration stepped up in Kanpur
13 Feb. 2011
MSN [edited] [BITES]
Efforts to detection adulterated food items and advocate for preventive measures are increasing in the district. Also, an awareness program will soon be launched in various city schools.

Latin America : Food Safety Studies

CaitlinCatella — Wed, 11 Jan 2012 10:14:14 CST

Haiti- Cholera is tracked more rapidly by social media
09 Jan. 2012
American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene [edited] [BITES]
http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-01/bc-nsc010412.php
Internet-based news and Twitter feeds were faster than traditional sources at detecting the onset and progression of the cholera epidemic in post-earthquake Haiti that has killed more than 6,500 people and sickened almost half a million. The study is the first to demonstrate the use of data from "informal" media sources in monitoring an outbreak of a neglected tropical disease in a resource-limited setting, and shows that these sources can yield reliable decision-making data during deadly disease outbreaks almost in real-time, often far earlier than traditional surveillance methods that include surveys of hospitals and health clinics.

Ecuador- E. COLI MULTIRRESISTENTE, DISEMINACION POR VIAS DE COMUNICACION
04 de octubre, 2011
Diario Salud [edited] [ProMed]
<http://www.diariosalud.net/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=22674&Itemid=36>
La bacteria _E. coli_ resistente a los antibióticos es mucho más
prevalente en las aldeas situadas junto a las carreteras, que en las
aldeas rurales ubicadas lejos de las rutas, lo cual indica que las
carreteras desempeñan un papel importante en la propagación o la
contención de las bacterias resistentes a los antibióticos, conocidas
como superbacterias.
Muchos estudios sobre varias enfermedades infecciosas han demostrado
que los caminos tienen un impacto en la propagación de las
enfermedades, pero éste es el primer estudio conocido que muestra que
las carreteras también tienen un impacto en la propagación de las
bacterias resistentes a los antibióticos, dijo Joe Eisenberg, coautor
y profesor en la Escuela de Salud Pública de la Universidad de
Michigan (UM).
Los investigadores en la escuela de la UM y sus colegas de la
Universidad de San Francisco en Quito (Ecuador), y el Trinity College
estudiaron durante cinco años una región en el noroeste de Ecuador,
enfocándose en la _E. coli_ resistente a los antibióticos y la
combinación común de antibióticos de ampicilina y sulfametoxazol.

Colombia- Toxoplasmosis trends across Columbian cities
22 July 2011
Elespectador.com [CAHFS-DailyNews]
The Colombian National Study on Congenital Toxoplasmosis was conducted in 7 Colombian cities and 19 hospitals tracking 15,333 newborns. It revealed that there were significant differences in infection rates among the studied cities. Although other factors were studied, rainfall was significantly correlated with increased incidence of toxoplasmosis. This is because when it rains there is usually an increase in the number of cases of toxoplasmosis because water carries infectious material into rivers and eventually to the aqueducts. The parasite can remain in the soil for up to one year without losing its infectivity.

Haiti- Cholera, diarrhea, dysentery update
4 May 2011
United Nations [edited] [ProMed]
After the devastating earthquake of Jan. 2010, cholera appeared in Haiti for the first time in nearly a century. The outbreak subsequently claimed over 4,500 lives, sickened almost 300,000 people, and continues to cause infections and deaths in Haiti today. The source of the cholera has been controversial. In order to determine the source of the outbreak definitively, the Secretary-General of the UN formed an Independent Panel of four international experts with a mandate to investigate and seek to determine the source of the 2010 cholera outbreak in Haiti. To fulfill this mandate, concurrent epidemiological, water and sanitation, and molecular analysis investigations were carried out. The hydrological data, combined with the epidemiological timeline, and supported by the molecular analysis information verifies that contaminated river water was the likely route of spread of Vibrio cholerae from the mountains of Mirebalais to the coastal areas around the Artibonite River Delta.

Colombia- Antimicrobial susceptibility of Listeria monocytogenes food isolates from different cities
14 April 2011
Foodborne Pathogens and Disease [edited] [BITES]
One hundred eight Listeria monocytogenes food isolates from four cities in Colombia were characterized for antimicrobial susceptibility. Isolates were evaluated against 17 antimicrobials. Susceptibility found for ampicillin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, and chloramphenicol was 100%, whereas it was 98% for other antimicrobials such as trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, 97% for azithromycin, 92% for vancomycin, 90% for erythromycin, 86% for tetracycline, 84% for penicillin, 70% for ciprofloxacin, 57% for rifampin, 56% for meropenem, and 32% for clindamycin. Natural resistance to cephalosporins was confirmed in all cases, and 16% of isolates were nonsusceptible to penicillin. Colombian food isolates displayed high resistance to clindamycin, meropenem, rifampin, and ciprofloxacin (30%–65%), and the primary drugs of choice against listeriosis remain effective for most of isolates (84%).

Argentina- Factors associated with sporadic verotoxigenic Escherichia coli infection in children with diarrhea
14 April 2011
Foodborne Pathogens and Disease [edited] [BITES]
Verotoxigenic Escherichia coli (VTEC) are one of the most important emerging foodborne pathogens and the principal cause of hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS). Argentina is the country with the highest incidence of HUS in children less than 5 years of age. The lack of specific treatment, combined with the high morbidity rate of VTEC infection, makes prevention the main tool for reducing the incidence of HUS. The current work aimed at assessing the factors associated with sporadic VTEC infection in children with acute diarrhea from the Central Eastern area of Argentina where the incidence rate of HUS in children under 5 is the highest worldwide. Researchers believe that the data obtained from this study further the current knowledge about the epidemiology of VTEC infection in Argentina and could be considered when planning strategies for the prevention of the disease.

Chile- Burden of acute gastrointestinal illness, 2008
09 March 2011
Epidemiology and Infection [edited] [BITES]
The purpose of this study was to determine the magnitude and distribution of acute gastrointestinal illness (GI) in the Chilean population, describe its burden and presentation, identify risk factors associated with GI and assess the differences between a 7-day, 15-day and a 30-day recall period in the population-based burden of illness study design. Face-to-face surveys were conducted on more about six thousand randomly selected residents in the Metropolitan region, Chile in 2008.

West Pacific: Policy Issues

CaitlinCatella — Mon, 09 Jan 2012 08:48:07 CST

China- Investigates another report of ‘fake’ cooking oil
6 Jan. 2012
Reuters [edited] [CAHFS-DailyNews]
http://www.reuters.com/article/2012/01/05/us-china-food-safety-idUSTRE80416P20120105
A factory in southernChinais being investigated after reports that it has been selling adulterated cooking oil, which was possibly sold to makers of popular instant noodles. Officials were investigating media reports that the factory had mixed cottonseed oil and flavor-enhanced soybean oil and marketed it as peanut oil, according to a statement from the government.

Vietnam- Rhodamine B contamination in chili powder
4 Jan 2012
Sai Gon Giai Phong (SGGP) [edited] [ProMed]
http://www.saigon-gpdaily.com.vn/Health/2012/1/99223/
Health inspectors identified a store selling chili powder that had been mixed with a toxic chemical dye called rhodamine B, a substance very harmful to human health. Inspectors traced the source to a man living in Van Thai village in. Raids of his house revealed 6 large plastic bags filled with 300 kilograms of chili powder. The inspections found out that the man had mixed chili powder with rhodamine B to increase volume and profits. A later search revealed an additional 234 containers with 10 tons of chili powder in his house.

China- Dairy farmer on death row for food adulteration
09 Dec. 2011
Barfblog [edited] [BITES]
http://www.barfblog.com/blog/151867/11/12/09/chinese-dairy-farmer-death-row-food-adulteration-killing-3-kids
A Chinese dairy farmer has been sentenced to death for reportedly lacing her rival's milk supply with industrial salt, causing the deaths of three young children. A court found the farmer guilty of deliberately adding nitrite to the milk of a dairy farming couple in revenge for some business disputes, according to local news reports. It is believed that 36 people were hospitalized due to illnesses from the contaminated milk.

Japan- Radiation in baby formula
6 Dec 2011
The Mainichi Daily News [edited] [ProMed]
http://mdn.mainichi.jp/mdnnews/news/20111206p2g00m0dm142000c.html
Radioactive cesium have been found in infant formula produced and sold a company in Japan. The company suspects a link with the radioactive leaks from the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant damaged by the March, 2011 earthquake and tsunami. Radioactive cesium has been found in baby formula for the first time since the March 2011 disaster, prompting the Health, Labor and Welfare Ministry to begin looking into the matter. The levels of cesium-134 and cesium-137 contained in the product remain below the government-set allowable limit of 200 becquerels per kilogram. It has been reported that the readings were not at levels that would have an immediate impact on human health. The company will offer customers free replacements of the formula.

Japan- Contaminated Water Leaks from Fukushima Nuclear Plant
6 Dec. 2011
BBC [edited] [CAHFS DailyNews]
http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-16032975
Contaminated water has leaked from a treatment system at Japan's crippled fukushima nuclear plant, with some potentially entering the sea. Workers found the leak - caused by a crack in a concrete foundation. The nuclear plant was crippled by the March 11, 2011 earthquake and tsunami.

Vietnam- Chemical contamination in food products, dye
2 Dec. 2011
Sai Gon Giai Phong (SGGP) News [edited] [ProMed]
http://www.saigon-gpdaily.com.vn/Health/2011/12/98674/
The Health Department in Ho Chi Minh City [HCMC] has banned 2 products from selling in the market because they are suspected to contain cancer-causing substances.
Health inspectors found that a company's chilli powder contained rhodamine B, a cancer-causing substance used as a dye agent to deepen color in foods and medicines. Health Department ordered 23.2 kilograms of the tainted product to be destroyed and investigation into its origin is still underway. Health inspectors also suspended the sale of pineapple jam made by a company because it was found to contain malachite green, a dye used in coloring silk, leather, and paper.

China- Organic food worries
03 Nov. 2011
China Daily [edited] [BITES]
http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/usa/business/2011-11/03/content_14028456.htm
With one food safety scandal after another, the authenticity of organic certification labels is now in the spotlight. It’s been reported that even supposedly organic food such as vegetables from producers that claim not to use chemical fertilizers or pesticides cannot be entirely trusted. A recent report quoted ‘organic farmers’ who acknowledged that they sometimes use fertilizers or pesticides that are banned for organic food in order to boost their output. Recently Walmart was caught up in such a scandal when one of its stores was found to be selling ordinary pork as organic pork, with a price tag several times higher.

Japan- New government rules may doom raw beef dishes
04 Oct. 2011
Meatingplace [edited] [BITES]
http://www.meatingplace.com/MembersOnly/webNews/details.aspx?item=27142
Japan meatpackers and restaurateurs are concerned that tougher regulations on raw meat will make it impossible to serve some popular dishes. The Japan Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare (MHLW) strengthened regulations because four people died of food poisoning earlier this year after eating raw beef at a restaurant. MHLW's new rules require meatpackers to heat a section of raw meat at least 1 centimeter (0.4 inch) deep from the surface at 60 degrees Celsius (140 degrees Fahrenheit) for two minutes or more to sterilize it before shipping to restaurants. The Japanese government will determine whether the new standards are being observed by the end of the year.

China- Halts raw oyster imports from U.S. after illness reports
30 Sep. 2011
Xinhua News Agency [edited] [BITES]
http://news.xinhuanet.com/english2010/china/2011-09/30/c_131170338.htm
China stated on Friday that it has halted the import of raw oysters from the U.S. (in particular, Washington State) after reports of an outbreak, even though no illnesses in China have been confirmed. The General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine (AQSIQ) reported that it has also recalled raw oysters already imported from the state by Chinese companies. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration earlier this week warned consumers not to eat raw oysters harvested from the Hood Canal area of Washington following an outbreak of illness in the state caused by Vibrio parahaemolyticus bacteria. China has conducted tests for the bacteria in raw oysters imported from other U.S. states as well as seafood imported from other countries.

China to ban antibiotics as growth promoters
13 Sept. 2011
Wattagnet [edited]
http://www.wattagnet.com/China_to_ban_antibiotics_as_growth_promoters.html
China's Ministry of Agriculture has announced a forthcoming ban on antibiotics as growth promoters in animal feed. It is estimated that today China produces 400,000 tons of antibiotics annually. The ban is supported by the academic community, which believes that without antibiotics in animal feed, the health of animals will be better promoted, microbes' resistance to antibiotics will be lowered and food will become safer to eat. Statistics show that in 2006, China produced 210,000 tons of antibiotics, and 97,000 tons were added to animal feed.

Guam- Update food safety codes
18 Sept. 2011
Pacific Daily News [edited] [BITES]
Guam's nearly 20-year-old food safety policies could soon get a needed update. A bill was introduced that proposes administrative rules and regulations for safety and health of food service establishments and operations within the food service industry. Bill 307-31 includes the updated codes as developed by the Guam Food Safety Task Force. Updates include requirements to wear gloves when preparing food and requirements for temperatures when storing cooked food. The currently proposed Guam Food Code reflects the U.S. 2005 Model Food Code developed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.

Japan- Stop claiming food is safe, ministry told
08 Aug. 2011
The Japan Times [edited] [BITES]
It has been reported that the Foreign Minister has asked his ministry to refrain from vouching for the safety of Japanese food. The ministry stance changed after radiation-tainted beef was found to have been sold to consumers nationwide. The contaminated meat is coming from cattle that were fed rice straw contaminated with cesium isotopes from the Fukushima No. 1 nuclear power plant. The government is taking measures to prevent contaminated food from making it into public distribution channels. Also, the ministry has also asked its diplomatic offices to repeat its stance of disclosing safety information in a timely manner.

FIJI- Restaurants should follow international food system
4 Aug. 2011
Fijivillage.com [edited] [BITES]
All restaurants and eateries in the country will soon be following an international food system. The Food Unit Acting Director stated that under the proposed new Eateries Regulation, they will be adopting HACCP and this will cover butchers, farmers and fisherman or all who provide produce for use in restaurants. The Ministry will also be looking into setting up a unit for checks on all farms and suppliers. The new regulation is expected to be in place by next year following Cabinet approval.

China- Arrests 2,000 suspects, closes 4,900 businesses in food safety overhaul
3 Aug. 2011
Xinhua [edited] [BITES]
China has arrested 2,000 suspects and shut down more than 4,900 businesses for illegal practices during a national campaign launched in April to crack down on illegal additives in food. Police have investigated 1,200 criminal cases concerning the illegal adding of non-edible materials in food and destroyed a series of underground sites for illegal production, storage and processing of food products.

China- Bans eight new food additives over contamination fears
12 June 2011
Xinhua News Agency [edited] [BITES]
China's food and drug regulator has ordered a ban on eight products manufactured by four mainland-based companies after they were found to be tainted with an industrial chemical. The State Food and Drug Administration asked catering firms to immediately stop purchasing or using the banned products, which inspectors have found to be contaminated with DEHP, a plasticizer that may cause hormonal malfunctions in children.

China- 106 convicted of food safety violations in eight months
21 May 2011
People’s Daily Online [edited] [BITES]
In China, 61 cases involving food safety violations have been heard and 106 people have been convicted over the past eight months, according to a statement issued by the Supreme People's Court (SPC). These cases involve the production and sale of poisonous or harmful foodstuff, as well the production and sale of food that fail to meet hygienic standards.

China- Food safety inspectors shut hundreds of firms
25 May 2011
Shanghai Daily [edited] [BITES]
Food safety watchdogs have shut down almost 30 companies in the past month, with another 197 set to be closed as part of a major crackdown. The Shanghai Quality and Technical Supervision Bureau reported that the tough inspections have shaken the industry. Also, Shanghai has set up a food safety committee to bridge management gaps that exist between the three agencies overseeing food safety.

Australia- Raw milk shake-up
15 May 2011
Daily Telegraph [edited] [BITES]
Sydney families are ignoring health authorities by buying and drinking raw cow's milk, which is available at health-food stores as a "beauty" product. A local organics shop last month lost an appeal against an Industrial Court fine and court costs totaling $183,000 for selling ‘Bath Milk,’ an unpasteurized cow's milk that is marketed as a beauty bath. But the owner of the store stated that the fine had not stopped high consumer interest in the milk, which people now sourced from other stores. In Australia, raw goat's milk is legal but raw cow's milk is not, so a lot of people feed their children raw goat's milk. The NSW Food Authority has reported that consuming unpasteurized milk [from any animal source] is a health risk and could lead to the transmission of E. coli and salmonella.

Malaysia- Concern over safety of illegal hawkers’ food
27 April 2011
Borneo Post Online [edited] [BITES]
Some concerned people have voiced worries that illegal hawkers may be endangering the health and safety of students by selling food products at a school, which may not be safe. In a letter addressed to the State Education Department and State Health Department, a complainant urged the authorities to investigate this matter. The letter claimed that the hawkers are selling pickled fruit with potentially harmful preservatives and using water that was not boiled.

China- Tainted milk powder seized in Chinese warehouses
27 April 2011
Telegraph [edited] [BITES]
The seizures come three years after the 2008 milk scandal, in which three babies died and 300,000 others were sickened by melamine-tainted milk in an episode that fatally undermined already fragile public trust in the government’s ability to keep food safe. The discovery of the tainted milk powder, which was due to be made into pastry and ice-cream, has drawn attention to the inability to regulate China’s vast and fragmented food chain. In a bid to restore confidence, city authorities have announced a 100-day crackdown on food and drug fraud.

China- Research center might be able to quell food-safety fears
27 April 2011
Nature.com [edited] [CAHFS-DailyNews]
Because of the numerous food safety scandals that have rocked China, the government has stepped up efforts to remediate the situation and introduced a series of initiatives to try to stop illegal activity in the food industry. One of these initiatives is the development of a new National Center on Food Safety Risk Assessment; the center is expected to open later this year and seeks to improve food standards and bolster public confidence in Chinese produce. The center will have a staff of more than 300 scientists and public-health experts. The experts will organize reviews of existing research on food safety and commission additional research where needed.

China- Blacklists 151 materials forbidden in food and feed
23 April 2011
Xinhua News Agency [edited] [BITES]
China has blacklisted 151 materials forbidden for use in food and feed over the past nine years, according to figures released by the food safety committee under the State Council. The materials include 47 inedible materials likely to be added illegally to food, 22 food additives easily abused, and 82 substances forbidden in feed and drinking water for animals. The government has posted these materials on the website of China's Health Ministry and the website of the Agriculture Ministry.

Japan- Radiation Contaminated Food
21 April 2011
FDA.gov [edited] [CAHFS-DailyNews]
Officials in Japan now fear that high levels of radioactive materials have entered the food supply as efforts continue to get the damaged nuclear reactors under control. Japan has placed restrictions on foods, including spinach and milk, which were produced in two provinces around the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear plant. Spinach from one farm in a town 45 miles away from the plant, contained 27 times the amount of iodine and four times the amount of cesium that is considered safe. At a dairy farm about 18 miles from the plant, the raw milk contained iodine levels 17 times higher than considered safe. While none of the produce found to be contaminated has been shipped outside of the local Japanese market, officials report that there might have been some contaminated produce that was not tested and could have slipped through.

China- Tainted bean sprouts latest food scare
20 April 2011
Business Week [edited] [CAHFS-DailyNews]
In the latest food scare to hit China, authorities in a northeastern city have found bean sprouts tainted with banned food additives that were used to make the vegetables grow faster and look shinier. According to a local police in seized 40 tons of bean sprouts treated with the chemical compounds (sodium nitrite and cytokinin). Police arrested 12 people in connection with the seizure from six distribution centers and other locations around the city. Sodium nitrite hinders bacteria growth in food but can be toxic to humans and is carcinogenic and cytokinin is also banned as a food additive.

New Zealand- MAF confirms its health standards for pork imports
12 April 2011
Radio New Zealand [edited] [BITES]
The Ministry of Agriculture has confirmed new import health standards for pig meat imports. The provisional standards were released in 2009, but needed to be revised. The pork industry asked for the review because it feared the draft standards were not enough to prevent the disease Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome (PRRS) out of New Zealand. MAF stated that the updated standards will allow limited imports of fresh uncooked pork from countries that have the disease. The pork will have to have the lymph nodes removed and weigh no more than 3kg.

Japan- Food security after earthquake
7 April 2011
FoodQualityNews.com [edited]
The Japanese government may need to re-think its food security strategy as the full consequences of last month’s earthquake, tsunami and nuclear disaster become clear, as imports are likely to increase. While the situation is still evolving, the domino effect of the disaster will likely result in more imports from trade partners, such as the US, Australia and China. The radiation issues at the Fukushima plant have heightened food safety concerns at a time when Japanese food self-sufficiency is already low. A report, Japan earthquake- Magnitude of Impacts on Food and Agriculture, looks at the potential impact across six major agricultural sectors: rice, grains, meat, dairy, fruit and vegetables, and seafood. It concludes that there is a temporary prioritisation on long-life and staple foods, but that Japanese peoples’ safety concerns over seafood, meat, fruit and vegetables are likely to mean more imports. Meanwhile a number of countries round the world are testing imports from Japan to ensure products contaminated by radiation do not enter the food supply chain.

Australia- Illegal food imports intercepted
04 April 2011
Courier Mail [edited] [BITES]
Retailers have been caught selling Korean food products that do not meet Australian food safety standards. The investigation began after the Australian Quarantine and Inspection Service (AQIS) intercepted one shipment of illegally imported Korean food.

China- Half China's dairies closed in safety audit
02 April 2011
Barfblog [edited] [BITES]
Nearly half of the Chinese dairies inspected in a government safety audit have been ordered to stop production. Only 643 companies from a total of 1176 had their licenses renewed, while 426 failed the quality criteria set by the audit and 107 others had already stopped production to bring themselves into compliance. Of the 145 companies producing milk powder for babies, 114 had their licenses renewed. The authorities will strengthen supervision of dairy companies, both those who passed the audit and those who did not. These measures will lead to more than 20 percent of businesses being closed according to the Dairy Producers Association of China.

China- Pigs test positive for banned drug in new food safety scandal
18 March 2011
The Washington Post [edited] [BITES]
Three senior officials in central China have been suspended and more than two dozen others punished after pigs in farms tested positive for a banned chemical that can be dangerous to humans according to the state media. Tainted pork has become the latest food safety scandal to shock China. Farmers have been using the fat-burning drug, clenbuterol, in pig feed. An investigation of some pig farms has found that 52 out of about 1,500 pigs in nine farms tested positive for clenbuterol. More inspections are being planned.

China- Stronger food safety regulations debated
10 March 2011
China Daily [edited] [BITES]
Lawmakers and experts have urged stronger punishments and improved law enforcement to ensure food safety, following tainted food scandals that have generated nationwide concern. The director of the Chongqing public security bureau and deputy to the National People's Congress proposed a law on food and drug safety, separate from the current Criminal Law and the Food Safety Law, to stem the rise of such crimes.

Japan- Asian markets screen Japanese food exports for radiation
15 March 2011
Food Production Daily [edited]
A number of Asian countries are testing Japanese food imports for radiation as that country grapples with a nuclear crisis following last weekend’s earthquake. South Korea, Hong Kong, Singapore, and the Philippines are countries stepping up their efforts to increase the screening of products. The Agri-Food & Veterinary Authority (AVA) of Singapore said food products from Japan exported before March 11, 2011 are safe for consumption as they would not have been exposed to any radioactive contamination. These include products that are currently in the market and those which had arrived in Singapore over the last few days. Also, as a precautionary measure, samples of fresh produce exported from Japan after March 11, 2011 including seafood, fruits, vegetables, and meat, are being tested for radioactive contaminants according to the AVA.

China- Targets leather protein in new food concern
18 Feb. 2011
AFP[edited] [BITES]
China pledged to halt the use of leather protein in food production. Authorities will crack down on and punish companies that illegally process or produce milk using leather protein. Leather protein is derived from scraps of animal skin. It is potentially harmful to humans if dangerous chemicals such as sulphuric acid are used in the extraction process. Its use as an additive in animal feed is allowed but the government in February 2009 banned the adding of leather protein to food consumed by humans.

Australia- First Australian non-pasteurized cheese approved for sale
15 Feb. 2011
ABC News [edited] [BITES]
Australia's first legally recognized raw milk cheese has been approved for sale. The hard, cooked curd, cow's milk cheese is similar to a European-style mountain cheese like gruyere. It's the only style of cheese that can be made legally in Australia using non-pasteurized milk.

China- Food safety centers established
04 Feb. 2011
China daily [edited] [BITES]
Food safety monitoring centers have been set up across China in 31 provinces, 218 prefectures, and 312 counties.

China- 248 arrested for food safety in 2010
30 Jan. 2011
Barfblog [edited] [BITES]
A total of 248 people were arrested in China last year for involvement in food safety cases. The country dealt with 130,000 cases involving food safety, including 115 criminal cases. The year 2010 also saw a nationwide crackdown on 'gutter oil' that is usually made from discarded kitchen waste that has been refined, after media reports that it was commonly used by small restaurants. A total of 191 officials were punished for failing to do their duty in food safety enforcement, with 26 of them fired according to reports.

China- Skinny pigs, poison pork
24 Jan. 2011
The Associated Press [BITES] [edited]
It has shown up frequently in pork but also in snake dishes in China and beef from the far west, sending diners to the hospital with stomach aches. Clenbuterol, known in China simply as "lean meat powder," is a dangerous drug that's banned in China yet stubbornly continues to pop up in the food supply, laced into animal feed by farmers. The drug accelerates fat burning and muscle growth, making it an attractive feed additive. How much of China's meat supply is tainted with clenbuterol is not clear. The government won't say how many cases of contaminated meat or related illness occur every year. But industry watchers say that, in the countryside at least, use of the drug is rampant.

New Zealand- NZFSA to relaunch its food safety website
21 Jan. 2011
NZFSA [edited] [BITES]
The New Zealand Food Safety Authority (NZFSA) will relaunch its industry-focused website on 27 January, 2011. The new website is aimed at food businesses that produce, sell, export or import food. It is designed to help these businesses navigate regulatory and market access requirements.

China- 96 arrested for using tainted milk powder
13 Jan. 2011
CRI [edited] [BITES]
Ninety-six people are in police custody, awaiting prosecution or in prison for illegally using melamine-tainted milk powder. They were found to have used melamine-tainted milk powder as raw material to produce dairy products or sell such dairy products. Among them, 17 had been convicted, including two people sentenced to life in prison.

Japan- Operation Flying Turtle nabs two Japanese allegedly smuggling 55 live turtles into LAX
11 Jan. 2011
Barfblog [edited] [BITES]
Federal officials arrested two Japanese men for smuggling 55 live turtles into the LAX airport in snack food boxes. The two men were arrested Friday by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service after an undercover sting operation. Authorities stated that they infiltrated the ring over the last few months in an investigation known as "Operation Flying Turtle." Prosecutors said the charges carry a maximum possible federal prison sentence of 20 years.

Animal/Plant Health Issues

CaitlinCatella — Fri, 16 Dec 2011 16:17:55 CST

A Guide to Compensation Schemes for Livestock Disease Control is now available
12 Dec. 2011
FAO [edited] [CAHFS-DailyNews]
http://www.fao.org/ag/againfo/resources/documents/compensation_guide/index.html
Livestock and products from livestock are important commodities to world economies, to international trade and to people who make their living from livestock. Diseases threaten the productivity of livestock systems and the ability of countries to engage in international trade of livestock and derived products. Governments may implement a range of control measures to prevent and control the occurrence and spread of infectious animal diseases. One such measure is culling (killing) and safely disposing of infected animals and those at risk. Experience from many countries shows that compensating or paying farmers for the value of the animals destroyed is an important measure to increase farmer cooperation with government culling schemes and encourage them to report disease. The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) in collaboration with the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) have compiled a Guide to Compensation Schemes for Livestock Diseases. This guide describes the practical steps that are needed to design and implement a compensation scheme and provides templates and examples in English and Spanish. Much experience has been gained from HPAI control and many of the examples are taken from poultry systems, but the approach is relevant for any species of livestock and any disease where culling is used to control outbreaks.

Breakthrough in Bluetongue Vaccine
2 Aug. 2011
Science Daily [edited] [CAHFS DailyNews]
Researchers have taken a step towards producing better vaccines against Bluetongue by successfully assembling the virus outside a cell. This research, published in the National Academy of Sciences, could provide scientists with the tools to develop vaccines with useful new properties. This new approach provides an assembly kit for the virus which could allow scientists to design vaccines with useful properties. Developing a vaccine that is tagged with a marker, for example, would make it easier to tell the difference between animals that have been vaccinated and those that have suffered the disease.

Rinderpest ‘Cattle Plague’ Only the Second Disease to be Eradicated
26 May 2011
Washington Post [edited]
Rinderpest, a cattle disease that for centuries affected herds in Europe, Africa and Asia and caused periodic human famine, has been eradicated, veterinary epidemiologists announced. Smallpox is the only other eradicated disease that was eradicated in 1980. Attempts are underway to rid the world of polio and Guinea worm disease as well. Even communities, where herding was not their livelihood, were affected by rinderpest because it could be lethal- it killed draft animals and disrupted agriculture. The U.N. Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) will declare the disease eradicated next month at its headquarters in Rome. This thought by many to be one of the greatest achievement in veterinary medicine.

Animal Health- Urgent work needed on new vaccines

16 Feb. 2011
Farmers Guardian [edited] [BITES]
The animal health industry urgently needs to develop more vaccines to combat animal disease, or livestock farmers will struggle to meet the increased demands of a growing population. Resistance to anti-parasitics is rising and with the increasingly tight regulation on the use of antibiotics, the focus in the future needs to be on producing new vaccines.

As farming intensifies, researchers warn that the developing world is “dangerously behind” on controlling animal diseases

11 Feb. 2011
International Food Policy Research Institute [edited] [CAHFS-DailyNews]
Livestock diseases are on the rise globally, due to increasingly intensive farming practices and the world's growing taste for meat and other animal products. The warning comes from scientists at the International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), based in Kenya, who argue that different approaches are needed to curb these diseases. Wealthy nations are controlling livestock diseases more effectively when compared to developing countries, including many in Africa and Asia. This gap could endanger food security in the developing world, where up to 40% of household income can depend on livestock. It was reported that over the past ten years the number of emerging diseases has increased, and understanding the links between human and animal diseases will be critical to controlling the spread of diseases.

France- Herpesvirus OsHV-1 and Vibrio Splendidus, Oysters Suspected

22 Dec 2010
The Telegraph [edited] [ProMed]
The traditional French Christmas and New Year's Eve supper of oysters is under threat as a mystery disease has contaminated the shellfish population. Oyster prices have risen by 50% in some areas, making the delicacy far more expensive this year [2010] for French families. However, scientists are warning that the epidemic is so virulent that there may be no oysters left for next year's [2011] festive season. French army marine scientists have been drafted in to study the disease, which is killing billions of baby oysters and threatening an entire industry on an unprecedented scale.

United Kingdom- Badger vaccine shows promise for tackling cattle TB

3 Dec. 2010
BBC [edited] [CAHFS-DailyNews]
Vaccinating badgers could prove a good way to tackle the spread of TB in cattle, according to research. In a four-year project, UK scientists found vaccination reduced the incidence of TB infection in wild badgers by 74%. Vaccinating badgers could help to overcome some of the challenges surrounding badger culling, which the UK government wants to bring in next year. ‘Badger culling’ is an approach to disease control that is costly, practically difficult and controversial.

Africa- Deadly animal virus threatens to spread to southern Africa

3 Nov. 2010
FAO [edited] [CAHFS-DailyNews]
A deadly viral disease which broke out in Tanzania earlier this year risks spreading to Southern Africa, posing a threat to more than 50 million sheep and goats in 15 countries. Known as Peste des Petits Ruminants (Small Ruminants' Plague), or PPR, it is considered the most destructive viral disease affecting small ruminant flocks. PPR may cause death rates of up to 100% in sheep and goats and although it does not infect humans, it can cause enormous socio-economic losses. If the disease is able to spread from Tanzaniainto the whole of the 15-nation Southern African Development Community (SADC) it could potentially devastate the livelihoods and food security of millions of small herders and agro-pastoralists.

Rinderpest virus has been wiped out, scientists say

14 October 2010
BBC News [edited] [CAHFS-Daily News]
Scientists working for the UN say that they have eradicated a virus which can be deadly to cattle. If confirmed, rinderpest would become only the second viral disease - after smallpox - to have been eliminated by humans. Rinderpest is prevalent in the Middle East, Africa and Asia. The UN's Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) has said that it will now suspend its efforts to track and eliminate the virus. When the disease arrived in Africa at the end of the nineteenth century between 80% and 90% of cattle and buffalo on the continent were killed. The eradication of the virus has been described as the biggest achievement in veterinary history and one which will save the lives and livelihoods of millions of the poorest people in the world.

UK- MRSA in Pigs and Pork updated

04 October 2010
Pig Progress [edited] [BITES]
http://www.octagon-services.co.uk/articles/cephalosporins.pdf
MRSA (Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus) bacteria are being found increasingly in pig herds across Europe, North America and Asia. They are of concern because MRSA has caused problems in hospitals where patients with open wounds, invasive medical care devices or weakened immune systems are at risk of an infection which will not respond to treatment with antibiotics such as penicillin (methicillin, dicloxacillin, nafcillin, oxacillin, etc.) and cephalosporins. These bacterial strains are sometimes called "multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus" or "oxacillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus" (ORSA). Prevention is the best form of cure and farmers are being advised not to buy breeding or finishing stock from MRSA-infected sources.

Pakistan- Millions of livestock dead or in danger due to flooding

1 September 2010
CAHFS-DailyNews [edited]
Millions of livestock have been affected by the floods in Pakistan and are badly in need of food and medicine according to FAO. More than 3.6 millions of crops hectares (maize, rice, sugarcane and cotton) have been lost and 1.2 million animals and 6 million birds have died. FAO estimates that millions of surviving animals are now facing severe feed shortages, threatening generations of Pakistan's livestock. The floods have affected the most densely populated livestock areas in Pakistan. Livestock make up about half of agricultural GDP. Animals have the urgent need for vaccines because people are moving their animals into non-flooding grazing zones, increasing the risk of disease spreading.

Netherlands- Bovine Tuberculosis

27 August 2010
Trouw, Novum report [edited] [ProMed]
A veterinarian discovered (in July 2010) changes suspected to be due to tuberculosis in a cow. Tests on all other cattle on the farm revealed that 20 percent of them had the disease. These animals were killed to prevent further spread. The farm was put under quarantine on the day of initial suspicion, preventing movement of animals. Bovine TB [Btb] is a disease which can be transmitted from animals to humans. In particular, drinking raw milk or consuming raw milk cheeses is risky. Bovine TB in humans can lead to vague symptoms such as fatigue, lethargy, emaciation, mild pyrexia, and night sweats.

New Zealand- Salmonella strain hits sheep again

18 August 2010
Otago Daily Times [edited] [BITES]
Hundreds of sheep on up to 30 farms are believed to have died from a disease that causes ewes to abort. Salmonella Brandenburg cases have surged, especially in the area between Waitahuna and Clydevale, and mortality at some farms has hit triple figures.

Cameroon- African Swine Fever

17 July 2010
Meattradenewsdaily.co.uk [edited] [ProMed]
In Cameroon, more than 10,000 pigs were slaughtered and burned in the past two weeks as part of the measures to fight an outbreak of African swine fever, a very contagious disease in pigs.

NETHERLANDS: Increase in Clostridium Difficile in Pigs

22 June 2010
VetsWeb
Research at Leiden University in the Netherlands, showed that the bacteria Clostridium difficile (C. difficile) is increasingly present on Dutch pig farms. The results were obtained after tests had been carried out at the university's animal health faculty with the city's academic medical centre. The increase may be the result of strong antibiotic use in livestock. C. difficile causes diarrhea in piglets and was discovered in pigs for the first time in 2007. C. difficile was also confirmed to have increased in human patients in the Netherlands during the same time. Currently, research is being conducted to determine whether there is a link between the increase in humans and in pig production. It is difficult to trace the origins of this strain of C. difficile through epidemiological research as the bacteria has now become widespread. In humans, this type of Clostridium mainly occurs in people who have been consuming a lot of antibiotics, causing an intestinal bacteria imbalance.

Europe: Food Safety Policy

CaitlinCatella — Wed, 07 Dec 2011 12:28:22 CST

UK- Unites to Stamp Out Battery Cages
7 Dec. 2011
Defra.gov [edited] [CAHFS DailyNews]
http://www.defra.gov.uk/news/2011/12/06/higher-welfare-eggs/
Action will be taken to improve living conditions for hens and prevent eggs produced in ‘battery cages’ being sold in the UK, according to the Agriculture Minister. An EU ban on battery cages comes in to effect on January 1, 2012. Egg producers will be required to provide hens with larger and more comfortable cages, which include nesting and scratching areas. It has been reported that the Animal Health and Veterinary Laboratories Agency (AHVLA) will use ultra violet light to identify batches of eggs that were not laid in the new, more welfare friendly cages. UV light picks up small marks left in the shell immediately after it has been laid, before it hardens. Any eggs which only show a pattern of wire marks will have been laid in the old battery cages, and will not be allowed to be sold as class A (whole) eggs.

Europe – The European Union Ban on Egyptian Seeds and Sprouts Extended
24 Oct. 2011
Food Safety News [edited] [CAHFS-DailyNews]
http://www.foodsafetynews.com/2011/10/ban-on-egyptian-fenugreek-seeds-extended/
Last week the European Commission (EC) lifted import restrictions on fresh and chilled podded peas and green beans and other fresh produce from Egypt. The ban had been an emergency action imposed in July, after imported Egyptian fenugreek seeds were blamed for the outbreak of E. coli O104:H4 linked to sprouts in Germany and France.
But while fresh peas and beans got a green light, the temporary ban on Egyptian seeds and sprouts, scheduled to expire Oct. 31, will be extended until the end of March due to an unsatisfactory audit. The EC is waiting for a scientific opinion from the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) on the risk posed by Shiga-toxin producing E. coli (STEC) and other pathogenic bacteria in seeds and sprouts, shoots and cress derived from seeds.

Ireland- New guidelines for ready-to-eat sprouted seeds
30 Aug. 2011
Barfblog [edited] [BITES]
The Food Safety Authority of Ireland (FSAI) has published guidelines for the safe production of sprouted seeds to be consumed raw, following the recent outbreaks of E. coli O104:H4 in Germany and France. These guidelines introduce pathogen control measures for seed suppliers and sprouted seed producers. These include testing and certification requirements for seeds and a disinfection step and testing for sprouted seeds. The measures are being introduced to reduce risks to consumers’ health. FSAI is advising producers of sprouted seeds who are using these guidelines; to label their products as ‘ready-to-eat’. These guidelines can be accessed on our website on the following link: http://bit.ly/o9VWuW.

EU- Team sent to Egypt to test seeds
24 Aug 2011
FoodSafetyNews [edited] [CAHFS-DailyNews]
A delegation from the European Union has been sent to Egypt to test seeds there for E. coli O104:H4, the strain of bacteria that caused the recent deadly outbreak killing 50 people. Egypt is allowing EU representatives into the country to search for hard evidence of contamination in seeds or lack thereof. Following the outbreak, the EU placed a ban on the import of certain Egyptian sprouting seeds and beans.

UK- Thirteen convicted for Veterinary Medicine Smuggling
11 July 2011
Defra.gov.uk [edited] [CAHFS DailyNews]
Thirteen people have been convicted in connection with a large illegal veterinary medicine business in which more than £6 million worth of products were smuggled to the UK. The ringleaders sold unauthorized and prescription-only medicines to more than 4,000 British customers for use at properties throughout the EU. The Chief Executive of the Government’s Veterinary Medicines Directorate (VMD), stated that this was a significant commercial enterprise which seriously attacked the principle of safe and effective veterinary medicines. The medicines included non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, anabolic steroids, antibiotics, sedatives, and pain control treatments for a variety of species.

Russia- Citing E. coli bacteria, bans food products from 300 German companies
22 June 2011
Washington Post [edited] [BITES]
Russian regulators are introducing a ban on meat and milk products from some 300 German companies, citing concern about E. coli. The statement by the agricultural oversight agency did not identify the companies but stated that the ban will begin Monday.

UK- Vets urge ban on adverts for antibiotics to farmers
18 June 2011
The Independent [edited]
Britain's vets called yesterday for a ban on the advertising of antibiotics to farmers to help curb the overuse of antibiotics which is fuelling the growth of resistant strains of bacteria. Britain is the only country in Europe that permits advertising of the drugs, but proposals to end the practice contained in draft regulations were withdrawn last April by the Veterinary Medicines Directorate (VMD). It has been reported that the use of antibiotics in farming had risen up to eightfold in 10 years. The British Veterinary Association (BVA), which represents 12,000 vets, stated that it was disappointed that the VMD had decided not to go ahead with the ban on advertising.

UK- Farmers maybe using animal by-products in feed again
22 May 2011
The Independent [edited] [BITES]
Controversial practices for the feeding of livestock could be reintroduced after initially ending when mad cow disease rocked the nation. MEPs will vote this week on whether to lift the ban on feeding animal by-products to pigs, chickens and farmed fish. They have been urged to back the move by an EU committee, which called in a recent draft report for the feed ban to be revised.

UK- Food Law Practice Guidance published
06 May 2011
Food Standards Agency [edited] [BITES]
The Agency published an updated Practice Guidance for the Food Law Code of Practice. The Practice Guidance takes into account developments in enforcement since the 2006 version. The Practice Guidance has updates on: the role of primary authorities; guidance on quick frozen food, bottled water, phosphatase testing and imported food; interventions, including interventions types and alternative enforcement strategies; newly registered establishments; interpretation of the Code of Practice Annex 5 for Food Standards; and wild game and small quantities. A number of revisions have been made to the official forms contained in the guidance and references to legislation, online links and contact details. The Practice Guidance was revised following consultation with Local Government Regulation.

UK-Food Standards Agency's Strategy to 2015
28 March 2011
UK FSA News[edited]
The UK Food Standards Agency (FSA) has published its "Strategy to 2015: Safer food for the nation" which sets out six outcomes that the FSA will work towards to ensure that food is safe and that consumers can continue to have trust and confidence in the food they buy and eat. The six outcomes the FSA aims to deliver are: [1] foods produced or sold in the UK are safe to eat [2] imported food is safe to eat [3] food producers and caterers give priority to consumer interests in relation to food [4] consumers have the information and understanding they need to make informed choices about where and what they eat [5] regulation is effective, risk-based and proportionate, is clear about the responsibilities of food business operators, and protects consumers and their interests from fraud and other risks [6] enforcement is effective, consistent, risk-based and proportionate and is focused on improving public health. To support the delivery of the updated strategy, the FSA has published its updated 'Science and Evidence Strategy 2010–2015', which sets out how [FSA] will use science and evidence to meet the challenges of delivering safer food for the nation and reiterates the Agency’s commitment to using the best available science and evidence in an open and transparent manner.

Ireland- Food Safety Authority closes four restaurants
08 March 2011
Irish Examiner [edited] [BITES]
The Food Safety Authority of Ireland closed four restaurants in February because of poor food safety and hygiene practices.

Ireland- Food safety complaints on the rise
Foodproductiondaily.com [edited]
07 March 2011
Irish consumers came across more unwanted surprises in their food last year, including a moth in a cake and a live beetle in a bag of Caesar salad. The Food Safety Authority of Ireland (FSAI) reported that it received 7% more complaints in 2010 related to unfit food, inaccurate labelling, poor hygiene, and suspected food poisoning. Among the 2,126 complaints, contamination with foreign objects, including insects, safety pins and even a tooth, were reported. The FSAI claimed that the higher number of complaints in 2010 did not necessarily mean that food safety and hygiene standards had deteriorated. The government body attributed the increase to greater vigilance on the part of consumers.

Tajikistan- Vets go private, crush brucellosis
1 March 2011
FAO [edited] [CAHFS-DailyNews]
A dramatic decline in brucellosis, a serious disease affecting both livestock and humans, is being hailed as the first major victory of the recently privatized national animal health service. Government services in this former Soviet republic all but collapsed during a civil war in the 1990s and by 2004 brucellosis infected 8.5% of the country's sheep and goat herds. Meat and dairy production declined and people who caught the disease from consuming unpasteurized milk and cheese became debilitated with chronic fevers, muscle pains and weakness. The situation has turned around, with disease rates now around 2.5%, thanks to a nationwide campaign that organized the country's veterinarians into a Tajikistan Veterinary Association and 1.7 million animals have been vaccinated.

UK- E. coli contaminated food found during checks in East Yorkshire
07 Feb. 2011
The Press [edited] [BITES]
Food hygiene teams in East Yorkshire found ten batches of cooked meat containing the potentially deadly bacteria E.coli during checks on butchers in the district.

Austria- A tool to track animal diseases may help to protect humans
07 Feb. 2011
The New York Times [edited] [BITES]
A new online mapping tool will enable scientists and the public to track outbreaks of animal diseases that might be transmitted to humans. The tool is called Predict and was created with a grant from the United States Agency for International Development. The system will monitor data from 50,000 Websites with many types of information, including World Health Organization alerts, online discussions by experts, wildlife trade reports, and local news.

Italy- Authorities seize eggs contaminated by dioxin
28 Jan. 2011
Xinhua News Agency [edited] [BITES]
Italian authorities seized eggs contaminated by excessive amounts of dioxin and prohibited their trade. The local sanitary unit identified the dioxin-polluted eggs during an inspection in local farms located by industrial plants. The authorities have sealed the areas and placed a ban on both consumption and commerce of the eggs.

UK- Five held over £100m pork scare
12 Jan. 2011
Yahoo! News UK [edited] [BITES]
Five men have been arrested as part of a cross-border investigation into a contamination scare in the Irish pork industry which cost pig producers an estimated £100 million. At the time of the alert, just before Christmas 2008, shelves across Europe had to be cleared of pork produced in the Irish Republic after traces of dioxins were found in oil used in the making of feed to pigs and cattle.

Southeast Asia: Food Safety Studies

CaitlinCatella — Tue, 15 Nov 2011 13:23:35 CST

India- ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE, SALMONELLA TYPHI
3 Nov 2011
Amit Arjyal [edited] [ProMed]
Source: personal email
Doctors from hospitals in Mumbai have reported cases of resistant typhoid that did not respond to treatment for the first 10 days with oral drugs and the patients needed hospitalization and treatment with intravenous antibiotics. The treatment of enteric fever caused by Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi or Salmonella enterica serovar Paratyphi A is becoming increasingly difficult in many part of Asia as drug resistance spreads.

Google Earth typhoid maps reveal secrets of disease outbreaks
16 Oct. 2011
Wellcome Trust [edited] [BITES]
http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/wt-get101411.php
In the mid-nineteenth century, John Snow mapped cases of cholera in Soho, London, and traced the source of the outbreak to a contaminated water pump. Now, in a twenty-first century equivalent, scientists funded by the Wellcome Trust working in Kathmandu, Nepal, have combined the latest in gene sequencing technology and global positioning system (GPS) case localization to map the spread of typhoid and trace its source.
Typhoid fever is caused by two bacteria – Salmonella typhi and Salmonella paratyphi. Both of these bacteria are found in Kathmandu and they usually spread through water or food contaminated with feces. Symptoms of the disease include fever, abdominal pain and vomiting.

India- Study to check superbug presence
14 April 2011
Times of India [edited] [CAHFS-DailyNews]
India has decided to check for the presence of the NDM-1 gene in New Delhi hospitals and the city’s water supply lines. A recent study reported that bacteria with NDM-1 (New Delhi metallo-beta-lactamase 1), an enzyme that makes gram-negative bacteria resistant to nearly all antibiotics, was found in drinking and seepage water in New Delhi.

India- Interventions given to street food vendors: A cross-sectional study
15 Feb. 2011
Food Control [edited] [BITES]
Food hygiene training and safe food handling practices learned during training are critical elements in the control of food-borne illnesses throughout the world. Street vendors are more exposed to environmental hazards and are predominantly from much weaker socio-economic backgrounds and cater to the general mass so it is even more important that they be trained. Using a cross-sectional study design, a sample of 80 street food vendors were selected and provided with training to evaluate the existing Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP) regarding food safety and hygiene and the change in KAP after training interventions.

India- Metropolis survey reveals 90% of Bangalore’s street food is unsafe
14 Jan. 2011
Food & Beverage News [edited] [BITES]
A random survey conducted by Metropolis Healthcare Ltd, India’s only multinational chain of diagnostics centers, to examine the hygiene levels of the food served on the streets of Bangalore, found that 90% of it is unfit for human consumption. The pilot study was conducted to determine the microbiological profile and level of microbial contamination of the ‘ready to consume’ street food at different locations. According to experts, the same applies to street food in all the metros. Of the 50 street food samples tested, 47 were contaminated with bacteria.

Middle East/North Africa:Food Safety Studies

CaitlinCatella — Thu, 13 Oct 2011 13:30:06 CDT

United Arab Emirates- 1,663 cases of food-borne diseases in Dubai this year
06 Oct. 2011
Khaleej Times [edited] [BITES]
http://www.khaleejtimes.com/displayarticle.asp?xfile=data/theuae/2011/October/theuae_October127.xml&section=theuae&col=
As many as 1,663 cases of foodborne illnesses have been reported in Dubai in the first nine months this year. No one has died of food poisoning and the emirate has recorded food-borne illnesses far below the average number of cases reported in developed countries, data from the first-ever food-borne disease investigation and surveillance system has revealed.

Pakistan- Microbial contamination of raw meat and its environment in retail shops
1 Feb. 2011
The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries [edited] [BITES]
This study was conducted to examine the frequency of contamination in retail meat available in a city in Pakistan. Raw meat samples (250) and surface swabs (90) from meat processing equipment and the surrounding environment were analyzed for microbiological contamination. Out of 340 samples, 84% were found to be contaminated with bacterial species, including Klebsiella, Enterobacter, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis. A total of 550 (66%) of the bacterial isolates were potential pathogens. Food-borne pathogens found in retail shops could be sources for horizontal contamination of meat. The data confirm the circulation of antibiotic resistant and biofilm forming pathogens in raw meat and its environment in retail shops in Pakistan, which could play a role in the spread of antimicrobial resistance amongst food-borne bacteria.

Israel- Silver Nanoparticles could improve food safety
19 Jan 2011
UPI [edited] [BITES]
Israeli scientists report that they have tested a "killer paper" packaging material with silver nanoparticles to preserve foods by combating bacteria that cause spoilage. Colleagues at a university have been exploring the use of silver nanoparticles as germ-fighting coatings for plastics, fabrics and metals. The researchers say nanoparticles, which have a longer-lasting effect than larger silver particles, could help overcome the growing problem of antibiotic resistance as bacteria develop the ability to shrug off existing antibiotics. Paper coated with silver nanoparticles could provide an alternative to common food preservation methods such as radiation, heat treatment and low-temperature storage. Paper treated with the nanoparticles demonstrated potent antibacterial activity against E. coli and S. aureus, two causes of bacterial food poisoning, killing all of the bacteria in 3 hours, the researchers found.